Azienda Trasporti Milanesi
The Azienda Trasporti Milanesi (ATM) is the municipal public transport company of Milan and 46 surrounding metropolitan municipalities.[4] It operates 4 metro lines (see Milan Metro), 18 tram lines (see Trams in Milan), 131 bus lines and 4 trolleybus lines (see Trolleybuses in Milan), carrying about 776 million passengers in 2018.[5]
 | |
| Type | Società per azioni |
|---|---|
| Predecessor | SAO (until 1893) Edison (until 1917) |
| Founded | 1931 |
| Headquarters | , |
Area served | Milan metropolitan area |
Key people | Gioia Ghezzi (President)[1] |
| Services | Public transport |
| Revenue | €903.097 million (2010)[2] |
| €6.831 million (2010)[2] | |
| Owner | Comune di Milano |
Number of employees | 9800 (2018) |
| Subsidiaries | ATM servizi, Guidami, GESAM, Nord est trasporti (93.5%), Nuovi trasporti lombardi (74.5%), Mipark (51%), Perotti (51%), International Metro Service (Copenhagen Metro) (51%)[3] |
| Website | www |
ATM manages other minor transport services in Lombardy as well. These include Radiobus,[6] a demand-responsive minibus service; the Cascina Gobba–San Raffaele people mover;[7] the Como–Brunate funicular;[8] the BikeMi bike sharing service.[9] Furthermore, since 2008, it has been operating the Copenhagen Metro in Denmark.[10]
History
Public transport in Milan started on August 17, 1840, with the opening of the Milan-Monza railway. Horse-drawn buses were introduced in 1841. Services were run by the Società Anonima degli Omnibus (SAO), "Omnibus Anonymous Company". The company was responsible for 11 bus lines between 1861 and 1865.
Few years later the first horse-drawn trams were introduced: 3 lines were opened in 1881 followed in 1893 by the first electric tramway, built by Edison company. Two years later the same company opened 18 more lines, all ruled by municipality offices. Edison's concession on new lines expired in 1917, leaving all the operations to the municipality. Few years later the public offices responsible for public transport operations were made independent, becoming the Azienda Tranviaria Municipale (ATM) in 1931.
In the meantime, the first petrol powered bus lines were introduced in 1905, operated by SITA (Società Italiana Trasporto con Automobili) and then moved under control of ATM along with the first trolleybus line (1933).
After World War II resources were focused on bus lines and, since the mid-1950s, on the new metro. Milan Metro construction began in 1957 and in 1964 the first line was opened. Five years later the Line 2 was inaugurated.
On 1 January 1965, ATM changed its name to "Azienda Trasporti Municipali" (Municipal Transport Company). In these years a new generation of longer tram (jumbotram) were introduced. In the 1960s Italy and Milan saw a strong increase in car owners, and the increasing importance of private over public transport.
Several new stations of the two metro lines are opened in the following years. The new Line 3 was inaugurated in 1990. Tram line 15 to Rozzano was the first to go beyond the city border in 1992.
ATM changed its name again in 1999 to adopt the current one, "Azienda Trasporti Milanesi", and it became a S.p.a. in 2001. In these years, the first on-demand service, the Radiobus, was introduced to operate during the night.
The first light rail line, Line 7, was introduced on 7 December 2002. This was followed by other two lines on 8 December 2003: Line 4 and Line 15. These three lines are howsoever referred to as trams.
New magnetic tickets and electronic pass cards were introduced in 2004. The complete upgrade process took 3 years.
Network
Rapid transit
The Milan rapid transit network consists of 4 lines:
- M1 Sesto I Maggio - Rho Fiera / Bisceglie
- M2 Assago Milanofiori Forum / Abbiategrasso - Cologno Nord / Gessate
- M3 San Donato - Comasina
- M5 San Siro Stadio - Bignami
The network is more than 100 km (62 mi) long and serves 113 stations, mainly underground. The system has a daily ridership of over 1 million and is the biggest in Italy. The company will also manage the fourth line, the fifth in order of construction, when operational.
Outside of Italy, ATM also operates the Copenhagen Metro.
People mover
ATM operates a single people mover line, MeLA, that connects the Milan Metro with San Raffaele Hospital
Trams
The urban tram network comprises 15 lines fully within the city limits (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19, 24, 27, 33), plus two lines linking the city centre with the hinterland (15 Milan-Rozzano, 31 Milan-Cinisello Balsamo), and one interurban line (179 Milan-Limbiate). Lines 1, 5, 10, 19 and 33 are operated with Peter Witt streetcars from the 1920s.
Trolleybuses
The trolleybus network consists of 4 lines: lines 90 and 91 (known as la circolare, "Circle line") run around the city, while lines 92 and 93 serve some of the northern and eastern neighbourhoods.
Buses
ATM operates 67 urban bus lines and 52 interurban bus lines.
Notes and references
- https://www.milanotoday.it/economia/gioia-maria-ghezzi-atm.html. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - "Bilancio ATM". www.atm-mi.it. Retrieved 24 September 2011.
- "Struttura ATM". www.atm-mi.it. Archived from the original on 2012-02-28. Retrieved 24 September 2011.
- "Activities ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi". www.atm.it. Retrieved 2020-04-01.
- "ATM in Figures ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi". www.atm.it. Retrieved 2020-04-01.
- "Radiobus di Quartiere ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi". www.atm.it. Retrieved 2020-04-01.
- "San Raffaele Light Railway ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi". www.atm.it. Retrieved 2020-04-01.
- "Como-Brunate Funicular Railway ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi". www.atm.it. Retrieved 2020-04-01.
- "BikeMi ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi". www.atm.it. Retrieved 2020-04-01.
- "ATM Abroad ATM, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi". www.atm.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2020-04-01.
