Avanne-Aveney

Avanne-Aveney is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.

Avanne-Aveney
Commune
View of Avanne from the left bank of the Doubs
Coat of arms
Location of Avanne-Aveney
Avanne-Aveney
Avanne-Aveney
Coordinates: 47°12′10″N 5°57′54″E
CountryFrance
RegionBourgogne-Franche-Comté
DepartmentDoubs
ArrondissementBesançon
CantonBesançon-1
IntercommunalityGrand Besançon Métropole
Government
 • Mayor (2014–2020) Alain Paris
Area
1
8.62 km2 (3.33 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
2,255
 • Density260/km2 (680/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
25036 /25720
Elevation228–493 m (748–1,617 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Avannais or Avannaises.[2]

Geography

Avanne-Aveney is located to the immediate south-west of Besançon with the town of Avanne joined to the Besançon urban area. The smaller town of Aveney is on the opposite bank of the river linked by a bridge. Access to the commune is by the D106 from Besançon which continues west to Grandfontaine. Route nationale N83 passes through the south-east of the commune from Beure in the north-east to Samson in the south. The D367 links Avanne to Aveney via a bridge across the river. The west and the east of the commune have extensive forests and the two villages have a substantial urban area leaving a small amount of land as farmland.[3]

The Doubs river flows through the south-east of the commune as it flows south-west to join the Saône at Verdun-sur-le-Doubs.[3]

Neighbouring communes and villages

[3]

Toponymy

Two propositions exist for the origin of the name of the commune. According to some linguists Avanne takes its name from the Latin avena meaning "oats" and, by extension, poor ground. For others, the name is from the Gallic abona meaning "river".

History

Antiquity

The occupation of the site in Gallo-Roman times is attested by the discovery of remains of a building in the north of the commune on Rue des Combots when the construction of the Grands Prés housing estate in the 1970s was finished. Unfortunately this was not reported at the time so these remains have not been studied except from the descriptions. A hypocaust, suggesting the existence of a Roman villa, was located on Rue des Blotets.

Ancient Times

The Lordship of Avanne was attested in 1092 and was dependent from the beginning on the lords of Montfaucon and the Counts of Burgundy. In the 12th century the lords of Faucogney had rights which they yielded in 1280 to the Count of Burgundy. The lordship then returned to the lords of Faucogney in the 14th century, then to the Dukes of Aumont in the 15th century which they kept until 1723. It was then owned by the Pourcheresse de Fraisans family.

Genealogy of the house of Avanne

The Chateau of Avanne, which was located on the border of the territory of Besançon, was owned by the lords of that name. It appears that this house was then passed to the lords of Faucogney: Gislebert de Faucogney, lord of Avanne, in 1180, gave land planted in vines and the use of his forests to the Abbey of Notre-Dame de Billon. This gift was confirmed by Aymé de Faucogney. Guy d'Avanne had already affixed his name to the donation made by Archbishop Hugh III to the Church of Sainte-Madeleine of Besançon in 1092. Hugues d'Avanne was cited in a title of Billon in 1163. Renaud d'Avanne, canon of Sainte-Madeleine, in 1189, gave a one third part of the Avanne Mill to the church. Thibaud d'Avanne, canon and cantor of the same church, in 1246 ceded to his chapter the share that he had in his kiln, called Kiln of Seet typochal, located at Charmont.[4]

Hugues d'Avanne, knight, gave a meix[Note 1] located at the village of Estu to the abbey of Saint-Paul de Besançon. He was the father of Jean and Etienne who were mentioned in the will of their uncle Thibaud. Jean d'Avanne, knight, in 1246 approved the donation of the Charmont kiln made to the Chapter of Sainte-Madeleine by his brother. His son, Peter, was a Gentleman and he married Oudette, daughter of Raoul de Saint-Sevigne, knight. In 1287 Aymé d'Avanne, son of Thibaud d'Avanne, Gentleman, agreed to sell a vineyard at Étiennette created by Lambert d'Avanne, a citizen of Besançon.[4]

The current commune of Avanne-Aveney is the result of the merger of the communes of Avanne and Aveney, at first as an Association in 1973 then a full merger in 2004.

Vineyards have long been a major resource in Avanne, especially until the 18th century. There are still many traces of the past with old houses equipped with wine cellars. Originally a ferry connected the two villages but it was replaced by a metal bridge in 1893.

  • Old wine press.
  • Old wine cellar.
  • Old wine cellar.
  • Old wine-growers house.
  • The name Serpe engraved on a lintel.

