8th Battalion (Parachute), Royal Ranger Regiment

The 8th Battalion (Parachute), Royal Ranger Regiment (Malay: Batalion ke-8 Rejimen Renjer Diraja (Para)), better known as the 8 RRD or 8 RRD (Para) – abbreviation from its local name, is a battalion-sized airborne infantry from the Royal Ranger Regiment of the Malaysian Army. Since on 10 October 1994, the 8 RRD is a part of the 10th Parachute Brigade. The 8 RRD is the first-ever infantry unit in the Malaysian Army transformed from a conventional infantry unit to an airborne infantry unit.[2][3]

8th Battalion (Parachute), Royal Ranger Regiment
Batalion Ke-8, Rejimen Renjer Diraja (Para)
Crest of the 8 RRD (Para)
Founded	1 March 1973
Country	Malaysia
Allegiance	Yang di-Pertuan Agong ('King of Malaysia')
Branch	Malaysian Army
Type	Airborne light infantry
Role	Airborne operations Air assault Raid Riot control[1]
Size	7 companies
Part of	10th Parachute Brigade
Garrison/HQ	Wellington Camp, Malacca
Nickname(s)	"Airborne Ranger", "8 RRD", "8 Ranger", "8 Para"
Patron	Putra of Perlis (until 16 April 2000)
Motto(s)	Anang Skali Ngalah ('Never Give Up') (Iban)
Colors	Green and red
Mascot(s)	Rhinoceros hornbill
Anniversaries	1 March
Engagements	List Operation Parang (1976) Operation Tanduk (1977) Operation Setia (1978-1980) Operation Gawai Operation Pelanduk (1999) Operation Kota Echo/Foxtrot (2001) Operation Pasir (2002–present) Operation Daulat (2013)
Battle honours	Daulat Feb 2013
Commanders
Current commander	Lieutenant Colonel Zahari Affandi Mat Nor
Regimental sergeant major	Warrant Officer I Sapolrizan Mat Abu
Notable commanders	Lieutenant General Dato' Awie Suboh
Insignia
Battalion's flag (2019-present)

History

Set up as infantry training centre

The unit established on 1 March 1973, as a request from the Government of Sarawak to set up a military element in the Malaysian Army that consists of only Sarawakian. Named as 8th Ranger, its first roles is as a training centre for the Ranger Regiment.[3] Prior to 1973, the Wellington Camp, Terendak, Malacca at that time is the HQ for the 1st Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (1RNZIR). The Commonwealth handed over the camp to the Malaysian Government in early 1973. The 8 RRD was the first local military element to resides at the newly handed military base.[2]

On 12 March 1973, 500 recruits from Sarawak begin their basic training with the newly formed training centre for 6 months. On 4 September, the Malaysian Army dissolve the 8th Rangers as a training centre and reinstated it back as a full infantry battalion.[3]

Re-construct to infantry role

The Malaysian Army reinstated it as an infantry battalion, namely the 8th Battalion, Malaysian Ranger Regiment (Malay: Batalion ke-8, Rejimen Renjer Malaysia). Only some from 500 Sarawakian recruits stayed after they graduated from the training centre. Some posted to other units, and some officers and soldiers from other units volunteered to the newly formed battalion, thus the plan to set up a military unit that consists of 100% Sarawakian never been achieved. In November 1973, the battalion moved out from Wellington Camp and stationed in Sarawak.[3]

Re-construct to airborne role

Since the early 1970s, the Malaysian Army already planning to create an infantry brigade with parachute ability, however, the plan did not receive much support from the government due to concerns as such an airborne brigade would be looked with suspicion by its neighbour, Singapore. On 1 January 1987, Malaysian Army gives green light for the 8 RRD to re-constructed to an infantry airborne unit, possibly as an experimental airborne infantry element. In the same time, the official name of 8 RRD changed to the current name — 8th Battalion (Parachute). The transition when smoothly, and in July 1990, the 8 RRD (Para) became an fully operational airborne infantry battalion.[3] Later on, in the same year, two more infantry battalions have been given permission re-constructed into airborne battalions, which are, 9th Battalion and 17th Battalion of the Royal Malay Regiment.[4]

Airborne infantry pioneers

'The pioneer' memorial placard.

