Biomphalaria straminea

Biomphalaria straminea is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

Biomphalaria straminea
Shells of Biomphalaria straminea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
(unranked):
clade Heterobranchia
clade Euthyneura
clade Panpulmonata
clade Hygrophila
Superfamily:
Planorboidea
Family:
Planorbidae
Subfamily:
Planorbinae
Tribe:
Biomphalariini
Genus:
Biomphalaria
Species:
B. straminea
Binomial name
Biomphalaria straminea
(Dunker, 1848)
Synonyms

Planorbis stramineus

This snail is a medically important pest,[1] because an intermediate host for the parasite Schistosoma mansoni and a vector of schistosomiasis.[2]

The history of these discoveries was summarized by Paraense (2001).[3]

The shell of this species, like all planorbids is sinistral in coiling, but is carried upside down and thus appears to be dextral.

Distribution

Biomphalaria glabrata is a Neotropical[1] species. It occurs in:

This species has recently expanded its native range.[1] As an introduced species, it occurs in:

Phylogeny

A cladogram showing phylogenic relations of species in the genus Biomphalaria:[6]

Biomphalaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Biomphalaria stanleyi

 
 

Biomphalaria pfeifferi

 
 
 

Biomphalaria camerunensis

 
 
Nilotic species complex
 
 
 

Biomphalaria sudanica

 
 

Biomphalaria choanomphala

 
 
 

Biomphalaria alexandrina

 
 
 

Biomphalaria smithi

 
 
 
 

Biomphalaria glabrata

 
 
 
 
 
Biomphalaria straminea complex
 
 

Biomphalaria kuhniana

 
 

Biomphalaria straminea

 
 
 
 

Biomphalaria straminea

 
 

Biomphalaria intermedia

 
 
 
 
 

Biomphalaria amazonica

 
 

Biomphalaria sp.

 
 
 
 
 

Biomphalaria tenagophila

 
 

Biomphalaria occidentalis

 
 
 
 
 
 

Biomphalaria prona

 
 

Biomphalaria andecola

 
 
 

Biomphalaria sp. (? Biomphalaria havanensis)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Biomphalaria sp. (? Biomphalaria havanensis)

 
 

Biomphalaria temascalensis

 
 
 

Biomphalaria obstructa

 
 
 
 

Biomphalaria helophila

 
 
 

Biomphalaria peregrina

 
 
 

Biomphalaria schrammi

 
 

Parasites

Biomphalaria straminea is an intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni and a vector of intestinal schistosomiasis. Schistosoma mansoni came to Neotropics from Africa in context of the slave trade.[6] Schistosoma mansoni was not able to infect Biomphalaria straminea previously and it has adapted to this host.[6]

References
  1. Pointier JP, David P, Jarne P (September 2005). "Biological invasions: the case of planorbid snails". Journal of Helminthology. 79 (3): 249–56. doi:10.1079/JOH2005292. PMID 16153319.
  2. Borda CE, Rea MJ (March 2007). "Biomphalaria tenagophila potencial vector of Schistosoma mansoni in the Paraná River basin (Argentina and Paraguay)" (PDF). Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 102 (2): 191–195. doi:10.1590/s0074-02762007005000022. PMID 17426884.
  3. Paraense WL (2001). "The Schistosome Vectors in the Americas". Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 96 (supplement): 7–16. doi:10.1590/S0074-02762001000900002. PMID 11586421. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011.
  4. Pointier JP (1993). "The introduction of Melanoides tuberculata (Mollusca: Thiaridae) to the island of Saint Lucia (West Indies) and its role in the decline of Biomphalaria glabrata, the snail intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni". Acta Tropica. 54 (1): 13–18. doi:10.1016/0001-706x(93)90064-i. PMID 8103624.
  5. Meier-Brook C (1974). "A snail intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni introduced into Hong Kong". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 51 (6): 661. PMC 2366262. PMID 4549615.
  6. DeJong RJ, Morgan JA, Paraense WL, Pointier JP, Amarista M, Ayeh-Kumi PF, et al. (December 2001). "Evolutionary relationships and biogeography of Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) with implications regarding its role as host of the human bloodfluke, Schistosoma mansoni". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 18 (12): 2225–39. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003769. PMID 11719572.

Further reading
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