Battle of Tauberbischofsheim

The Battle of Tauberbischofsheim was an engagement of the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, on the 24 July at Tauberbischofsheim in the Grand Duchy of Baden between troops of the German Confederation and the Kingdom of Prussia. It was part of the campaign of the Main and ended with a Prussian victory.

Battle of Tauberbischofsheim
Part of the Austro-Prussian War
Battlefield of Bischofsheim and Werbach
Date 24 July 1866 Location Tauberbischofsheim, Baden Result Decisive Prussian victory
Belligerents
Prussia	Württemberg  Baden Hesse-Darmstadt  Austria Nassau
Commanders and leaders
Edwin von Manteuffel	Prince Alexander
Strength
60,000	42,000 (VIII Army Corps)
Casualties and losses
16 killed 107 wounded 3 missed or captured Total: 126	62 killed 455 wounded 192 missed or captured Total: 709[1]

Preliminary campaign

After the Prussian Mainarmee (German for: army of the river Main) had beaten the Bavarians at Kissingen, the Bavarian army retreated to Würzburg. The Prussians now turned west against the VIIIth Federal Corps (troops of Württemberg, Baden, Hesse and Nassau) which protected Frankfurt. After the VIIIth Corps had lost combats at Frohnhofen and Aschaffenburg it gave up the defence of Frankfurt and went south-eastward to unite with the Bavarians at the river Tauber. The Prussian army followed.

The battle

Wurttemberg artillery in the battle near Tauberbischofsheim on the 24 July 1866 on the east bank of the Tauber

The VIIIth Corps, consisting of four divisions under the command of Alexander von Hessen-Darmstadt, was distributed to the following places on the day of the battle: The Württemberg division was in the centre at Tauberbischofsheim, the Baden division on the right flank at Werbach, the Grand Ducal Hessian division at Großrinderfeld and a division mixed of troops from Austria and Nassau on the left flank at Grünsfeld-Paimar. The Prussians were able to push back the federal troops in Tauberbischofsheim. The counter attacks failed and troops of Württemberg suffered a comprehensive defeat. At Werbach the troops of Baden were also beaten.[2]

Aftermath

After further clashes the next two days at Gerchsheim, Uettingen, Helmstadt and Roßbrunn, which endet in favor of the Prussians, the federal troops withdrew to Würzburg where a truce ended the fightings. The Prussians occupied northern Württemberg and negotiated a peace in August 1866. Württemberg paid an indemnity of 8,000,000 gulden, and concluded a secret offensive and defensive treaty with her conqueror.

Although not officially part of the North German Confederation, the secret treaty effectively bound Württemberg to Prussia. Few years later, in 1870, Württemberger troops played a creditable part in the Battle of Wörth and in other operations of the Franco-Prussian War. In 1871, Württemberg became a member of the new German Empire.

Memorials

• 
  Monument to the Wurttemberg Fallen
• 
  Monument to the Wurttemberg Fallen

References

1. Österreichs Kämpfe im Jahre 1866. Nach Feldacten bearbeitet durch das k.k. Generalstabs-Bureau für Kriegsgeschichte. Fünfter Band (Vol. 5), Vienna 1869, chapter: Die Kriegsereignisse in Westdeutschland im Jahre 1866, III. Abschnitt, p. 141 (scan p. 315) digitalised
2. Theodor Fontane: Der deutsche Krieg von 1866. Der Feldzug in West- und Mitteldeutschland. Berlin 1871. p. 214-221 digitalised

49°37′21″N 09°39′46″E

External links

• Battle of Tauberbischofsheim, 24 July 1866