Also known as 'The Pioneer', one officer and nine other ranks is the first batch from conventional infantry unit to passes the Airborne Course at Special Warfare Training Centre in the year 1987.[3] They are:

1. Lieutenant Colonel Awie Suboh (retired as Lieutenant General Dato')[5]
2. Sergeant Marok
3. Sergeant Gindu
4. Corporal Jang
5. Corporal Eddy
6. Lance corporal George
7. Ranger Ransi
8. Ranger Francis
9. Ranger Liban
10. Ranger Richard

Re-organized to Rapid Deployment Force

There is an effort by the Malaysian Armed Forces to re-organized all military unit with airborne ability under one command. At the end of the year 1992, the 8 RRD (Para) at that time is a part of the 10th Strategic Brigade of the Malaysian Army's 11th Division (Strategic) (Abbr.: 11 Div Stra), got an invitation to become as a part of an independent military unit called the Rapid Deployment Force. On 10 October 1994, the 8 RRD (Para) officially recognized as one of the three airborne infantry element in the Rapid Deployment Force and the 10th Strategic Brigade is upgrading to an airborne brigade, namely the 10th Parachute Brigade.[3]

Pioneering in female paratroopers

Pioneer team of female paratroopers memorial placard.

Malaysian Army plans to accept women in their elite airborne element. To experiment with the effectiveness of female paratroopers in airborne combat roles, the Malaysian Army allows a batch of female soldiers to enters Airborne School and Basic Rapid Deployment Course (Malay: Kursus Asas Pasukan Aturgerak Cepat — APAC) of 10th Parachute Brigade. 10 female paratroopers pass the course and been attached to the 8 RRD (Para) from 30 December 2005 to 22 August 2008 for experimental purposes.[3] The pioneer female paratroopers are:

1. Ranger Hazlinah Saiful
2. Ranger Quenty Ajie
3. Ranger Pria Grey
4. Ranger Agilendeswiraraj Moganaraja
5. Ranger Norbaizura Md Nordin
6. Ranger Noreen A. Kadir
7. Ranger Nurul Sakinnah Ahmad
8. Ranger Rosmidah Suman
9. Ranger Siti Hajar Yaakub — Killed during parachuting exercise on 2 December 2007[6]
10. Ranger Suraya Ali

Formation

Current formation

The 8 RRD (Para) is based at Wellington Camp, Terendak, Malacca since November 1984. There are 7 paratrooper companies and 1 welfare organisation under 8 RRD.

Current Formation of 8 RRD (Para)[3]

Name	Type
Battalion HQ	Battalion's management and administration
Alpha Company	Airborne light infantry company
Bravo Company	Airborne light infantry company
Charlie Company	Airborne light infantry company
Delta Company	Airborne light infantry company
Support Company	Mortar, heavy machine-gun, anti-tank and communications support
HQ Company	Service support
BAKAT 8 RRD PARA	Family welfare support for the battalion

Ngelaban Platoon, 8 Ranger

The Platun Ngelaban ('Lightning Platoon', Malay: Platun Kilat) of the 8 Ranger was a strike team for the 8 Ranger. Each battalion in the Ranger Regiment has their own Platun Ngelaban. This platoon disbanded on 8 August 1978 and succeeded by the UCIS Platoon, 8 Ranger. Became famous after one of its members awarded with the 2nd highest award for valour in Malaysia – the Star of the Commander of Valour (Malay: Pingat Gagah Berani – PGB).[3]

UCIS Platoon, 8 Ranger

The Unit Combat Intelligence Section (UCIS) Platoon of the 8 Ranger (Malay: Platun Risik Tempur 8 Ranger) was a combat intelligence and reconnaissance platoon for the 8 RRD. This platoon became famous after two of its members awarded with the 2nd highest award for valour in Malaysia – the Star of the Commander of Valour (PGB). Established on 8 August 1978, this platoon is the successor for Platun Ngelaban, gets its fame during military operations in Perak-Kelantan borders in the year 1979 to 1980.[3] Later, all UCIS Platoons in Malaysian Army disbanded and replaced with Reconnaissance Platoon and Sniper Platoon.[7][8]

Customs and traditions

8 RRD's green and red cap badge backing with Royal Ranger Regiment's badge

HRH Putra of Perlis' Bronze Cup.

