Beringovsky (inhabited locality)
Beringovsky (Russian: Бе́ринговский; Chukchi: Гачгатагын) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Anadyrsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, and a port on the Bering Sea. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,401.[2]
Beringovsky
Беринговский | |
|---|---|
Urban-type settlement[1] | |
 Aerial winter view of Beringovsky | |
Location of Beringovsky 
| |
  Beringovsky Location of Beringovsky  Beringovsky Beringovsky (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug) | |
| Coordinates: 63°02′59″N 179°18′36″E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug[1] |
| Administrative district | Anadyrsky District[1] |
| Founded | 1957 |
| Elevation | 1 m (3 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 1,401 |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 759 (−45.8%) |
| • Municipal district | Anadyrsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Beringovsky Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Beringovsky Urban Settlement[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+12 (MSK+9 [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 689100 |
| OKTMO ID | 77603159051 |
History
In 1826, Ugolnaya Bay (lit. coal bay), upon which Beringovsky stands, was first entered by the Russian sloop Senyavin commanded by Fyodor Litke on a mission to map and explore the coast of the Bering Sea.[7] In 1886, an expedition led by Captain A. A. Ostolopov on the clipper Strelok discovered thick layers of coal here.[7] This coal was later used to power the visiting vessels and is the reason why the bay is so named.[7] Geological studies for industrial development of this field began in 1933–1934 by the All-Union Arctic Institute, followed by and exploratory expedition by the Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route (Glavsevmorput). Following the discovery of coal, the first settlement was established here to serve the new Bukhtugol mine.[7] In April 1957, Beringovsky District was created within Chukotka National Okrug with the administrative center in the settlement of Ugolny.[7] Due to the establishment of Beringovsky District, Ugolny was renamed Beringovsky in 1966.[7] In 1975, the settlement was moved to a place called Nagorny, which was then renamed Beringovsky to provide continuity for the administrative center.[7] In the late 1990s, Beringovsky had a population of around 3,000 when all heating, water and electricity failed, creating an extremely serious situation in such a remote location. This problem was then further exacerbated by then-Governor Nazarov banning all outside reporters and researchers, both from Moscow and abroad from visiting the area as well as censoring outgoing mail and telegrams from the community.[8] Following this incident, sources report that by 2002, under a program of resettlement designed by Roman Abramovich and run by Regionstroy—a private company established by the Okrug administration—nearly the whole of the population of Beringovsky had been resettled by late 2002.[9] However, this does not seem to tally with the official census results for 2002. Thompson estimates the population of Beringovsky in the late 1990s as being around 3,000;[9] however, 2002 Census results give a population of just under 2,000.[10] Further confusion is added as Thompson specifically refers to Beringovsky as being "in the process of official liquidation".[9] However, to date Beringovsky has neither been liquidated nor is it in the process of liquidation and is included in all the relevant legal documentation as an extant settlement on both municipal[4] and administrative[1] levels.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Beringovsky is directly subordinated to Anadyrsky District.[1] As a municipal division, the urban-type settlement of Beringovsky is incorporated within Anadyrsky Municipal District as Beringovsky Urban Settlement.[4]
Economy
The economy of the settlement has traditionally been dominated by coal mining[9] and the majority of the current residents are involved either in the mining itself or the administrative side of the mining business. As a result of this, the indigenous proportion of the population is comparatively low compared to other settlements in the autonomous okrug, numbering around 350 as of 2006.[7]
Transportation
Beringovsky has got the Beringovsky Airport.
There is a sea port at Beringovsky, mainly used for the coal mined.
Beringovsky is not connected to any other inhabited locality by permanent roads.
Demographics
| 1959 Census | 1970 Census | 1979 Census | 1989 Census | 2002 Census | 2010 Census | 2014 est. | 2015 est. | 2016 est. | 2017 est. | 2018 est. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,788 | 2,173[11] | 2,952[12] | 3,044[13] | 1,998[10] | 1,401[2] | 1,003[14] | 983[15] | 837[16] | 755 [17] | 759 [18] |
Culture
Like Uelen to the northeast, Beringovsky is well known as being a center for indigenous art, particularly whale bone carving.[7]
The Bering dialect of the Aleut language is not directly connected with this settlement, though both the dialect's and the settlement's name are derived from Vitus Bering.
