Dikson (urban-type settlement)
Dikson (Russian: Ди́ксон, IPA: [dʲiksən]) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is a port on the Kara Sea, located on a headland at the mouth of the Yenisei Gulf (the Yenisei River estuary), on Russia's Arctic Ocean coast. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 676.[1]
Dikson
Диксон | |
|---|---|
Urban-type settlement | |
.png.webp) Flag .png.webp) Coat of arms | |
Location of Dikson 
| |
  Dikson Location of Dikson  Dikson Dikson (Krasnoyarsk Krai) | |
| Coordinates: 73°30′N 80°31′E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Krasnoyarsk Krai |
| Administrative district | Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District |
| Founded | 1915 |
| Elevation | 26 m (85 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 676 |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (MSK+4  [2]) |
| Postal code(s)[3] | 647340 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 39152 |
| OKTMO ID | 04653155051 |
| Website | dikson-taimyr |
Geography
Dikson is the northernmost port in Russia, one of the world's northernmost settlements and the northernmost settlement on the Asian continent.
It is so far north that no civil twilight appears from December 8 to January 5.
It is one of the world's most isolated settlements.
Dikson's inhabitants informally call their settlement "Capital of the Arctic", taken from a popular Soviet song.
Dikson and Dikson Island were named after Swedish Arctic pioneer Baron Oscar Dickson. Dickson, along with Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Sibiryakov, was the patron of a number of early Arctic expeditions, including Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld's Russian Arctic explorations.
Demographics
The population crashed following the demise of the Soviet Union.
| 1989[4] | 2002[5] | 2005 | 2007 | 2008 | 2010[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,449 | 1,198 | 883 | 742 | 690 | 676 |
Children under age 12 make up 20% of the population, compared to 15% nationwide.[6]
Climate
Dikson has a tundra climate (Köppen: ET) where arboreal vegetation is unknown. For a polar climate temperatures are relatively moderate, similar to coastal Antarctica. Its climate is semiarid (below 350 mm annual precipitation) but covered with ice and snow. Pitch precipitation is in dry form. Usually in these climates in the warmest month, most of the days feature temperatures below 10 °C, however in some occasions the city can have fresh summers instead of cold, with temperatures between 15 and 18 °C. For most of the year the temperatures are below freezing which results in long and rigorous winters.
Liquid precipitation is concentrated between late spring and early fall. Temperatures do not fall below −50 °C as happens in much lower latitudes due to marine moderation.[7][8] The place is known for pronounced climate change, with the highest Arctic temperatures, correlated with permafrost and marine ice pack melting.[9] It has experienced the fastest warming in recent decades.[10]
| Climate data for Dikson | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
3.6 (38.5) |
10.4 (50.7) |
22.2 (72.0) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.9 (80.4) |
18.2 (64.8) |
8.2 (46.8) |
1.9 (35.4) |
0.3 (32.5) |
26.9 (80.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −21.2 (−6.2) |
−21.8 (−7.2) |
−18.1 (−0.6) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
2.3 (36.1) |
7.9 (46.2) |
7.9 (46.2) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −24.8 (−12.6) |
−25.4 (−13.7) |
−22.1 (−7.8) |
−17.2 (1.0) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
0.3 (32.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
1.6 (34.9) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
−17.5 (0.5) |
−22.9 (−9.2) |
−11.1 (12.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −28.1 (−18.6) |
−28.8 (−19.8) |
−25.6 (−14.1) |
−20.6 (−5.1) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
2.7 (36.9) |
3.7 (38.7) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−20.8 (−5.4) |
−26.2 (−15.2) |
−13.7 (7.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −46.2 (−51.2) |
−48.1 (−54.6) |
−45.3 (−49.5) |
−38.0 (−36.4) |
−28.8 (−19.8) |
−17.3 (0.9) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−12.0 (10.4) |
−31.3 (−24.3) |
−42.8 (−45.0) |
−46.6 (−51.9) |
−48.1 (−54.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 37.4 (1.47) |
27.5 (1.08) |
23.3 (0.92) |
18.6 (0.73) |
19.8 (0.78) |
29.6 (1.17) |
38.9 (1.53) |
43.0 (1.69) |
43.3 (1.70) |
30.4 (1.20) |
22.8 (0.90) |
31.3 (1.23) |
365.9 (14.4) |
| Average rainy days | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 20 | 21 | 17 | 5 | 0.2 | 0 | 79.2 |
| Average snowy days | 21 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 24 | 16 | 4 | 3 | 15 | 27 | 23 | 20 | 210 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84 | 83 | 84 | 84 | 87 | 90 | 89 | 89 | 88 | 87 | 86 | 84 | 86 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 0.0 | 22.6 | 127.1 | 237.0 | 189.1 | 141.0 | 223.2 | 139.5 | 60.0 | 24.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1,164.3 |
| Source 1: Погода и Климат[11] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: HKO[12] | |||||||||||||
See also
References
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- Barents Observer. "The dogs protect us from polar bears".
- "Dikson, Russia Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase. Retrieved December 19, 2018.
- "The Typical Weather Anywhere on Earth - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved December 19, 2018.
- "This place on Russia's Arctic coast has most dramatic climate change". The Independent Barents Observer. Retrieved December 19, 2018.
- Staalesen, Atle; Observer, The Independent Barents (October 3, 2018). "Arctic coastal town of Dikson is fastest-warming place in Russia". Eye on the Arctic. Retrieved December 19, 2018.
- Погода и Климат – Климат Острова Диксон (in Russian). Retrieved October 3, 2009.
- "Climatological Information for Dikson, Russia". Retrieved August 31, 2011.
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