8 RRD's silver-plated steel helmet.

Colours

• Green – Symbolise of battalion's readiness
• Red – Symbolise of always prepared

Uniforms

Rifle green beret with black hackle

The rifle green beret and black hackle symbolised the light infantry status of the Royal Ranger Regiment. The Malaysian Ranger Regiment (the then name for Royal Ranger Regiment) functions initially as light infantry and scouts thus, the regiment influenced by the Royal Irish Fusiliers (later become Royal Irish Rangers in 1968) of British Army.[4] Today, non-RDF trained members of 8 RRD (Para) wore this beret. Before 10 October 1994, all 8 RRD members wore this beret.[3]

Maroon beret

The maroon beret symbolised the airborne ability of this battalion. The Parachute Regiment of the British Army heavily influenced the Malaysian Army airborne force establishment.[4] All RDF trained 8 RRD members to start wearing this beret since 10 October 1994.

Ceremonial objects

HRH Putra of Perlis' Bronze Cup

The main ceremonial objects of the 8 RRD (Para). Granted by HRH Putra of Perlis to 8 RRD on 5 October 1989. The bronze cup symbolised the battalion's readiness to bear any responsibility given by higher command to them. Made with pure bronze, the cup is 24.5 centimetres (9.6 in) tall and weight 2.76 kilograms (6.1 lb).[3]

Battalion's steel helmet

Steel helmet is a military attire that hand out by the Malaysian Army to military units that attached under Rajang Area Security Command (RASCOM) during Communist insurgency in Sarawak. 8 RRD stationed there for a few years. 8 RRD silver plated a steel helmet and made it as battalion's ceremonial objects.[3]

Ceremonial weapon

The ceremonial weapon of 8 RRD (Para) is a silver kris. Granted by HRH Putra of Perlis on 29 June 1999 to celebrate 8 RRD become a part of a Malaysian Army elite unit. Symbolised of a warrior.[3]

Commander's parachute wings

The latest ceremonial objects for 8 RRD (Para). It is a ceremonial object granted by the 24th Commander of 8 RRD, Lieutenant Colonel Zulkifli Raub, on 1 March 2020 to the battalion because of the 8 RRD is the pioneer airborne element in the 10th Parachute Brigade.[3]

Killed in the line of duty

Rank	Name	Year of Death	Circumstances
Lance corporal	Abd Wahid Daing Malinda	24 February 1976	Step on landmine during an operation in Lundu, Sarawak
Ranger	Hamdan Kuncit	24 February 1976	Step on landmine during an operation in Lundu, Sarawak
Ranger	Jus Kisu	8 April 1976	Fall from military vehicle during an operation in Lundu, Sarawak
Ranger	Mohd Seruji Harun	3 July 1977	Hit by booby trap while in combat during Operation Cahaya Bena Satu in Southern Thailand
Ranger	Vasant Singh	12 February 1978	Drown during an operation in Julong, Perak
Second lieutenant	Abdullah Saad	19 June 1978	Killed in action (KIA) during Operation Setia 12 in Keramat Pulai, Perak
Lance corporal	Mohammad Ali	19 June 1978	KIA during Operation Setia 12 in Keramat Pulai, Perak
Ranger	Saimon Jalal	15 September 1978	KIA during Operation Sawadee in Southern Thailand
Ranger	Ramli Othman	1 June 1979	KIA during Operation Setia 8 in Korbu Lasah, Perak
Ranger	Baharuddin Yahaya	1 June 1979	KIA during Operation Setia 8 in Korbu Lasah, Perak
Ranger	Talip Tibong	24 February 1980	KIA during Operation Setia 2/80 in Tanah Hitam, Perak
Lance corporal	Jihed Nyamoi	10 March 1980	Food poisoning during Operation Setia 3/80 in Gopeng, Perak
Lance corporal	Lemon Rona	5 April 1980	KIA during Operation Setia 3/80 in Gopeng, Perak
Ranger	Jackson Samuel	24 April 1983	KIA during Operation Jala Aman 1 in Naman Asan, Sibu, Sarawak
Ranger	Jalal Kadir	24 April 1983	KIA during Operation Jala Aman 1 in Naman Asan, Sibu, Sarawak
Ranger	Norizan Abdul Rahman	15 August 2001	Suffering from Pulmonary Haemorrhage during Operation KOTA Foxtrot Series 2/2001
Ranger	Siti Hajar Yaakub	2 December 2007	Drown during the parachute rehearsal for the LIMA[6]
Corporal	Mohamad Safuan Hassan	25 June 2018	Crushed by tree during Operation KOTA Foxtrot Series 2/2018
Lance corporal	Fahrurozi Abd Manaf	25 June 2018	Crushed by tree during Operation KOTA Foxtrot Series 2/2018

