Echinocereus

Echinocereus
	Echinocereus triglochidiatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Core eudicots
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Cactaceae
Subfamily:	Cactoideae
Tribe:	Pachycereeae
Subtribe:	Echinocereinae
Genus:	Echinocereus; Engelm.[1]
Species
	See text
Synonyms
	Morangaya G.D.Rowley; Wilcoxia Britton & Rose[1]

Echinocereus is a genus of ribbed, usually small to medium-sized, cylindrical cacti, comprising about 70 species native to the southern United States and Mexico in very sunny, rocky places. Usually the flowers are large and the fruit edible.

The name comes from the Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (echinos), meaning "hedgehog", and the Latin cereus meaning "candle". They are sometimes known as hedgehog cacti,[2] a term also used for the Pediocactus and Echinopsis.[3]

Description

Echinocereus spp. are bushy and globular with tight spines, which are often colorful and decorative. The flowers last slightly longer than those of other cacti.

Cultivation

Echinocereus spp. are easier to cultivate than many other cacti. They need light soil, a sunny exposure, and a fresh and dry winter to flower. They grow better in soil slightly richer than other cacti. In the wild, several of the species are cold hardy, tolerating temperatures as low as -23°C, but only in dry conditions.

Species

Echinocereus knippelianus

Echinocereus viridiflorus

Echinocereus pectinatus

Echinocereus stramineus

Hedgehog cactus growing in the wild

Echinocereus reichenbachii var. reichenbachii

The following species are recognised in the genus Echinocereus:[2]

Echinocereus acifer (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Lem.
Echinocereus adustus Engelm.
Echinocereus apachensis W. Blum & Rutow
Echinocereus arizonicus Rose ex Orcutt
Echinocereus barthelowanus Britton & Rose
Echinocereus berlandieri (Engelm.) Haage f.
Echinocereus bonkerae Thornber & Bonker
Echinocereus brandegeei (J.M. Coult.) K. Schum.
Echinocereus bristolii W.T. Marshall
Echinocereus chisoensis W.T.Marshall
Echinocereus cinerascens (DC.) H.P. Kelsey & Dayton
Echinocereus coccineus Engelm.
Echinocereus dasyacanthus Engelm.
Echinocereus davisii Houghton
Echinocereus engelmannii (Parry ex Engelm.) Lem.
Echinocereus enneacanthus Engelm.
Echinocereus fasciculatus (Engelm. ex B.D.Jacks.) L.D.Benson
Echinocereus fendleri (Engelm.) Sencke ex J.N.Haage
Echinocereus ferreirianus H.E.Gates
Echinocereus freudenbergii G. Frank
Echinocereus grandis Britton & Rose
Echinocereus klapperi W. Blum
Echinocereus knippelianus Liebm.
Echinocereus laui G. Frank
Echinocereus ledingii Peebles
Echinocereus leucanthus N.P. Taylor
Echinocereus longisetus (Engelm.) Rümpler
Echinocereus mapimiensis E.F. Anderson, W.C. Hodgs. & P. Quirk
Echinocereus maritimus (M.E. Jones) K. Schum.
Echinocereus metornii G. Frank
Echinocereus mombergerianus G. Frank
Echinocereus nicholii (L.Benson) Parfitt
Echinocereus nivosus Glass & R.A. Foster
Echinocereus ortegae Rose
Echinocereus pacificus (Engelm. ex Orcutt) Britton & Rose
Echinocereus palmeri Britton & Rose
Echinocereus pamanesiorum A.B. Lau
Echinocereus papillosus Linke ex Rumpl.
Echinocereus parkeri N.P. Taylor
Echinocereus pectinatus (Scheidw.) Engelm.
Echinocereus pensilis (K. Brandegee) J.A. Purpus
Echinocereus pentalophus (DC.) Haage
Echinocereus polyacanthus Engelm.
Echinocereus poselgeri Lem.
Echinocereus primolanatus N.P. Taylor
Echinocereus pseudopectinatus (N.P. Taylor) N.P. Taylor
Echinocereus pulchellus (Mart.) Seitz
Echinocereus rayonesensis N.P. Taylor
Echinocereus reichenbachii (Terscheck ex Walp.) hort. ex Haage
Echinocereus rigidissimus (Engelm.) hort. ex F.Haage
Echinocereus ×roetteri (Engelm.) Engelm. ex Rümpler
Echinocereus russanthus D. Weniger
Echinocereus salm-dyckianus Scheer
Echinocereus santaritensis W. Blum & Rutow
Echinocereus scheeri (Salm-Dyck) Scheer
Echinocereus scheerii G. Frank
Echinocereus schmollii (Weing.) N.P.Taylor
Echinocereus sciurus (K. Brandegee) Dams
Echinocereus scopulorum Britton & Rose
Echinocereus spinigemmatus A.B. Lau
Echinocereus stoloniferus W.T. Marshall
Echinocereus stramineus (Engelm.) F.Seitz
Echinocereus subinermis Salm-Dyck ex Scheer
Echinocereus triglochidiatus Engelm. – King Cup Cactus, Claret Cup Cactus
Echinocereus viereckii Werderm.
Echinocereus viridiflorus Engelm. – Green Pitaya
Echinocereus websterianus G.E. Linds.

Formerly placed here

Echinopsis candicans (Gillies ex Salm-Dyck) F.A.C.Weber ex D.R.Hunt (as E. candicans (Gillies ex Salm-Dyck) Rümpler)[4]

References

"Genus: Echinocereus Engelm". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-02-13. Archived from the original on 2012-10-11. Retrieved 2011-04-10.
"Echinocereus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-04-10.
"Echinopsis (Hedgehog Cacti)". Cactus and Succulent Society of Australia. Archived from the original on 2008-07-20. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
"GRIN Species Records of Echinocereus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2011-04-10.

External links

Echinocereus on CactiGuide.com
Echinocereus Online (in German)
USDA PLANTS Profile
"Black Lace Cactus (Echinocereus reichenbachii var. albertii)". Endangered and Threatened Species. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.

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[GRIN-1] "Genus: Echinocereus Engelm". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-02-13. Archived from the original on 2012-10-11. Retrieved 2011-04-10.

[ITIS-2] "Echinocereus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-04-10.

[3] "Echinopsis (Hedgehog Cacti)". Cactus and Succulent Society of Australia. Archived from the original on 2008-07-20. Retrieved 2008-07-29.

[GRINSpecies-4] "GRIN Species Records of Echinocereus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2011-04-10.