Clearwater County, Idaho

Clearwater County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 census, the population was 8,761.[1] The county seat is Orofino.[2] Established in 1911, the county was named after the Clearwater River.

Clearwater County
U.S. county
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Idaho
Idaho's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 46°40′N 115°40′W
Country United States
State Idaho
FoundedFebruary 27, 1911
Named forClearwater River
SeatOrofino
Largest cityOrofino
Area
 • Total2,488 sq mi (6,440 km2)
 • Land2,457 sq mi (6,360 km2)
 • Water31 sq mi (80 km2)  1.2%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total8,761
 • Estimate 
(2018)
8,758
 • Density3.5/sq mi (1.4/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (PDT)
Congressional district1st
Websitewww.clearwatercounty.org

The county is home to North Fork of the Clearwater River, and a small portion of the South Fork and the main Clearwater. Also in the county are the Dworshak Reservoir, Dworshak State Park, Dworshak National Fish Hatchery, and the Dworshak Dam, third highest in the U.S. The modest Bald Mountain ski area is located between Orofino and Pierce.

History

The Clearwater River and Lolo Pass, in the southeast corner of the county, were made famous by the exploration of Lewis and Clark in the early 19th century. Following an arduous trek through the Bitterroot Mountains, suffering through a mid-September snowstorm and near starvation, the Corps of Discovery expedition camped with the Nez Perce tribe on the Weippe Prairie outside of present-day Weippe in 1805. With the assistance of the Nez Perce, the expedition recuperated and constructed burned-out canoes at Canoe Camp in October 1805 and then paddled down the Clearwater, Snake, and Columbia rivers and met the Pacific Ocean a month later at present-day Astoria, Oregon.

Elias D. Pierce and Wilbur F. Bassett made the first discovery of gold in Idaho, on Orofino Creek (Canal Gulch) in 1860, 1 mile (2 km) north of present-day Pierce.

Until 1904, Clearwater County was part of Shoshone County to the north. It was annexed by Nez Perce County for several years and then was established as a new county in 1911.[3] The original county seat of Shoshone County was Pierce, in today's Clearwater County. It was the first gold rush area of present-day Idaho (then Washington Territory) in 1860 and was made the county seat of a vast Shoshone County in 1861, two years prior to the establishment of the Idaho Territory. When the Silver Valley population rose dramatically in the 1880s, the seat was moved to Murray in 1884 (and to Wallace in 1898) to better serve the majority of the county's population. The population of the southern area increased with homesteading in the Weippe area in the late 1890s. The vast distance and time required for travel to Wallace from the Clearwater River area prompted the move of the southern portion to Nez Perce County.

Geography
Elk Creek Falls

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,488 square miles (6,440 km2), of which 2,457 square miles (6,360 km2) is land and 31 square miles (80 km2) (1.2%) is water.[4] It is part of the Palouse, a wide and rolling prairie-like region of the middle Columbia basin.

Adjacent counties

Major highways

National protected areas

Ski area

Government and infrastructure

The Idaho Department of Correction operates the Idaho Correctional Institution-Orofino in Orofino.[5][6]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
19204,993—
19306,59932.2%
19408,24324.9%
19508,217−0.3%
19608,5484.0%
197010,87127.2%
198010,390−4.4%
19908,505−18.1%
20008,9305.0%
20108,761−1.9%
2018 (est.)8,758[7]0.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[8]
1790–1960[9] 1900–1990[10]
1990–2000[11] 2010–2018[1]

2000 census

As of the census[12] of 2000, there were 8,930 people, 3,456 households, and 2,481 families living in the county. The population density was 3.6 people per square mile (1.5/km2). There were 4,144 housing units at an average density of 2 per square mile (1/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 94.82% White, 0.15% Black or African American, 2.03% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.63% from other races, and 1.96% from two or more races. 1.85% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 24.0% were of German, 14.0% English, 11.7% Irish and 10.5% American ancestry.