Notable battles

Battle of Mount Penrissen 1975

On 2 October 1975, a section from Ngelaban Platoon, 8 Ranger led by Sergeant Gandat Merdan were conducting a manhunt mission at Mount Penrissen, Sarawak, near to Malaysia-Indonesia border. The section split into two teams, the main team and one small patrol team consisting of three soldiers, Ranger Beliang, Ranger Frederick and Ranger Baru. The team of three soldiers then came across an enemy camp. While the team was scouting the camp, the enemy ambushed them. Even though outnumbered, Ranger Beliang led the team and killed one enemy. Hearing the sound of a gunfight, Sergeant Gandat with the main team came to give fire support and defeat the rest of the enemy. Later, they found that the enemy killed by Ranger Beliang is Lee Lip Pong, the leader Sarawak Communist and the most wanted person in Sarawak. Ranger Beliang was promoted to the rank of Lance Corporal for this battle. He was later awarded with the second-highest decorations for valour, the Star of the Commander of Valour (Malay: Panglima Gagah Berani — PGB) for heroism at the Battle of Gopeng 1977.[3]

Battle of Gopeng 1977

In December 1977, during Operation Tanduk at Gopeng, Perak, Captain Patrick Wong Sing Nang led a squad of 10 men conducting a routine patrol in the jungle. He split his squad into two smaller 5-men teams, and the second team is a recce team led by Sergeant Gandat Merdan. When patrolling, Captain Patrick Wong and his 5-men team were under attack. He has been shot at the chest and three others seriously wounded from been shot. Only Lance Corporal Beliang unharmed. During the panic, one soldier from Sergeant Gandat's team wounded after step on a booby trap. Captain Patrick Wong then ask for medevac via helicopter. While waiting for medevac, Lance Corporal Beliang is alone defending his injured teammates from enemies fire. Even though he is seriously injured, Captain Patrick Wong stays with Lance Corporal Beliang and they providing cover fire for the medevac. He is the last man among the casualties been evacuated. Because of he prioritises his men over himself, Captain Patrick Wong is mentioned in dispatches (Malay: Kepujian Perutusan Keberanian — KPK) by His Majesty the King of Malaysia.[9] Lance Corporal Beliang Bali awarded with the second-highest decorations for valour, the Star of the Commander of Valour (PGB) for his heroic defending his injured teammates.[3]

Raid on Korbu Reserve Forest 1979

On 1 June 1979, the UCIS Platoon of 8 Ranger led by Second Lieutenant Govinda Raj Kanappan and one company from 8 Ranger led by Captain Othman conducting a raid on enemy camp in Korbu Reserve Forest, Fort Legap, Perak. The UCIS Platoon split into two groups. The second group is a recce team led by Sergeant Kanang Langkau. One of recce's member is Corporal Micheal Riman. The recce team went ahead to scouts the area and markings the enemy sentries' locations. Captain Othman and his soldiers approaching the recce team before raiding the camp. The recce team initiated the raid after Sergeant Kanang shoots a sentry with an M79 grenade launcher. Even though outnumbered, the recce team managed to capture the camp, with the cover fire support from Captain Othman's company. Corporal Micheal Riman has been shot at his right arm. During the raid, they killed five enemies, while losing two soldiers. Sergeant Kanang and Corporal Micheal Riman awarded with the second-highest decorations for valour, the Star of the Commander of Valour (PGB) for this raid.[3]

Battle of Tanah Hitam 1980

In February 1980, Sergeant Kanang Langkau commanding a platoon from Charlie Company, 8 Ranger for a manhunt mission at Tanah Hitam, Chemor, Perak. The platoon came across a group of enemy and manages to kill one. A few days later, on 19 February, Sergeant Kanang spotted a booby trap. While stopping to check the trap, a group of enemy ambushed the Sergeant Kanang's platoon. The ambush injured three members of the platoon, a sergeant, a medic and Sergeant Kanang. Even though been shot at chest and stomach, Sergeant Kanang takes the command and led his platoon to counter the ambush and won the battle. Sergeant Kanang awarded with the highest decorations for valour, the Grand Knight of Valour (Malay: Darjah Kebesaran Seri Pahlawan Gagah Perkasa — SP) for this battle.[3]

