Cumaribo

Cumaribo is a town and municipality located in the Department of Vichada, Republic of Colombia. Cumaribo was founded by Jose Nicolino Mattar in 1959.

Cumaribo
town
Flag
Seal
Location of Cumaribo in Vichada
Cumaribo
Location in Colombia
Coordinates: 04°26′00″N 69°48′00″W
CountryColombia
RegionOrinoquía
DepartmentVichada
Foundation1959
Government
 • MayorAldemar Gomez Gonzalez
Area
 • Total65.193 km2 (25.171 sq mi)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total23,990
 • Density370/km2 (950/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC-5
Postal code
991001
Demonymcumaribense
ClimateAm
Website
cumaribo-vichada.gov.co/
*

In 2005 the municipality had an estimated total population of 28,718 inhabitants, 4,312 of these living in the head of the municipality or urban area. The municipality has 74,000 kmª, one of the largest municipalities in Colombia.

Geography

The municipality of Cumaribo borders to the north with the other three municipalities of the Department of Vichada; La Primavera, Puerto Carreño and Santa Rosalia; to the east with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela; to the south with the Department of Guainía; and to the west with the departments of Meta and Guaviare.

Cumaribo is within the Orinoquia Region of Colombia part of the Llanos plains that cover part of Colombia and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Three quarters of the total area of the municipality of Cumaribo is savanna and the rest is covered by jungle with some small mounts including the Mount Vichada, Mount Mona, Mount Matavenia and Mount Guaripa.[1]

There are three important rivers basins within the range of the municipality; the Orinoco River, the Meta River and the Guaviare River. The Meta river flows into the Orinoco river and the Guaviare river is the main current for the Muro, Uva and Mataven rivers. There are also two main lakes within the municipality; the Lake Caimán and the Lake Sesema.[1]

Temperature is in average hot and dry between 27 °C and 30°C throughout the year.[1]

Climate

Cumaribo has a tropical monsoon climate (Am) with heavy rainfall in all months except January and February.

Climate data for Cumaribo
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 32.5
(90.5)		 32.8
(91.0)		 31.8
(89.2)		 30.1
(86.2)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.3
(82.9)		 28.1
(82.6)		 28.7
(83.7)		 29.5
(85.1)		 29.9
(85.8)		 30.2
(86.4)		 31.2
(88.2)		 30.2
(86.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 27.2
(81.0)		 27.6
(81.7)		 27.3
(81.1)		 26.4
(79.5)		 25.7
(78.3)		 25.2
(77.4)		 25.0
(77.0)		 25.3
(77.5)		 25.9
(78.6)		 26.1
(79.0)		 26.4
(79.5)		 26.8
(80.2)		 26.2
(79.2)
Average low °C (°F) 21.9
(71.4)		 22.4
(72.3)		 22.8
(73.0)		 22.7
(72.9)		 22.5
(72.5)		 22.1
(71.8)		 21.9
(71.4)		 21.9
(71.4)		 22.3
(72.1)		 22.3
(72.1)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.4
(72.3)		 22.3
(72.2)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 38.2
(1.50)		 69.9
(2.75)		 129.6
(5.10)		 278.4
(10.96)		 339.4
(13.36)		 411.3
(16.19)		 403.6
(15.89)		 297.5
(11.71)		 277.1
(10.91)		 302.7
(11.92)		 241.0
(9.49)		 132.2
(5.20)		 2,920.9
(114.98)
Average rainy days 6 7 10 18 22 23 23 21 18 18 17 12 195
Average relative humidity (%) 72 70 73 82 87 88 88 87 85 84 83 79 82
Mean monthly sunshine hours 235.6 203.2 173.6 135.0 120.9 108.0 124.0 133.3 153.0 170.5 186.0 220.1 1,963.2
Mean daily sunshine hours 7.6 7.2 5.6 4.5 3.9 3.6 4.0 4.3 5.1 5.5 6.2 7.1 5.4
Source: [2]

History

Cumaribo was officially founded by colonizers led by Jose Nicolino Mattar in 1959 but was inhabited previously by indigenous peoples such as the Guahibo.

Colombian armed conflict
See also: Colombian armed conflict

The area has been under the influence of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) guerrilla group due to the large production of coca leaves in the region and difficult access for the Military of Colombia. Tomás Medina Caracas, a prominent FARC commander in charge of the illegal drug trade for this organization was killed on 1 September 2007 in a Colombian Army military operation in eastern Colombia within the municipality of Cumaribo near the border with Venezuela.[3]

Demography

According to a census of 2001, the population at the head of the municipality was of 1055 inhabitants, 534 males, 521 females. Children between 0–14 years old was of 418 of which 206 were male and 212 female. Young adults between 15–24 years old is of 208 of which 95 were male and 113 female. Adults between the ages of 25 and 49 years old was of 358 of which 186 were male and 172 female. 49 and older were 71 people of which 47 were male and 24 female. More than half of the population were colonizers, 35% indigenous and a 15% mestizos.[4]

Indigenous reserves in Cumaribo
See also: Indigenous peoples in Colombia

The municipality of Cumaribo has some 38 indigenous reserves.[4] The indigenous are predominantly the Guahibo people, Curripaco and Piapoco peoples pertaining to the Arawak language family, and the Cuiva, Desana, puinave and Saliva peoples.[5]

  1. Santa Teresita del Tuparro*
  2. Tomo Bebery
  3. El Merey
  4. San Luis del Tomo
  5. La Esmeralda
  6. Valdivia
  7. Tsololoibo Matatu
  8. Muco Guarrojo
  9. Rawaneruba
  10. Saracure
  11. Únuma
  12. Concordia
  13. Barranco Lindo
  14. Corocora
  15. Palomas Carpintero
  16. Guaco
  17. Chocón
  18. Laguna Colorada
  19. Cali
  20. Minitas
  21. Morocoto-Buenavista-Manajuare
  22. Giro
  23. Yurí
  24. Cumaral
  25. Barranquito – Laguna Colorada
  26. Caño Bocón
  27. Laguna Anguilla – La Macarena
  28. Sejalito – San Benito
  29. Lagunas Negra y Cacao
  30. Berrocal – Ajota
  31. Matavén – Fruta
  32. Caño Zama
  33. Atana Pirariame
  34. Equa Guarracañá
  35. Bajo Vichada
  36. Aiwa Cuna Tsepajibo
  37. Caño Cavasi
  38. Guacamayas.

References
  1. (in Spanish) Municipality of Cumaribo: General Information – geography Archived 9 July 2012 at Archive.today
  2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 21 June 2020.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. (in Spanish) El Tiempo: El capo de las drogas de las Farc eltiempo.com Accessed 3 September 2007.
  4. "Luis Angel Arango Library: Diagnóstico sociolingüístico de Cumaribo, zona de contacto indígena – Colono, Vichada" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2009. Retrieved 23 March 2008.
  5. (in Spanish) Municipality of Cumaribo: General Information – demography Archived 9 July 2012 at Archive.today
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