Action of 23 August 1806

The Action of 23 August 1806 was a minor naval battle of the Napoleonic wars, fought off the coast of Spanish Cuba near the port of Havana. The Spanish frigate Pomona was captured by the frigates HMS Anson and HMS Arethusa under the commands of Captain Charles Lydiard and Charles Brisbane respectively. As well as the frigate being captured, a shore battery was silenced and a fleet of gunboats was defeated.

Action of 23 August 1806
Part of the Napoleonic Wars
HMS Arethusa and HMS Anson capture the Pomona off Havana, depicted by Thomas Whitcombe
Date 23 August 1806 Location off Havana, Cuba Result British victory
Belligerents
United Kingdom	Spain
Commanders and leaders
Charles Lydiard Charles Brisbane	unknown
Strength
2 frigates HMS Arethusa HMS Anson	1 frigate Pomona, 12 gunboats, shore battery
Casualties and losses
2 killed, 32 wounded[1]	Frigate Pomona captured, 3 gunboats destroyed, 6 sunk, 3 badly damaged 317 captured[2]

Summary

Background

The Royal Navy dominated the West Indies region after the French defeat at San Domingo. The Spanish had been on the defensive due to the diminished French naval power and the subsequent blockade of Cádiz, which had been made possible by the battle of Trafalgar. Lydiard was appointed to command the 38-gun HMS Anson[3] in 1805. Anson had originally been a 64-gun third rate, but had been razeed in 1794.[4] He sailed Anson to the West Indies in early 1806 and in August was sailing in company with Captain Charles Brisbane's HMS Arethusa when on 23 August they came across the 38-gun Spanish frigate Pomona off Havana, guarded by a shore battery and twelve gunboats.

Action

The Pomona attempted to enter the harbour whereupon Lydiard and Brisbane bore up and engaged her.[1] The gunboats came out to defend her, whereupon the two British frigates anchored between the shore battery and gunboats on one side, and the Pomona on the other. A hard fought action began, lasting for 35 minutes until the Pomona struck her colours.[1] Three of the gunboats were blown up, six were sunk, and the remaining three were badly damaged. Some of the Spanish were rescued in all total of 317 were captured many of them wounded.[2] The shore battery ceased fire after an explosion damaged it.[1]

Aftermath

There were no casualties aboard Anson, but Arethusa lost two killed and 32 wounded, with Brisbane among the latter.[1] The captured Pomona was subsequently taken into the Navy as HMS Cuba.[5][6] Charles Brisbane would later take the Dutch island of Curaçao in January 1807, using Anson to achieve that goal.

References

Citations

1. James. James' Naval History. p. 317.
2. Tracy. Who's who in Nelson's Navy. p. 232.
3. Winfield. British Warships of the Age of Sail 1794–1817. p. 92.
4. Gardiner. Frigates of the Napoleonic Wars. p. 41.
5. Colledge. Ships of the Royal Navy. p. 85.
6. Winfield. British Warships of the Age of Sail 1794–1817. p. 202.

Bibliography

• Allen, Joseph (1852). Battles of the British Navy. 2. Henry G. Bohn.
• Campbell, John; Stockdale, John Joseph (1818). The naval history of Great Britain: commencing with the earliest period of history, and continued to the expedition against Algiers, under the command of Lord Exmouth, in 1816. Including the history and lives of British admirals. 8. Baldwyn and co.
• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
• James, William. James' Naval History. Epitomised in one volume by Robert O'Byrne. Adamant Media Corporation. ISBN 1-4021-8133-7.
• Gardiner, Robert (2006). Frigates of the Napoleonic Wars. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 1-86176-292-5.
• Tracy, Nicholas (2006). Who's who in Nelson's Navy: 200 Naval Heroes. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 1-86176-244-5.
• Winfield, Rif (2007). British Warships of the Age of Sail 1794–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth. ISBN 1-86176-246-1.