Achatina

Achatina is a genus of medium-sized to very large, air-breathing, tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae.[2]

Achatina
A live individual of Achatina fulica from Thailand
A shell of Achatina fulica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
(unranked):
clade Heterobranchia
clade Euthyneura
clade Panpulmonata
clade Eupulmonata
clade Stylommatophora
informal group Sigmurethra
Superfamily:
Achatinoidea
Family:
Achatinidae
Subfamily:
Achatininae
Genus:
Achatina

Type species
Bulla achatina Linnaeus, 1758/small>
Synonyms
  • Achatinus Montfort, 1810
  • Achatium Link, 1807
  • Agathina J. Férussac, 1807
  • Euachatina Shuttleworth, 1856
  • Geodes Gistel, 1848
  • Glandina (Achatina) Lamarck, 1799 (considered a separate genus)
  • Oncaea Gistel, 1848
  • Parachatina Bourguignat, 1889
  • Serpaea Bourguignat, 1889
  • Urceus Mörch, 1857

Distribution

There are some 200 species of Achatinidae in Sub-Saharan Africa. Some species are kept as terrarium animals due to their size and colourful shells.

Shell description

Snails in this genus have medium to large shells which are ovate in shape and often colourfully streaked.

Species

Species within the genus Achatina include:

  • Achatina achatina Linnaeus, 1758 or giant African snail, Agate Snail or Ghana Tiger Snail, from Western Africa (Liberia through Nigeria) grows to be the largest land snail on Earth.
  • Achatina albopicta E. A. Smith, 1878 - along the coast of Kenya and Tanzania.
  • Achatina allisa Reeve, 1849
  • Achatina ampullacea Böttger, 1910
  • Achatina balteata Reeve, 1849 - Cameroon to Central Angola.
  • Achatina bandeirana Morelet, 1866
  • Achatina bayaona Morelet, 1866
  • Achatina bayoli Morelet, 1888
  • Achatina bisculpta E. A. Smith, 1878
  • Achatina bloyeti Bourguignat, 1890
  • Achatina capelloi Furtado, 1886
  • Achatina connollyi Preston, 1912
  • Achatina coroca Bruggen, 1978
  • Achatina craveni E. A. Smith, 1881 - Congo, Tanzania.
  • Achatina dammarensis Pfeiffer - Botswana
  • Achatina eleanorae Mead, 1995
  • Achatina ellioti E. A. Smith, 1895
  • Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822 or giant East African snail from Eastern Africa is a serious pest in the many tropical countries where it has been introduced, and is listed as an invasive species by some governments.
    • Achatina fulica rodatzi Dunker, 1852
    • Achatina fulica sinistrosa Grateloup, 1840
    • Achatina fulica umbilicata Nevill, 1879
  • Achatina glaucina E. A. Smith, 1899
  • Achatina glutinosa Pfeiffer, 1854 - Mozambique
  • Achatina greyi Da Costa, 1907
  • Achatina hortensiae Morelet, 1866
  • Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822 - Southeastern Africa
  • Achatina iostoma Pfeiffer, 1854 - Cameroon
  • Achatina iredalei Preston, 1910
  • Achatina johnstoni E. A. Smith, 1899
  • Achatina lechaptoisi Ancey, 1894
  • Achatina obscura Da Costa, 1907
  • Achatina osborni Pilsbry, 1919
  • Achatina marginata Swainson, 1821[3]
  • Achatina passargei von Martens
  • Achatina pfeifferi Dunker, 1845
  • Achatina purpurea (Gmelin, 1790)
  • Achatina randabeli Bourguignat, 1889
  • Achatina reticulata Pfeiffer, 1845 - Zanzibar
  • Achatina schinziana Bousson - Botswana
  • Achatina schweinfurthi von Martens, 1873 - East Africa.
  • Achatina semisculpta Dunker, 1845 - East Africa
  • Achatina smithii Craven, 1881
  • Achatina stuhlmanni von Martens, 1892 - Uganda.
  • Achatina sylvatica Putzeys, 1898 - Congo
  • Achatina tavaresiana Morelet, 1866 - Angola
  • Achatina tincta Reeve, 1842 - Congo, Angola
  • Achatina tracheia Connolly, 1929 - Southeast Africa
  • Achatina transparens Da Costa, 1907
  • Achatina variegata Roissy
  • Achatina vignoniana Morelet, 1874: synonym of Achatina (Tripachatina) vignoniana Morelet, 1874
  • Achatina virgulata Da Costa, 1907
  • Achatina welwitschi Morelet, 1866
  • Achatina weynsi Dautzenberg, 1891 - Congo
  • Achatina wildemani Dautzenberg, 1907
  • Achatina zanzibarica Bourguignat - Tanzania.

incertae sedis:

  • Achatina vassei Germain, 1918 - The internal anatomy of this species is not known, and therefore the generic classification of ‘Achatina’ vassei cannot be made.[4]
Species brought into synonymy
  • Achatina fulgurata Pfeiffer, 1853 - Senegal: synonym of Achatina eleanorae Mead, 1995
  • Achatina drakensbergensis Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897 : synonym of Cochlitoma drakensbergensis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897)
  • Achatina gundlachi L. Pfeiffer, 1850: synonym of Geostilbia gundlachi (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
  • Achatina monochromatica Pilsbry (Deprecated. Old historical synonym of Achatina achatina var. monochromatic)
  • Achatina mulanjensis Crowley & Pain - Malawi: synonym of Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822 (junior synonym)
  • Achatina nyikaensis Pilsbry, 1909 - Malawi: synonym of Bequaertina pintoi (Bourguignat, 1889) (junior synonym)
  • Achatina panthera Férussac, 1832 - Zimbabwe, Mauritius: synonym of Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822
  • Achatina pellucida L. Pfeiffer, 1840: synonym of Blauneria heteroclita (Montagu, 1808)
  • Achatina varicosa Pfeiffer, 1845 - South Africa: synonym of Cochlitoma varicosa (L. Pfeiffer, 1861)
  • Achatina zebra Bruguiere, 1792 - South Africa: synonym of Cochlitoma zebra (Bruguière, 1792)

References
  1. Lamarck J.-B. (1799). Mém. Soc. Hist. nat. Paris 1: 75.
  2. Bouchet, P. (2014). Achatina Lamarck, 1799. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818098 on 2014-11-07
  3. Du Cane Godman, Frederick. Annali Del Museo Civico Di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria", Museo civico di storia naturale, Genoa, 1916, p. 245
  4. Bruggen A. C. van (2010). "A new record of ‘Achatina’ vassei Germain, 1918 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Achatinidae) from Mozambique – an unsolved problem". Zoologische Mededelingen 84. HTM Archived 2011-10-07 at the Wayback Machine.
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