Climate
Beringovsky has a tundra climate (Köppen ET) with very cold, long winters and short, cool and damp summers.
| Climate data for Beringovsky (1959–2012) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 0.4 (32.7) |
1.9 (35.4) |
5.3 (41.5) |
4.6 (40.3) |
10.7 (51.3) |
22.8 (73.0) |
27.4 (81.3) |
27.5 (81.5) |
17.2 (63.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
5.4 (41.7) |
10.3 (50.5) |
27.5 (81.5) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −13.0 (8.6) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
0.9 (33.6) |
9.0 (48.2) |
13.5 (56.3) |
12.3 (54.1) |
7.1 (44.8) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −16.0 (3.2) |
−17.5 (0.5) |
−16.2 (2.8) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
5.3 (41.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
9.0 (48.2) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−14.1 (6.6) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −18.9 (−2.0) |
−20.4 (−4.7) |
−18.9 (−2.0) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
2.5 (36.5) |
6.6 (43.9) |
6.7 (44.1) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−17.2 (1.0) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −36.6 (−33.9) |
−43.5 (−46.3) |
−36.5 (−33.7) |
−31.5 (−24.7) |
−22.1 (−7.8) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−20.5 (−4.9) |
−29.0 (−20.2) |
−35.2 (−31.4) |
−43.5 (−46.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 47.3 (1.86) |
32.8 (1.29) |
27.1 (1.07) |
25.2 (0.99) |
25.4 (1.00) |
25.0 (0.98) |
41.6 (1.64) |
69.2 (2.72) |
55.2 (2.17) |
54.1 (2.13) |
62.8 (2.47) |
62.8 (2.47) |
528.5 (20.79) |
| Source: climatebase.ru | |||||||||||||
References
Notes
- Directive #517-rp
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- Law #148-OZ
- "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- Fute, p. 96
- Thompson, Administrative Resettlement and the Pursuit of Economy: The Case of Chukotka, p. 281
- Thompson, Migration and Resettlement in Chukotka: A Research Note, pp. 73–81
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- Перепись населения СССР 1970 года 1970 Census of the Soviet Union Archived March 23, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г. Национальный состав населения по регионам России" [All Union Population Census of 1979. Ethnic composition of the population by regions of Russia] (XLS). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 года [All-Union Population Census of 1979] (in Russian). 1979 – via Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics.
- "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность постоянного населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2014 года Archived April 13, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность постоянного населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2015 года (in Russian)
- Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность постоянного населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2016 года Archived August 16, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- Office of the Federal State Statistics Service for Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Численность населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2017 года (in Russian)
- Office of the Federal State Statistics Service for Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Численность населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года Archived August 31, 2019, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
Sources
- Правительство Чукотского автономного округа. Распоряжение №517-рп от 30 декабря 2008 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных и территориальных образований Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Распоряжения №323-рп от 27 июня 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в Распоряжение Правительства Чукотского автономного округа от 30 декабря 2008 года №517-рп». Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс". (Government of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Directive #517-rp of December 30, 2008 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Formations of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Directive #323-rp of June 27, 2011 On Amending the Government of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Directive No. 517-rp of December 30, 2008. ).
- Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №148-ОЗ от 24 ноября 2008 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Анадырского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №24-ОЗ от 1 апреля 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в Приложение 2 к Закону Чукотского автономного округа "О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Анадырского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №46/1 (373/1), 28 ноября 2008 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #148-OZ of November 24, 2008 On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Anadyrsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #24-OZ of April 1, 2011 On Amending Appendix 2 of the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Anadyrsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication date.).
- N. Thompson Administrative Resettlement and the Pursuit of Economy: The Case of Chukotka,
- N. Thompson. Migration and Resettlement in Chukotka: A Research Note Eurasian Geography and Economics, Volume 45, Number 1, January–February 2004.
- McKnight, Tom L; Hess, Darrel (2000). "Climate Zones and Types". Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-020263-5.
- Petit Futé, Chukotka