Cremastosperma

Cremastosperma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Annonaceae, subfamily Malmeoideae, tribe Malmeae.[1] In 2018 there were 34 recognised species distributed in Central and South America.[2]

Cremastosperma
Flowering branch of Cremastosperma yamayakatense, from Amazonas, Peru
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Cremastosperma
R.E.Fr.

Cremastosperma was described by Robert Elias Fries in 1930,[3] based on Aberemoa pedunculata Diels, originally described by Ludwig Diels (1906),[4] which thus became the type species Cremastosperma pedunculatum (Diels) R.E.Fr..

Species of Cremastosperma are found in lowland to pre-montane tropical forest in the Neotropics.[5] The greatest species diversity is distributed in the narrow tropical zone to the west of the Andean mountain chain on the Pacific Ocean side of north-western South America, north into Central America[6] as far as Costa Rica;[2] and on the eastern side of the Andes extending from Colombia through eastern Ecuador and Peru as far south as Bolivia. Two species are found in coastal Venezuela (Cremastosperma macrocarpum Maas and Cremastosperma venezuelanum Pirie),[7] and one in French Guiana (Cremastosperma brevipes (DC.) R.E.Fr.).

Description

Cremastosperma species are small understory trees with typical Annonaceae floral morphology (sepals and petals in whorls of three; indefinite numbers of spirally arranged stamens and carpels) bearing a resemblance to various other Neotropical genera with apocarpous, single-seeded, stipitate fruits (such as Guatteria). The most useful character by which they can be distinguished from these and other similar Neotropical Annonaceae is displayed by the midrib of the leaves, which is raised on the upper side with an unusual, mostly conspicuous, longitudinal groove.

Recognised species:

  • Cremastosperma alticola Pirie & Chatrou
  • Cremastosperma antioquense Pirie
  • Cremastosperma awaense Pirie
  • Cremastosperma brachypodum Pirie & Chatrou
  • Cremastosperma brevipes (DC.) R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma bullatum Pirie
  • Cremastosperma cauliflorum R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma cenepense Pirie & Zapata
  • Cremastosperma chococola Pirie
  • Cremastosperma confusum Pirie
  • Cremastosperma dolichocarpum Pirie
  • Cremastosperma dolichopodum Pirie & Maas
  • Cremastosperma gracilipes R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma leiophyllum R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma longicuspe R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma longipes Pirie
  • Cremastosperma macrocarpum Maas
  • Cremastosperma magdalenae Pirie
  • Cremastosperma megalophyllum R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma microcarpum R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma monospermum (Rusby) R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma napoense Pirie
  • Cremastosperma novogranatense R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma oblongum R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma osicola Pirie & Chatrou
  • Cremastosperma pacificum R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma panamense Maas
  • Cremastosperma pedunculatum (Diels) R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma pendulum (Ruiz & Pav.) R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma peruvianum R.E.Fr.
  • Cremastosperma stenophyllum Pirie
  • Cremastosperma venezuelanum Pirie
  • Cremastosperma westrae Pirie
  • Cremastosperma yamayakatense Pirie

References
  1. Chatrou, L. W.; M. D. Pirie; R. H. J. Erkens; T. L. P. Couvreur; K. M. Neubig; J. R. Abbott; J. B. Mols; P. J. M. Maas; R. M. K. Saunders; M. W. Chase (2012). "A new subfamilial and tribal classification of the pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae informed by molecular phylogenetics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 169: S. 4–50. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2012.01235.x.
  2. Pirie, Michael D.; Chatrou, Lars W.; Maas, Paul J. M. (2018). "A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species". PhytoKeys. 112: 1–141. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897. ISSN 1314-2003.
  3. Fries, R.E. (1930). "Revision der Arten einiger Anonaceen-Gattungen I.". Acta Horti Bergiani. 10: 1–128.
  4. Diels, L. (1906). "Annonaceae andinae". Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 408–410.
  5. Pirie, Michael D.; Maas, Paul J. M.; Wilschut, Rutger A.; Melchers-Sharrott, Heleen; Chatrou, Lars W. (2018). "Parallel diversifications of Cremastosperma and Mosannona (Annonaceae), tropical rainforest trees tracking Neogene upheaval of South America". Royal Society Open Science. 5 (1): 171561. doi:10.1098/rsos.171561. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 5792937. PMID 29410860.
  6. Pirie, M. D. (2005). "New Species of Cremastosperma (Annonaceae) from Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama". Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 50 (1): 41–60. doi:10.3767/000651905X623274. ISSN 0006-5196.
  7. Chatrou, L. W.; M. D. Pirie (2005). "Three New Rarely Collected or Endangered Species of Annonaceae from Venezuela". Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 50 (1): 33–40. doi:10.3767/000651905X623265. ISSN 0006-5196.
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