Cephalodiscus
Cephalodiscus is a genus of hemichordates in the monotypic family Cephalodiscidae of the order Cephalodiscida.
| Cephalodiscus | |
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| Cephalodiscus dodecalophus | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Family: | Harmer, 1905 |
| Genus: | Cephalodiscus M'Intosh, 1882[1] |
| Type species | |
| Cephalodiscus dodecalophus McIntosh 1882 | |
| Species | |
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See text | |
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Description
Unlike Rhabdopleura, Cephalodiscus species do not form large colonies and are only pseudocolonial. Cephalodiscus zooids are also more mobile than their Rhabdopleura counterparts, and are able to move around within tubaria. Cephalodiscus zooids can be produced via asexual budding. There are a few pairs of tentacled arms, whereas Rhabdopleura has only one pair of arms.[2]
Species
19 living species of Cephalodiscus have been described:[3]
- Cephalodiscus agglutinans Harmer & Ridewood, 1914
- Cephalodiscus atlanticus Bayer, 1962
- Cephalodiscus australiensis Johnston & Muirhead, 1951
- Cephalodiscus calciformis Emig, 1977
- Cephalodiscus densus Andersson 1907 [Cephalodiscus rarus Andersson, 1907; Cephalodiscus anderssoni Gravier 1912]
- Cephalodiscus dodecalophus McIntosh 1882
- Cephalodiscus evansi Ridewood
- Cephalodiscus fumosus John, 1932
- Cephalodiscus gilchristi Ridewood, 1908
- Cephalodiscus gracilis Harmer 1905
- Cephalodiscus graptolitoides Dilly 1993
- Cephalodiscus hodgsoni Ridewood, 1907 [Cephalodiscus aequatus Andersson 1907; Cephalodiscus inaequatus Andersson 1907]
- Cephalodiscus indicus Schepotieff 1909
- Cephalodiscus kempi John, 1932
- Cephalodiscus levinsoni Harmer 1905
- Cephalodiscus nigrescens Lankester 1905
- Cephalodiscus planitectus Miyamoto, Nishikawa and Namikawa, 2020
- Cephalodiscus sibogae Harmer 1905
- Cephalodiscus solidus Andersson, 1907
Cephalodiscus planitectus is the most recently discovered species. It was described in 2020 from specimens found in Sagami Bay off the southern coast of Honshu, Japan.[4]
Extinct species include:
- †Cephalodiscus lutetianus Abrard, Dollfus & Soyer 1950
- †Cephalodiscus nusplingensis Schweigert & Dietl 2013
References
- M'Intosh W (1882) Preliminary notice of Cephalodiscus, a new type allied to Prof. Allman's Rhabdopleura dredged in H.M.S. 'Challenger.'. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 10: 337-348
- Maletz, Jörg (2017). Graptolite Paleobiology. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 9781118515617.
- "Cephalodiscus". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species.
- Miyamoto N, Nishikawa T, Namikawa H (February 2020). "Cephalodiscus planitectus sp. nov. (Hemichordata: Pterobranchia) from Sagami Bay, Japan". Zoological Science. 37 (1): 79–90. doi:10.2108/zs190010. PMID 32068377. Retrieved 2020-09-17.
External links
Data related to Cephalodiscus at Wikispecies- "Cephalodiscus". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species.
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