Electrodialysis reversal

Electrodialysis reversal (EDR) is an electrodialysis reversal water desalination membrane process that has been commercially used since the early 1960s.[1] An electric current migrates dissolved salt ions, including fluorides, nitrates and sulfates, through an electrodialysis stack consisting of alternating layers of cationic and anionic ion exchange membranes. Periodically (3-4 times per hour), the direction of ion flow is reversed by reversing the polarity of the applied electric current.[2][1]

Water desalination
Methods
Distillation Multi-stage flash distillation (MSF) Multiple-effect distillation (MED) Vapor-compression (VC) Ion exchange Membrane processes Electrodialysis reversal (EDR) Reverse osmosis (RO) Nanofiltration (NF) Membrane distillation (MD) Forward osmosis (FO) Freezing desalination Geothermal desalination Solar desalination Solar humidification–dehumidification (HDH) Multiple-effect humidification (MEH) Seawater greenhouse Methane hydrate crystallization High grade water recycling Wave-powered desalination

See also

• Reversed electrodialysis (RED)
• Osmotic power

References

1. Katz, William E. (January 1979). "The electrodialysis reversal (EDR) process". Desalination. 28 (1): 31–40. doi:10.1016/S0011-9164(00)88124-2.
2. Panagopoulos, Argyris; Haralambous, Katherine-Joanne; Loizidou, Maria (2019-11-25). "Desalination brine disposal methods and treatment technologies - A review". Science of the Total Environment. 693: 133545. Bibcode:2019ScTEn.693m3545P. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.351. ISSN 0048-9697. PMID 31374511.

External links

• Article: Water issues prompt new look at desalination