Augustyn Łukosz

Augustyn Łukosz (17 August 1884 – 27 October 1940) was a Polish national activist and socialist politician from the region of Zaolzie, Czechoslovakia. He was a member of the Polish Socialist Workers Party, the social democratic party active amongst the Polish minority in interbellum Czechoslovakia.[1] In 1935 Łukosz founded the Polish Social Democratic Party (PPSD).[2]

Augustyn Łukosz
Augustyn Łukosz
Member of the Silesian Parliament
In office
1938–1939
Personal details
Born(1884-08-17)17 August 1884
Stonawa (Steinau), Austrian Silesia, Austria-Hungary
Modern Stonava, Moravia-Silesia, Czech Republic
Died27 October 1940(1940-10-27) (aged 56)
Mauthausen-Gusen, Upper Austria, Nazi Germany
NationalityPolish
Political partyPolish Socialist Workers Party
Spouse(s)Teresa Szewczyk
ChildrenAugustyna, Waleria

Life

After graduating from the school in Stonawa, Łukosz worked as a coal miner in a mine in Karwina, and later as a railwayman, working as a switchman at the train station in Łąki nad Olzą. Łukosz was already in his youth engaged in the workers' movement, becoming a member of the Polish Social Democratic Party of Galicia (PPS-DG) and later the Polish Socialist Party. After division of Cieszyn Silesia, he stayed in Czechoslovakia, where he co-founded the Polish Socialist Workers Party (PSPR). He represented its faction opposed to the cooperation with communists. Łukosz contributed to the PSPR magazine Robotnik Śląski (Silesian Worker) and co-founded the Polish Educational-Sporting Association "Siła" in Czeski Cieszyn (Czech: Český Těšín).[1]

In August 1934 he was expelled from the PSPR due to the ideological discrepancies with the party leadership.[3] He advocated the cooperation with the rest of the Polish organizations in Czechoslovakia, whereas the PSPR leadership followed the cooperation with the Czech social democrats.[1]

From March to July 1935 he edited the PPSD press organ Naprzód (Forward). After the annexation of Zaolzie region to Poland in 1938, President Ignacy Mościcki named him a deputy of the Silesian Parliament, where Łukosz was a deputy until the outbreak of World War II. In 1938 he was awarded the Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta.[3]

During the Nazi occupation, Łukosz was interred in the concentration camp in Skrochovice near Opava.[1] On 16 April 1940, he was moved to Dachau concentration camp, and later to Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp,[1] where he died from exhaustion on 27 October 1940.

Footnotes
  1. "Někteří uvěznění: Augustyn Łukosz (17.8.1884, Stonava – 27.10.1940, Mauthausen)". Moravskoslezský kraj. Koncentrační tábor, Skrochovice. Smírčí kříže.cz. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  2. Gawrecki 2000, 242.
  3. Marcoń, Witold (September 2012). "Sylwetki trzech posłów zaolziańskich do Sejmu Śląskiego w Katowicach". Zwrot: 38–39.

References
  • Gawrecki, Dan (2000). "Polské politické strany v Habsburské monarchii a v Československé republice". In Pavel Marek; et al. (eds.). Přehled politického stranictví na území českých zemí a Československa v letech 1861–1998. Olomouc: Katedra politologie a evropských studií FFUP. pp. 238–244. ISBN 80-86200-25-6.
  • Polski Słownik Biograficzny Polskiej Akademii Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN. Kraków
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