Annie Oakley (1935 film)

Annie Oakley is a 1935 American biographical film directed by George Stevens and starring Barbara Stanwyck, Preston Foster, Melvyn Douglas, and Moroni Olsen. The film is based on the life of Annie Oakley.

Annie Oakley
Theatrical release poster
Directed byGeorge Stevens
Produced byCliff Reid
Screenplay by
Story by
Starring
Music byAlberto Colombo
CinematographyJ. Roy Hunt
Edited byJack Hively
Production
company
Distributed byRKO Pictures
Release date
  • November 15, 1935 (1935-11-15) (US)
Running time
90 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$354,000[1]
Box office$620,000[1]

Plot

In late 1800s Ohio, a young woman from the backwoods, Annie Oakley, delivers six dozen quail she has shot to the owner of the general store. He sends them to the MacIvor hotel in Cincinnati, where the mayor is holding a large banquet in honor of Toby Walker, the "greatest shot in the whole world". Toby is particular about what he eats and the hotel owner, James MacIvor, bought Annie's quail because she shoots the quail cleanly through the head, leaving no buckshot elsewhere.

At the banquet, Jeff Hogarth signs Toby to a contract making him part of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show. James challenges Toby to a shooting contest to take place the next morning. James arranges for "Andy" Oakley to compete against Walker, only to be shocked when she shows up. He tries unsuccessfully to call the whole thing off. The scheduled match ends in a tie, so they proceed to sudden death. The two sharpshooters continue hitting their targets. Following a comment from her mother, Annie deliberately misses her next shot. Walker is a gracious, though unsuspecting winner; Hogarth knows exactly what happened.

Title card to Annie Oakley

When the Oakley's return home, Annie promises to pay back all those who bet on her. Jeff follows and tells Annie that he never bet the money she gave to him. He also invites her to join the Wild West Show. Annie, having developed a crush on Toby, accepts. Jeff introduces her to Buffalo Bill and the other members of the show.

When Toby overhears Buffalo Bill telling Jeff that he might have to fire Annie because she lacks showmanship, he teaches her some 'fancy shootin' and tricks.

At the first show, Chief Sitting Bull is in the audience with Iron Eyes Cody as his translator. Ned Buntline. Buffalo Bill's publicist tries to sign him up for the show, but the chief is bored with the acts until he sees Annie shoot five targets thrown in the air. He is so impressed, he changes his mind and joins the show.

A romance blossoms between Annie and Toby, despite Jeff's attempts to win her affections for himself. They also become good friends with Sitting Bull.

One day, a man with a grudge tries to shoot Sitting Bull. Toby grabs the man's gun just as it goes off, saving his friend's life. However, his eyes are affected by the closeness of the shot. While Annie's fortunes rise, Toby's decline. He hides his injury, but ends up shooting Annie in the hand and is dismissed from the show. Much to Annie's heartbreak, Jeff and Wild Bill keep Toby away from her. However, during a chance meeting, a woman accompanying Toby tells Annie that she's been nothing but bad luck to him. Although Toby tries to stop the woman, Annie feels what she says is true and unhappily retreats. After a triumphant tour of Europe, the show next plays in New York City, Toby's home town. When he attends the show, Sitting Bull spots him and reunites the loving couple.

Cast
Barbara Stanwyck as Annie

Production

The film was the first Western for both Stevens and Stanwyck.[2] While based on the real life of Annie Oakley, it took some liberties with the details:[3]

Rather than focusing on her career, the 1935 production centered on the love story between Annie and "Toby Walker," the film's stand-in for Oakley's husband Frank Butler. In the film, Oakley throws the couple's famous Thanksgiving Day shooting match so that Walker won't lose his job, a point that may have resonated with the film's Depression-era audiences. Oakley also spends much of the film pining away for Walker—they are separated while she tours in Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West show, but fortuitously reunited by Sitting Bull just in time for a happy ending. In this first Hollywood version of Oakley's life, the facts of the Butlers' long and happy marriage are pushed to the side, and Frank Butler's deliberate ceding of the spotlight to his wife is ignored.

The working title for the film was "Shooting Star."[4]

Reception

The film was released less than ten years after the death of the real-life Oakley.[3] It made a profit of $48,000.[1]

Andre Sennwald of The New York Times called the film a "gaudy and pungent motion picture, smacking healthily of that obscure commodity known as tanbark"; Sennwald raved about the performances:[5]

Barbara Stanwyck is splendid in the title role; this is her most striking performance in a long time. Preston Foster plays persuasively, too, in the unrealized Toby Walker role, and Moroni Olsen is excellently bluff as Buffalo Bill. Chief Thunderbird, though, is the star of the picture. One scene, by the way, ought to give you a start. That is when the Kaiser, then only a Prince, gallantly holds a cigarette in his mouth for Annie to shoot at. What might have been the course of history, you find yourself wondering, if Annie had missed.

Decades later, Pauline Kael called Stanwyck "consistently fresh and believable" and said Stevens "makes some of the points about race he made later in Giant... but here they're lighter and better. They seem to grow casually out of the American material; the movie feels almost improvised."[2]

References
  1. Richard Jewel, 'RKO Film Grosses: 1931-1951', Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, Vol 14 No 1, 1994 p56
  2. Landazuri, Margarita. "Annie Oakley (1935) - Article". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
  3. "Annie Oakley on Stage and Screen". American Experience. PBS. Retrieved 2012-05-29. While honoring Oakley's strong spirit, the film altered her real story in a number of telling ways. Rather than focusing on her career, the 1935 production centered on the love story between Annie and "Toby Walker," the film's stand-in for Oakley's husband Frank Butler. In the film, Oakley throws the couple's famous Thanksgiving Day shooting match so that Walker won't lose his job, a point that may have resonated with the film's Depression-era audiences. Oakley also spends much of the film pining away for Walker—they are separated while she tours in Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West show, but fortuitously reunited by Sitting Bull just in time for a happy ending. In this first Hollywood version of Oakley's life, the facts of the Butlers' long and happy marriage are pushed to the side, and Frank Butler's deliberate ceding of the spotlight to his wife is ignored.
  4. "AFI|Catalog". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved 2020-01-24.
  5. Sennwald, Andre (December 24, 1935). "Barbara Stanwyck, Not to Mention Chief Thunderbird, in "Annie Oakley," at the Astor Theatre". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
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