Bereg County

Bereg (Rusyn: Береґ; German: Berg) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now mostly in western Ukraine and less in northeastern Hungary. The capital of the county was Beregszász ("Berehove" in Ukrainian, Berehovo in Rusyn, Bergsaß in German, Beregovo in Russian, Bereg in Romanian).

Bereg County
Comitatus Bereghiensis  (Latin)
Bereg vármegye  (Hungarian)
Komitat Bereg  (German)
Жупа Берег  (Rusyn)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(13th century-1544)
County of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
(1544-1570)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(1570-1621)
County of the Principality of Transylvania
(1621-1629)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(1629-1645)
County of the Principality of Transylvania
(1645-1648)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(1648-1923, 1940-1945)
Coat of arms

CapitalMunkács;
Beregszász (1867-1920);
Tarpa (1920-1923)
Area
 • Coordinates48°12′N 22°39′E
 
• 1910
3,786 km2 (1,462 sq mi)
Population 
• 1910
236611
History 
• Established
13th century
• Treaty of Trianon
4 June 1920
• Merged into Szatmár-Ugocsa-Bereg County
1923
• Merged into Bereg-Ugocsa County (First Vienna Award)
2 November 1938
• County recreated (Second Vienna Award)
30 August 1940
• Disestablished
1945
Today part of Ukraine
(3,327 km2)
 Hungary
(459 km2)
Mukachevo; Berehove is the current name of the capital.

Geography
Map of Bereg, 1891.

Bereg county shared borders with the Austrian crownland Galicia (now in Poland and Ukraine) and the Hungarian counties Máramaros, Ugocsa, Szatmár, Szabolcs and Ung. It was situated between the Carpathian Mountains in the north and the river Tisza in the south. Its area was 3788 km² around 1910.

History

Bereg is one of the oldest counties in Hungary. In 1920 the Treaty of Trianon assigned most of the territory to Czechoslovakia. The southwestern part remained in Hungary and the county of Szatmár-Ugocsa-Bereg was created in 1923.

Following the First Vienna Award Szatmár County was recreated, thus Bereg-Ugocsa county was created with Beregszász as capital. In 1939, after the breakup of Czechoslovakia the complete county was occupied and annexed by Hungary, however the redeemed territories of the former county remained separate as the administrative branch offices of Bereg.

After the Second Vienna Award, the county was recreated again.

After World War II, the most of the territory of Bereg county became part of the Soviet Union, Ukrainian SSR, Zakarpattia Oblast. The remainder was merged into the newly formed Szatmár-Bereg County. In 1950 it became part of Szabolcs-Szatmár County, which was renamed in 1990 to Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg.

Since 1991, when the Soviet Union split up, the Zakarpattya region is part of Ukraine.

Demographics

1900

In 1900, the county had a population of 208,589 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[1]

Total:

According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[2]

Total:

1910
Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).

In 1910, the county had a population of 236,611 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[3]

Total:

According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[4]

Total:

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Bereg county were:

Districts (járás)
DistrictCapital
AlsóvereckeAlsóverecke, (Ukrainian: Nyzhni Vorota, Rusyn: Nyzhn'ŷ Verec'kŷ)
FelvidékIlosva, (Ukrainian: Irshava, Rusyn: Yrshava)
LatorcaOroszvég, (Ukrainian: Rosvegove, Rusyn: Rosvyhovo part of Mukachevo)
MezőkaszonyMezőkaszony, (Ukrainian: Koson', Rusyn: Koson')
MunkácsMunkács, (Ukrainian: Mukacheve, Rusyn: Mukachovo)
SzolyvaSzolyva, (Ukrainian: Svaliava, Rusyn: Svaliava)
TiszahátBeregszász, (Ukrainian: Berehove, Rusyn: Berehovo)
Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Beregszász, (Ukrainian: Berehove, Rusyn: Berehovo)
Munkács, (Ukrainian: Mukacheve, Rusyn: Mukachovo)

All the towns mentioned are now in Ukraine.

References
  1. "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-24.
  2. "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-24.
  3. "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-24.
  4. "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-24.
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