Accessory breast

Accessory breasts, also known as polymastia, supernumerary breasts, or mammae erraticae, is the condition of having an additional breast. Extra breasts may appear with or without nipples or areolae. It is a condition and a form of atavism which is most prevalent in male humans, and often goes untreated as it is mostly harmless. In recent years, many affected women have had a plastic surgery operation to remove the additional breasts, for purely aesthetic reasons.

Accessory breast
A woman with several accessory breasts
Pronunciation
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SpecialtyMedical genetics 

A related condition, in which extra nipples form, is called "supernumerary nipple" or "polythelia".

Presentation

In some cases, the accessory breast may not be visible at the surface. In these cases, it may be possible to distinguish their appearance from normal breast tissue with MRI.[1] In other cases, accessory breasts have been known to lactate, as illustrated in a woodcut showing a child nursing at ectopic breast tissue on the lateral thigh.[2]

There is some evidence that the condition may be more common in Native American populations.[3]

Cause

Polymastia typically occurs in the womb during the development. During normal development, breast tissue will develop along the milk line, and additional tissue will disintegrate and be absorbed into the body. Polymastia occurs when the additional tissue doesn’t disintegrate before birth. This condition can be inherited and run in families.

See also

References
  1. Laor T, Collins MH, Emery KH, Donnelly LF, Bove KE, Ballard ET (2004). "MRI appearance of accessory breast tissue: a diagnostic consideration for an axillary mass in a peripubertal or pubertal girl". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 183 (6): 1779–81. doi:10.2214/ajr.183.6.01831779. PMID 15547228.
  2. Grossl, Norman A. (2000). "Supernumerary Breast Tissue". Southern Medical Journal. 93: 29–32. doi:10.1097/00007611-200093010-00005. Retrieved Dec 30, 2008.
  3. Emsen IM (2006). "Treatment with ultrasound-assisted liposuction of accessory axillary breast tissues". Aesthetic Plast Surg. 30 (2): 251–2. doi:10.1007/s00266-005-0160-7. PMID 16547633. S2CID 21813839.
  • A Paper on the Appearance of Multiple Mammaries in Humans, R. Eghardt, Oxford University Press (1923)
  • Weird Diseases, B. Hargreaves and M. Wallette, Emu Publishing (2007)
Classification
External resources
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