Heraldry
Arms of Avanne-Aveney
 Blazon:

Or, three cinquefoils Gules 2 and 1.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[5]

Mayors from 1894 to 1941
FromToNameCommune
18941941Léon DonyAvanne
1904Virgile BartAveney
19041911Léon NiessAveney
19111912Edouard GrappeyAveney
19121912Virgile BartAveney
19121919Jean-Baptiste VauthierAveney
19191921Paul ChevryAveney
19211925Charles GuyAveney
19251925Paul ChevryAveney
19251925Arthur HuguesAveney
19251928Louis VauthierAveney
19281931Paul ChevryAveney
19311943Victor PaillardAveney
Mayors from 1941
FromToNamePartyCommune
19411942Hilaire HansmannelAvanne
19421945Paul ByotAvanne
19431953Fernand LanfreyAveney
19451953Henri MaîtreAvanne
19531968Henri MarchalAveney
19531956Jean BichetAvanne
19561965Marcel DufayAvanne
19651973Ivan de MaistreAvanne
19681973Georges MarguierAveney
19731977Ivan de Maistre
19771995Yves Frechin
19951997Gerard Tattu
19972014Jean-Pierre Taillard
20142020Alain Paris

(Not all data is known)

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 2,255 inhabitants. Prior to 1973 the population figures shown include both the former communes of Avanne and Aveney.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 597—    
1800 638+0.95%
1806 710+1.80%
1821 653−0.56%
1831 847+2.64%
1836 864+0.40%
1841 868+0.09%
1846 837−0.72%
1851 801−0.88%
1856 765−0.92%
1861 748−0.45%
1866 769+0.56%
1872 685−1.91%
1876 667−0.66%
1881 657−0.30%
1886 660+0.09%
1891 595−2.05%
1896 562−1.13%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 551−0.39%
1906 552+0.04%
1911 546−0.22%
1921 445−2.02%
1926 429−0.73%
1931 466+1.67%
1936 483+0.72%
1946 532+0.97%
1954 624+2.01%
1962 735+2.07%
1968 899+3.41%
1975 1,374+6.25%
1982 1,826+4.15%
1990 1,870+0.30%
1999 1,903+0.19%
2007 2,336+2.60%
2012 2,317−0.16%
2017 2,255−0.54%
Source: EHESS[6][7] and INSEE[8]

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
View of Aveney and the Doubs loop.
Stele on the Valmy rock.

The commune has one site that is registered as an historical monument:

  • An Ornamental Garden (1851)[9] in the Chateau of Avanne park.
Other points of interest
  • Several viewing points from the Valmy rock and the Martelin cave with magnificent views of the Doubs loop and the banks of the Doubs over 6 km.
  • At the Valmy Rock stands a monument to the memory of the martyrs of the Guy Mocquet and the Marius Vallet resistance fighter groups who were shot at the Citadel of Besançon on 26 September 1943 or died in deportation.
  • The Bridge, built in 1893, is a bridge originally intended to carry a railway line at another site that was bought by the communes Avanne and Aveney to replace the ferry that used to link the two villages. This is one of the few bridges that was not destroyed during World War II. It allowed the passage of the Allied armies in September 1944 and was for this reason called The Liberator. It was completely renovated in 2000 and doubled with a walkway.
  • The Chateau of Avanne whose history is closely linked to that of the lords and nobles of Montferrand from the 13th to the 15th century and affiliated to the County of Burgundy. It became part of a series of fortifications which included those of Montferrand-le-Château, Thoraise, Torpes, Corcondray, and Fourg. It was built in 1280 on top of the cliff which overlooks the Grande Rue. It was probably destroyed by the armies of Louis XI when they conquered the County after the death of Charles the Bold in 1477. The last tower collapsed in 1816. Only a few stairs, a wall, and some foundations remain of this chateau.

Religious heritage

The commune has one religious building that is registered as an historical monument:

  • The Church of Avanne (1826)[10] is the work of architect Pierre Marnotte. This building was a joint production of the two unmerged communes at the time. The Church contains one item that is registered as an historical object:
    • A Statue: Saint Vernier (19th century)[11]
  • View of the two villages.
  • The church viewed from the bridge.
  • The bridge over the Doubs.
  • The Town Hall.
  • View of the Doubs and the Mill.
  • The Rue de l'Église.
  • The Doubs covered in ice.
  • View of the village from Thoraise.
  • View of the village from the Planoise Fort.
  • Memorial to floods on the Doubs.

Notable people linked to the commune

See also

Bibliography

Notes and references

Notes
  1. An ancient custom: the home of a farmer together with much of the land it takes to feed and care for him

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Inhabitants of (in French)
  3. Google Maps
  4. Genealogical History of the squires of Salins in the County of Burgundy (in French)
  5. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  6. Données Cassini: Avanne and Avanne-Aveney, EHESS
  7. Données Cassini: Aveney, EHESS
  8. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  9. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA25000324 Ornamental Garden (in French)
  10. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA25000009 Church of Avanne (in French)
  11. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM25001844 Statue: Saint Vernier (in French)
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