Dan language
Dan /ˈdæn/[2] is a Mande language spoken primarily in Ivory Coast (~800,000 speakers) and Liberia (150,000–200,000 speakers). There is also a population of about 800 speakers in Guinea. Dan is a tonal language, with nine tones.
| Dan | |
|---|---|
| Yacouba | |
| Region | Ivory Coast, Guinea, and Liberia. |
Native speakers | 1.6 million (2012)[1] |
Niger–Congo
| |
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:dnj – Danlda – Kla |
| Glottolog | dann1241 |
Alternative names for the language include Yacouba or Yakubasa, Gio, Gyo, Gio-Dan, and Da. Dialects are Gweetaawu (Eastern Dan), Blowo (Western Dan), and Kla. Kla is evidently a distinct language.
Writing system
The orthography of Liberia includes this alphabet:
| Dan alphabet (Liberia) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | B | Ɓ | D | Ɗ | E | Ɛ | F | G | GB | H | I | K | KP | KW | L | M | N | NW | NY | Ŋ | O | Ɔ | Ə | Ɵ | P | R | S | T | U | Ɥ | V | W | X | Y | Z |
| a | b | ɓ | d | ɗ | e | ɛ | f | g | gb | h | i | k | kp | kw | l | m | n | nw | ny | ŋ | o | ɔ | ə | ɵ | p | r | s | t | u | ɥ | v | w | x | y | z |
| IPA value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | b | ɓ | d | ɗ | e | ɛ | f | ɡ | ɡ͡b | h | i | k | k͡p | kʷ | l | m | n | ŋʷ | ɲ | ŋ | o | ɔ | ə | ɵ | p | r | s | t | u | ɯ | v | w | x | j | z |
| Dan West alphabet (Côte d'Ivoire) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | AƆ | B | BH | D | DH | E | Ɛ | Ë | ƐA | F | G | GB | GW | I | K | KP | KW | L | M | N | NG | O | Ɔ | Ö | P | R | S | T | U | Ü | V | W | Y | Z |
| a | aɔ | b | bh | d | dh | e | ɛ | ë | ɛa | f | g | gb | gw | i | k | kp | kw | l | m | n | ng | o | ɔ | ö | p | r | s | t | u | ü | v | w | y | z |
| IPA value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | ɒ | b | ɓ | d | ɗ | e | ɛ | ʌ | æ | f | ɡ | ɡ͡b | gʷ | i | k | k͡p | kʷ | l | m | n | ŋ | o | ɔ | ɤ | p | r | s | t | u | ɯ | v | w | j | z |
| Dan East alphabet (Côte d'Ivoire), 1982 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | AƆ | B | BH | D | DH | E | Ë | Ɛ | ƐA | F | G | GB | GW | H | I | Ɩ | K | KP | KW | L | M | N | O | Ö | Ɔ | P | R | S | T | U | Ü | Ʋ | Ʋ̈ | V | W | Y | Z |
| a | aɔ | b | bh | d | dh | e | ë | ɛ | ɛa | f | g | gb | gw | h | i | ɩ | k | kp | kw | l | m | n | o | ö | ɔ | p | r | s | t | u | ü | ʋ | ʋ̈ | v | w | y | z |
| IPA value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | ɒ | b | ɓ | d | ɗ | e | ʌ | ɛ | æ | f | ɡ | ɡ͡b | gʷ | h | i | ɪ | k | k͡p | kʷ | l | m | n | o | ɤ | ɔ | p | r | s | t | u | ɯ | ɯ̞ | ʉ | v | w | j | z |
| Dan East alphabet (Côte d'Ivoire), 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | Œ | B | BH | D | DH | E | Ʌ | Ɛ | Æ | F | G | GB | GW | H | I | Ɩ | K | KP | KW | L | M | N | O | ɤ | Ɔ | P | R | S | T | U | Ɯ | Ʋ | V | W | Y | Z | |
| a | œ | b | bh | d | dh | e | ʌ | ɛ | æ | f | g | gb | gw | h | i | ɩ | k | kp | kw | l | m | n | o | ɤ | ɔ | p | r | s | t | u | ɯ | ʋ | v | w | y | z | |
| IPA value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | ɒ | b | ɓ | d | ɗ | e | ʌ | ɛ | æ | f | ɡ | ɡ͡b | gʷ | h | i | ɪ | k | k͡p | kʷ | l | m | n | o | ɤ | ɔ | p | r | s | t | u | ɯ | ʊ | v | w | j | z | |
The capital ɤ is not in Unicode.[5]
Tones are marked with grave, acute, and circumflex accents. Nasalization is marked with a tilde.
References
- Dan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Kla at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) - Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
- https://scriptsource.org/cms/scripts/page.php?item_id=wrSys_detail_sym&key=dnj-Latn-CI. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - "Proposal to Encode Additional Latin and Cyrillic Characters" (PDF).
- "SIL PUA assignments 11.0".
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