List of Commanders

No.		Commander	Took office	Left office	Time in office	Ref
1		Lieutenant Colonel Mokhtar Ismail	4 September 1973	1 July 1974	300 days	[3]
2		Lieutenant Colonel Raja Abdul Rashid Raja Badiozaman	2 July 1974	1 January 1976	1 year, 183 days	[3]
3		Lieutenant Colonel Sulaiman Kudus	2 January 1976	26 December 1977	1 year, 358 days	[3]
4		Lieutenant Colonel Khairudin Shaarin	27 December 1977	6 August 1978	222 days	[3]
5		Lieutenant Colonel C. A. Loone	7 August 1978	30 June 1980	1 year, 328 days	[3]
6		Lieutenant Colonel Wan Mohamed Ahmad	1 July 1980	31 December 1981	1 year, 183 days	[3]
7		Lieutenant Colonel Vethakan Pakian Nathan	1 January 1982	31 January 1984	2 years, 30 days	[3]
8		Lieutenant Colonel Pak Wan Chek Hashim	1 February 1984	31 December 1986	2 years, 333 days	[3]
9		Lieutenant Colonel Muhamad Afifi Kasim	21 January 1987	13 August 1989	2 years, 204 days	[3]
10		Lieutenant Colonel Aziz Rashid	14 August 1989	2 January 1992	2 years, 141 days	[3]
11		Lieutenant Colonel Awie Suboh (born 1953)	3 January 1992	30 June 1994	2 years, 178 days	[3]
12		Lieutenant Colonel John Derick @ Osman Ab Jalil	1 July 1994	30 June 1996	1 year, 365 days	[3]
13		Lieutenant Colonel Ranjit Singh Ramday	1 July 1996	9 October 1999	3 years, 100 days	[3]
14		Lieutenant Colonel Toh Choon Siang	10 October 1999	2 July 2002	2 years, 265 days	[3]
15		Lieutenant Colonel Shaari Baba	3 July 2002	29 July 2004	2 years, 26 days	[3]
16		Lieutenant Colonel Lim Kiat Choy	30 July 2004	1 August 2006	2 years, 2 days	[3]
17		Lieutenant Colonel Khalid Sah Hamzah	2 August 2006	14 January 2008	1 year, 165 days	[3]
18		Lieutenant Colonel Zainuddin Mustafa	15 January 2008	30 June 2008	167 days	[3]
19		Lieutenant Colonel Rosli Bahrun	1 July 2008	3 August 2010	2 years, 33 days	[3]
20		Lieutenant Colonel Ivan Lee Synn Leng	4 August 2010	15 July 2012	1 year, 346 days	[3]
21		Lieutenant Colonel Norulhisyam Md Shuib	16 July 2012	15 July 2014	1 year, 364 days	[3]
22		Lieutenant Colonel Akasah Mastar	16 July 2014	10 January 2017	2 years, 178 days	[3]
23		Lieutenant Colonel Muhammad Samzie Gusang	11 January 2017	21 March 2019	2 years, 69 days	[3]
24		Lieutenant Colonel Zulkifli Raub	22 March 2019	21 August 2020	1 year, 153 days	[10]
25		Lieutenant Colonel Zahari Affandi Mat Nor	22 August 2020	Incumbent	166 days

Notable members

Kanang Langkau

Warrant Officer I (Rtd.) Temenggung Datuk Kanang anak Langkau, SP PGB PGBK PBS, (2 March 1945–3 January 2013) was the most well-known Malaysian heroes. He won the highest Malaysian decorations for valour, the Grand Knight of Valour (Malay: Darjah Kebesaran Seri Pahlawan Gagah Perkasa — SP) and the second-highest military award, the Star of the Commander of Valour (Malay: Panglima Gagah Berani — PGB) during two operations at Perak-Kelantan borders in 1979 and 1980. He was the only Malaysian awarded with both decorations. Born in Sarikei, Sarawak, he enlisted to British Army on 21 April 1962 (at that time, British rules Sarawak). Kanang assigned to the 42 Commando as Iban Tracker (Scouts unit that only consists of soldiers from Sarawak) during Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989). He later transferred to the 1st Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (1RNZIR) and then absorbed to the Malaysian Army in 1973. He was the UCIS Platoon 8 Ranger's Platoon sergeant and 8 RRD's Regimental sergeant major. After retiring from armed services with the rank of Warrant Officer I (WO1; NATO: OR-9), he then elected as the Temenggung ('Paramount Leader') of Iban people.[11]

