Cryptoses choloepi

Cryptoses choloepi is a sloth moth in the snout moth family that as an adult lives exclusively in the fur of sloths, mammals found in South and Central America.[1]

Cryptoses choloepi
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Pyralidae
Genus: Cryptoses
Species:
C. choloepi
Binomial name
Cryptoses choloepi
Dyar, 1908

Adult female moths live in the fur of the brown three-toed sloth Bradypus variegatus infuscatus and leave the fur of the sloth to lay eggs in the sloth droppings when the sloth descends, once a week, to the forest floor to defecate. The larvae of Cryptoses choloepi live in the dung and newly emerged moths later fly from the dung pile into the forest canopy to find a host sloth.[2] In the early larval stages of Cryptoses, there are silken threads spun between two and three pellets, in which they form "nets" where they feed from.[3]

The relationship between Cryptoses choloepi and sloths is "phoretic rather than parasitic," because "Cryptoses benefit from being carried by the sloth to fresh dung piles, the use of the sloths as a refuge from avian predators, and the enhancement of its diet with secretions or algae." It has also been hypothesized that the presence of the moths benefits the sloth because they promote the growth of algae in the sloth's fur by depositing nitrogen thus enhancing the sloth’s ability to camouflage.[4]

See also

References
  1. Rau, P (1941). "Observations on certain lepidopterous and hymenopterous parasites of Polistes wasps". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 34 (2): 355–366(12). doi:10.1093/aesa/34.2.355.
  2. Gilmore, D. P.; Da Costa, C. P.; Duarte, D. P. F. (January 2001). "Sloth biology: an update on their physiological ecology, behavior and role as vectors of arthropods and arboviruses". Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 34 (1): 9–25. doi:10.1590/S0100-879X2001000100002. ISSN 0100-879X. PMID 11151024.
  3. Waage, J. K.; Montgomery, G. G. (1976-07-09). "Cryptoses choloepi: A coprophagous moth that lives on a sloth". Science. 193 (4248): 157–158. doi:10.1126/science.193.4248.157. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17759254. S2CID 32766454.
  4. Vincent, James (January 24, 2014). "Sloth mystery solved: How moths and algae shape this unusual creature's toilet habits". Independent. Retrieved May 5, 2020.


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