There were 3,456 households, out of which 28.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.50% were married couples living together, 6.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.20% were non-families. 24.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.00% under the age of 18, 5.90% from 18 to 24, 26.30% from 25 to 44, 29.20% from 45 to 64, and 15.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 113.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 115.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $32,071, and the median income for a family was $37,259. Males had a median income of $31,426 versus $21,694 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,463. About 9.70% of families and 13.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.90% of those under age 18 and 8.20% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 8,761 people, 3,660 households, and 2,397 families living in the county.[13] The population density was 3.6 inhabitants per square mile (1.4/km2). There were 4,453 housing units at an average density of 1.8 per square mile (0.69/km2).[14] The racial makeup of the county was 93.9% white, 2.2% American Indian, 0.7% Asian, 0.2% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 0.8% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.1% of the population.[13] In terms of ancestry, 29.3% were German, 17.8% were Irish, 13.8% were English, 6.7% were American, and 6.2% were Norwegian.[15]

Of the 3,660 households, 22.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.7% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.5% were non-families, and 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.71. The median age was 49.0 years.[13]

The median income for a household in the county was $41,835 and the median income for a family was $46,415. Males had a median income of $42,568 versus $30,048 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,507. About 9.0% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.7% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.[16]

Communities

Cities

Unincorporated communities

Ghost town

Politics
Presidential elections results
Previous presidential elections results[17]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 78.1% 3,453 19.9% 877 2.0% 89
2016 75.0% 2,852 18.5% 704 6.4% 245
2012 68.8% 2,541 27.9% 1,032 3.3% 123
2008 65.8% 2,569 31.0% 1,211 3.2% 126
2004 70.4% 2,839 27.7% 1,117 1.9% 78
2000 74.1% 2,885 21.6% 841 4.4% 170
1996 42.7% 1,658 38.8% 1,507 18.5% 718
1992 30.9% 1,152 38.4% 1,433 30.7% 1,147
1988 45.9% 1,659 51.5% 1,861 2.7% 97
1984 56.6% 2,176 41.8% 1,608 1.7% 64
1980 50.5% 2,178 39.4% 1,699 10.1% 437
1976 44.0% 1,469 52.5% 1,752 3.5% 117
1972 50.7% 1,590 45.0% 1,412 4.3% 136
1968 37.1% 1,287 53.0% 1,838 9.9% 343
1964 23.9% 767 76.1% 2,446
1960 33.1% 1,193 66.9% 2,407
1956 42.7% 1,508 57.3% 2,024
1952 44.9% 1,494 54.9% 1,826 0.2% 7
1948 32.2% 820 61.6% 1,571 6.2% 158
1944 32.9% 865 66.4% 1,744 0.7% 17
1940 32.9% 1,128 66.6% 2,284 0.5% 17
1936 27.8% 812 67.0% 1,959 5.3% 155
1932 32.2% 822 66.6% 1,699 1.3% 32
1928 57.6% 1,195 41.1% 852 1.3% 27
1924 47.5% 946 36.4% 725 16.2% 322
1920 66.2% 947 33.7% 482 0.1% 1
1916 47.4% 839 38.3% 678 14.3% 254
1912 23.7% 373 34.9% 549 41.4% 651[18]

See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. "Clearwater County, Idaho|History". www.clearwatercounty.org. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
  4. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  5. "Locations." Idaho Department of Correction. Retrieved on June 4, 2011. "Idaho Correctional Institution-Orofino (ICIO) 381 West Hospital Drive Orofino ID 83544 "
  6. "Orofino city, Idaho Archived November 24, 2011, at the Wayback Machine." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on June 4, 2011.
  7. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved September 7, 2019.
  8. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
  9. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
  10. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
  11. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
  12. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  13. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
  14. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
  15. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
  16. "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
  17. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
  18. The leading "other" candidate, Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, received 345 votes while Socialist candidate Eugene Debs received 284 votes and Prohibition candidate Eugene Chafin 22 votes.

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