Micheal Riman Bugat

Major (Rtd.) Quartermaster Micheal Riman anak Bugat, PGB, (born on 8 March 1954, in Saribas, Sarawak) is one of the Malaysian heroes from the Malaysian Army. He won the Star of the Commander of Valour (PGB) during Raid on Korbu Reserve Forest 1979 in Perak. At that time, his rank is Corporal and together with Sergeant Kanang Anak Langkau, they are members of UCIS Platoon, 8 Ranger. Enlisted to Malaysian Army on 22 June 1973, he then assigned to the 8 Ranger. He later commissioned as an officer. Retired from the Malaysian Army with the rank of Major Quartermaster (NATO: OF-3) after serving for 31 years.[11]

Beliang Bali

Warrant Officer I (Rtd.) Beliang anak Bali, PGB, (born on 6 October 1953, in Sri Aman, Sarawak) is one of the Malaysian heroes from the Malaysian Army. He won the Star of the Commander of Valour (PGB) during Battle of Gopeng 1977 in Perak. During the battle, Lance Corporal Beliang, who is a members of Ngelaban Platoon, and his 5-men team came under attack by communist terrorist. Except him, all of his teammates have an injury, including the commanding officer, Captain Wong Sing Nang. With the help en route, Lance Corporal Beliang is alone while defending his injured teammates from the insurgents while waiting for incoming help. He retired from the Malaysian Army with the rank of Warrant Officer I (WO1; NATO: OR-9) after serving for 21 years.[3]

Awie Suboh

Lieutenant General (Rtd.) Dato' Awie bin Suboh, DPMJ, (born in 1953, in Sri Aman, Sarawak) is the first Sarawakian be promoted to a 3-star general in the Malaysian Armed Forces. He enters the armed forces on 1 December 1972. Commissioned as an army officer on 15 May 1975, his first unit is 4th Battalion, Malaysian Ranger Regiment. He later volunteers and passes the commando course. Awie assigned as the Commander of 8 RRD after promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. In 1987, Awie and 9 other ranks from 8 RRD pass airborne course and became the pioneer infantry paratrooper in the Malaysian Army. He then became the Commander of 9th Infantry Brigade in 2004, and later as the Commander of 21st Special Service Group in 2006. He retired as the Commander of 1st Division (1 Div) on 13 November 2011, with the rank of Lieutenant-general (NATO: OF-8) after serving for 38 years, 11 months and 12 days. His past positions including Deputy Chief of Army.[12][5]

References

1. "Galeri Pasukan". Batalion Ke-8 Rejimen Renjer Diraja (Para) (in Malay). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
2. D Swami, Major (Rtd.) (2020-01-13). "History of the Rangers: History of 8th Rangers (Para)". History of Malaysian Rangers (in Malay). Retrieved 2020-08-30.
3. Fathi Kamil Khazali, Captain; Azman Humjak; Nicholas Vienlis Bato; Muhammad Razif Anzeli; Jarod Jonep (2018). Buku Profil Pasukan (in Malay). Batalion Kelapan Rejimen Renjer Diraja.
4. Shamsul Afkar Abd Rahman (2013). History of Special Operations Forces in Malaysia (PDF). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
5. "No regrets joining the army — Awie Suboh". Borneo Post Online. 2011-07-30. Retrieved 2020-09-09.
6. "Dad accepts Siti's death as job hazard". The Star. 2007-12-03. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
7. "UCIS Telah Digantikan Dengan Platun Tnjau (Recon)". Malaysia Military Power (in Malay). 2016-01-02. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
8. M.Daim (2019-11-23). "Bagi masa setengah jam atau ambil mayat saya balik". Air Times News Network. Retrieved 2020-09-05.
9. "Injured army captain refused to leave his men behind". The Star. 2016-09-16. Retrieved 2020-09-11.
10. Adam Mohd Isa, Lieutenant (21 August 2020). "Majlis Doa Selamat Serah Terima Tugas Pegawai Memerintah 8 RRD (Para)". Berita Tentera Darat Malaysia (in Malay). Retrieved 10 September 2020.
11. "Tentera Darat Malaysia - Mengenai Kami". army.mod.gov.my (in Malay). Retrieved 2020-09-06.
12. "Awie anak Sarawak pertama sandang Panglima 1 Divisyen Tentera Darat". Dewan Pemuda Pas Sarawak (in Malay). 2009-07-09. Retrieved 2020-09-09.