Borrelia recurrentis

Borrelia recurrentis
	Photomicrographic view of a culture specimen showing Borrelia recurrentis bacteria
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Spirochaetes
Order:	Spirochaetales
Family:	Spirochaetaceae
Genus:	Borrelia
Species:	B. recurrentis
Binomial name
	Borrelia recurrentis; (Lebert, 1874) Bergey et al., 1925

Borrelia recurrentis is a species of Borrelia, a spirochaete bacterium associated with relapsing fever.[1][2] B. recurrentis is usually transmitted from person to person by the human body louse.[3] Since the 1800s, the body louse has been known as its only known vector.[4]

B. recurrentis DNA was found in 23% of head lice from patients with louse-borne relapsing fever in Ethiopia. Whether head lice can transmit these bacteria from one person to another remains to be determined.[4]

It is notable for its ability to alter the proteins expressed on its surface, which causes the "relapsing" characteristic of relapsing fever.[5]

References

Cutler SJ, Moss J, Fukunaga M, Wright DJ, Fekade D, Warrell D (October 1997). "Borrelia recurrentis characterization and comparison with relapsing-fever, Lyme-associated, and other Borrelia spp". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 47 (4): 958–68. doi:10.1099/00207713-47-4-958. PMID 9336893.
Meri T, Cutler SJ, Blom AM, Meri S, Jokiranta TS (July 2006). "Relapsing fever spirochetes Borrelia recurrentis and B. duttonii acquire complement regulators C4b-binding protein and factor H". Infection and Immunity. 74 (7): 4157–63. doi:10.1128/IAI.00007-06. PMC 1489703. PMID 16790790.
Madigan, Michael T.; Martinko, John M. (2006). Brock biology of microorganisms. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. p. 410. ISBN 0-13-144329-1.
Boutellis, A; Mediannikov, O; Bilcha, KD; Ali, J; Campelo, D; Barker, SC; et al. (2013). "Borrelia recurrentis in head lice, Ethiopia". Emerg Infect Dis. 19 (5): 796–798. doi:10.3201/eid1905.121480. PMC 3647509. PMID 23648147.
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Strohl, William A.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated reviews, microbiology. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 166. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9.

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[pmid9336893-1] Cutler SJ, Moss J, Fukunaga M, Wright DJ, Fekade D, Warrell D (October 1997). "Borrelia recurrentis characterization and comparison with relapsing-fever, Lyme-associated, and other Borrelia spp". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 47 (4): 958–68. doi:10.1099/00207713-47-4-958. PMID 9336893.

[pmid16790790-2] Meri T, Cutler SJ, Blom AM, Meri S, Jokiranta TS (July 2006). "Relapsing fever spirochetes Borrelia recurrentis and B. duttonii acquire complement regulators C4b-binding protein and factor H". Infection and Immunity. 74 (7): 4157–63. doi:10.1128/IAI.00007-06. PMC 1489703. PMID 16790790.

[isbn0-13-144329-1-3] Madigan, Michael T.; Martinko, John M. (2006). Brock biology of microorganisms. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. p. 410. ISBN 0-13-144329-1.

[ReferenceA-4] Boutellis, A; Mediannikov, O; Bilcha, KD; Ali, J; Campelo, D; Barker, SC; et al. (2013). "Borrelia recurrentis in head lice, Ethiopia". Emerg Infect Dis. 19 (5): 796–798. doi:10.3201/eid1905.121480. PMC 3647509. PMID 23648147.

[isbn0-7817-8215-5-5] Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Strohl, William A.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated reviews, microbiology. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 166. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9.