Bion No.11

Bion 11 was a Russian space mission that was part of the Bion series of space flights. Scientists from France, Russia and United States conducted the experiments.

Bion 11
Mission typeBioscience
OperatorInstitute of Biomedical Problems
COSPAR ID1996-073A
SATCAT no.24701
Mission duration14 days
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeBion
BusZenit
ManufacturerTsSKB Progress
Launch mass5,400 kilograms (11,900 lb)[1]
Start of mission
Launch date24 December 1996, 13:50:00 (1996-12-24UTC13:50Z) UTC
RocketSoyuz 11A511U
Launch sitePlesetsk 43/4
End of mission
Landing date7 January 1997, 05:02 (1997-01-07UTC05:03Z) UTC
Landing siteKustani, Kazakhstan
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth
Eccentricity0.0115737[2]
Perigee altitude217 kilometres (135 mi)
Apogee altitude372 kilometres (231 mi)
Inclination62.8°
Period90.5 minutes
RAAN198.8518 degrees
Argument of perigee109.1102 degrees
Mean anomaly252.3079 degrees
Mean motion15.92753966
Epoch7 January 1997, 00:06:55 UTC
Revolution no.214
 

Mission

It carried newts, snails, Drosophila flies and other insects, bacteria, and two macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta), Lapik and Multik. Both monkeys were safe at landing but Multik died of a heart attack during medical tests under general anaesthetic on 8 January 1997.

The Magee-8 scientific equipment was designed to study the basic features of electrostatic modular protection system. Other equipment was used to maintain the temperature and humidity within the specified range, the atmospheric regeneration, physiological parameters of the monkeys were recorded and transferred them to the ground in TV picture.

A similar mission "Bion-12" was scheduled for December 1998 but did not take place due to cessation of participation of the United States.

Details
  • Launch date: 24 December 1996.
  • Launch Site: Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia.
  • Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U.
  • Perigee: 225 kilometres (140 mi).
  • Apogee: 401 kilometres (249 mi)
  • Inclination: 62.8 deg.
  • Duration: 14.00 days.
  • Propulsion: 11D82M

See also

References
  1. Mark Wade. Bion Archived 2 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
  2. Chris Peat. BION 11. Heavens Above. Retrieved 2016-06-18.


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