Cucujus

Cucujus is a genus of beetles in the family Cucujidae, the flat bark beetles. It contains 19 currently recognized species and subspecies.[1][2][3][4]

Cucujus
Cucujus coccinatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Cucujidae
Genus: Cucujus
Fabricius, 1775

Description

Species of Cucujus are of moderate size (6-25mm), greatly dorso-ventrally compressed, and brightly colored, often red or red and black. Additionally, they can distinguished from other members of the family by the head being generally wider than the pronotum with prominent temples, and the elongate, inverted male genitalia with a flagellum.[5] The genus occurs throughout the Holarctic region, with indigenous species in North America, Europe, and Asia. It is most diverse in Asia.[3]

Ecology

The biology of most species in the genus is poorly known. All life stages live under dead bark, where they apparently are predacious.[6] Larvae also are dorso-ventrally compressed. Cucujus clavipes puniceus, which occurs in western North America, has been the subject of considerable research interest due to its ability to produce natural antifreeze compounds.[7][8]

Species
  • Cucujus bicolor Smith, 1851
  • Cucujus chinensis Lee & Sâto, 2007
  • Cucujus cinnaberinus Scopoli, 1763
  • Cucujus clavipes Fabricius
    • Cucujus clavipes clavipes Fabricius, 1781
    • Cucujus clavipes puniceus Mannerheim, 1843
  • Cucujus coccinatus Lewis, 1881
  • Cucujus coloniarius (Olliff, 1885) (syn. of C. bicolor?)
  • Cucujus costatus Zhao & Zhang, 2019
  • Cucujus elongatus Lee & Pütz, 2008
  • Cucujus grouvellei Reitter, 1877
  • Cucujus haematodes Erichson
    • Cucujus haematodes haematodes Erichson, 1845
    • Cucujus haematodes caucasicus Motschulsky, 1845
    • Cucujus haematodes opacus Lewis, 1888
  • Cucujus janatai Háva, Zahradník & Růžička, 2019
  • Cucujus kempi Grouvelle, 1913
  • Cucujus mniszechi Grouvelle, 1874
  • Cucujus muelleri Bussler, 2017
  • Cucujus nigripennis Lee & Sâto, 2007
  • Cucujus tulliae Bonacci, Mazzei, Horák, & Brandmayr, 2012

References
  1. Lee, C.; Pütz, A. "A new species of Cucujus Fabricius, 1775 from China and key to the east-Palaearctic species of the genus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae)". Entomologische Zeitschrift. 118 (5): 211–213. ISSN 0013-8843.
  2. Lee, C.; Satô, M. (2007). "A review of the genus Cucujus Fabricius (Insecta: Cucujoidea: Cucujidae) from Taiwan, Japan, and China, with descriptions of two new species and the larvae of Cucujus mniszechi Grouvelle" (PDF). Zoological Studies (46): 311–321.
  3. Bonacci, Teresa; Mazzei, Antonio; Horak, Jakub; Brandmayr, Pietro (2012-07-30). "Cucujus tulliae sp. n. – an endemic Mediterranean saproxylic beetle from genus Cucujus Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera, Cucujidae), and keys for identification of adults and larvae native to Europe". ZooKeys. Pensoft Publishers (212): 63–79. doi:10.3897/zookeys.212.3254. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 3428704. PMID 22933850.
  4. "Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Cucujus Fabricius (Coleoptera, Cucujidae) from China". Novataxa. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  5. Thomas, M. C.; Leschen, R. A. B. (2010). "Cucujidae Latreille, 1802". In Leschen, R. A. B.; Beutel, R. G.; Lawrence, J. F. (eds.). Handbook of Zoology. Coleoptera, Beetles Vol. 2: Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 350–354.
  6. Smith, D. B.; Sears, M. K. (1982). "Mandibular Structure and Feeding Habits of Three Morphologically Similar Coleopterous Larvae: Cucujus Clavipes (Cucujidae), Dendroides Canadensis (Pyrochroidae), and Pytho Depressus (Salpingidae)". The Canadian Entomologist. Cambridge University Press (CUP). 114 (2): 173–175. doi:10.4039/ent114173-2. ISSN 0008-347X.
  7. Carrasco, M. A.; et al. (2012). "Investigating the deep supercooling ability of an Alaskan beetle, Cucujus clavipes puniceus, via high throughput proteomics". J Proteomics. 75 (4): 1220–34. doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2011.10.034. PMID 22094879.
  8. Sformo, T.; et al. (2010-01-19). "Deep supercooling, vitrification and limited survival to -100°C in the Alaskan beetle Cucujus clavipes puniceus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) larvae". Journal of Experimental Biology. The Company of Biologists. 213 (3): 502–509. doi:10.1242/jeb.035758. ISSN 0022-0949. PMID 20086136.


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