Arkady Raikin

Arkady Isaakovich Raikin (Russian: Аркадий Исаакович Райкин; 24 October [O.S. 11 October] 1911 – 17 December 1987) was a Soviet stand-up comedian, theater and film actor, and stage director. He led the school of Soviet and Russian humorists for about half a century.

Arkady Raikin
Raikin on a 2001 stamp of Russia
Birth nameArkady Isaakovich Raikin
Born24 October [O.S. 11 October] 1911[1]
Riga, Latvia (then Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire)[1]
Died17 December 1987(1987-12-17) (aged 76)[1]
Moscow, Soviet Union
Resting placeNovodevichy Cemetery, Moscow
MediumStand-up, theater, radio, television, film
NationalityLatvian Jew
Years active1930s–1980s
GenresObservational comedy, improvisational comedy, satire, musical comedy
Signature

Biography

Raikin was born into a Jewish family in Riga, in the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire (present-day Latvia).[2] He graduated from the Leningrad Theatrical Technicum in 1935 and worked in both state theatres and variety shows. In 1939, he founded his own theatre in Leningrad,[1] where he used skits and impersonations to ridicule the inefficiency of Communist bureaucracy and the Soviet way of life. In the Stalinist police state this was prone to danger, as it was not uncommon to get purged not only for telling a casual joke, but even for not reporting it to the authorities. He also appeared in several comedies during and after the Great Patriotic War.[3]

Raikin created an array of popular satirical characters, some of which were featured in the TV serial People and Mannequins. He launched careers of several other prominent stand-up comedians, such as Mikhail Zhvanetsky and Roman Kartsev.

Raikin is often compared with Charlie Chaplin. His fame in the Soviet Union, and throughout Central and Eastern Europe, was such that he was invited to participate in the opening night of BBC Two television in 1964, although the broadcast had to be postponed for one day due to a power failure. His trip to London for the BBC broadcast—during which he was reunited with his British cousin, distinguished pianist Bruno Raikin—marked the first of only two times when the Soviet government permitted him to perform in the West. Arkady Raikin also maintained good working relationships with Marcel Marceau and some other foreign actors.

Three years before his death, Raikin finally moved to Moscow, where he opened the Satyricon Theatre, now run by his son Konstantin Raikin, also an acclaimed actor. His wife, Roma, played a major role in guiding his career, and his daughter, Ekaterina, also had a successful career as a Moscow actress. For a month during the summer of 1987, Raikin hosted his American cousin, Washington D.C. attorney Steven Raikin, as a guest in his Moscow flat.[4] In September 1987 the Soviet Ministry of Culture finally permitted Raikin to visit the United States, where, with his son and daughter, he gave emotional farewell performances in several cities to adoring audiences of Russian émigrés.[4][5]

Awards

Raikin was awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR in 1968, the Lenin Prize in 1980, and the Hero of Socialist Labour award in 1981.[1] A minor planet 4518 Raikin discovered on 1 April 1976, is named after him.

Filmography
Raikin in the movie Concert for the Front, 1942
Actor[6]
  • 1938 — "Огненные годы" (Fiery Years)
  • 1939 — "Доктор Калюжный" (Doctor Kalyuzhnyy)
  • 1942 — "Концерт фронту" (Concert for the Front)
  • 1954 — "Мы с Вами где-то встречались" (Did We Meet Somewhere Before)
  • 1964 — "Когда песня не кончается" (When the Song Does Not End)
  • 1970 — "Волшебная сила искусства" (Magic Power of Art)
  • 1974 — "Люди и манекены" (People and Mannequins)
Director and screenplay
  • 1974 — "Люди и манекены" (People and Mannequins)
  • 1987 — "Peace to your home"

References
  1. Arkady Isaakovich Raikin. Encyclopaedia Britannica
  2. Charny, Vitaly. "Arkady Raikin, 1911–1987". JewishGen. December 2004. Retrieved 27 October 2009.
  3. Stites 1992, p. 80-81.
  4. Elizabeth Kastor (5 September 1987) "Love & Glasnost; An East-West Romance With Comic Relief." Washington Post. p. C1.
  5. "Arkady Raikin – Russiapedia Cinema and theater Prominent Russians". russiapedia.rt.com. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  6. (in Russian) РАЙКИН Аркадий Исаакович (akter.kulichki.net)

Sources
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