32nd Engineer Regiment (Italy)
The 32nd Engineer Regiment (Italian: 32° Reggimento Genio Guastatori) is a military engineer regiment of the Italian Army based in Fossano in Piedmont. Raised on 24 September 2004 it is the youngest engineer regiment of the Italian Army and specializes in mountain combat. Its name was chosen to commemorate the XXXII Sapper Battalion, which fought in the Western Desert Campaign of World War II, while the regiment's only battalion, the XXX Sappers Battalion, fought in the Italian campaign on the Eastern Front. Since its reformation on 1 September 2002 as 32nd Engineer Battalion the unit has been part of the Alpine Brigade "Taurinense". Together with the other units of the Taurinense the regiment shares the right to wear the distinctive Cappello Alpino.[3]
32nd Engineer Regiment | |
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32° Reggimento Genio Guastatori | |
Regimental coat of arms | |
Active | 24 September 2004 - today[1] |
Country | Italy |
Branch | Italian Army |
Role | Combat engineers |
Part of | Alpine Brigade "Taurinense" |
Garrison/HQ | Fossano |
Motto(s) | "Fino alla fine" |
Anniversaries | 24 June 1918 - Second Battle of the Piave River |
Engagements | World War II War in Afghanistan |
Decorations | 1x Silver Medal of Military Valour 1x Bronze Medal of Military Valour[2] |
Insignia | |
Alpine sappers gorget patches | |
Alpine sappers Nappina |
History
XXXII Sappers Battalion
On 1 December 1940 the Royal Italian Army Engineer School in Civitavecchia raised the 3rd Engineer Company "Folgore" ("Thunderbolt") and the 4th Engineer Company "Uragano" ("Hurricane"). At the same time the school also raised the companies which would go on to form the VIII, XXX, and XXXI sapper battalions. On 14 January 1941 the two companies were sent to Libya, where they formed a provisional battalion under the 1st Special Engineer Grouping. As part of Rommel's Afrika Korps the battalion participated in Rommel's first offensive Operation Sonnenblume. On 15 August 1941, congruent to the activation of Panzer Army Africa], the battalion was renamed XXXII Sappers Battalion and participated in all battles of the Western Desert Campaign until the battalion was disbanded on 1 August 1942 after having suffered heavy casualties during the First Battle of El Alamein. The 70 survivors of the battalion were transferred to the XXXI Sappers Battalion, which was attached to the 185th Paratroopers Division "Folgore" for the Second Battle of El Alamein. After the defeat at El Alamein the XXXI Sappers Battalion retreated with the rest of the Italian-German forces to Tunisia, where it surrendered at the end of the Tunisian Campaign on 13 May 1943.[4][1] For its service in North Africa the XXXII Sappers Battalion was awarded a Bronze Medal of Military Valour.[2]
XXX Sappers Battalion
The XXX Sappers Battalion headquarters was activated on 15 March 1941 by the depot of the 4th Engineer Regiment in Verona with the 5th Engineer Company "Tormenta" ("Blizzard"), 6th Engineer Company "Teste Dure" ("Hard Skulls"), and 9th Engineer Company "Valanga" ("Avalanche"), which had all been raised earlier by the Engineer School in Civitavecchia. At the time of the battalion's founding the three companies were fighting in the Greco-Italian War and the headquarters quickly travelled to Albania to take command of its units. After the German invasion of Greece and the Greek surrender the battalion returned to Italy and was garrisoned in Ronchi dei Legionari. During this time the 6th company was transferred to the 80th Airlanding Division "La Spezia" and the 5th company changed its number to 6th.[5]
On 17 March 1942 the battalion was assigned to support the Alpini of the Alpine Army Corps of the 8th Italian Army, which was sent to the Eastern Front. The battalion left Italy on 21 July 1942 and arrived in Voroshilovgrad in early September 1942 and entered soon after the front at the Don. The battalion retreated with the Alpine Corps after the second stage of the Soviet Operation Little Saturn had broken the front on both flanks of the Italian 8th Army. The retreat through the frozen steppe and constant skirmishes with Soviet forces decimated the XXX battalion, which barely escaped annihilation during the Battle of Nikolayevka. Of the 23 officers, 30 non-commissioned officers and 427 soldiers present on 1 January 1943 only 121 survived the retreat from the Don and the Battle of Nikolayevka. The battalion was disbanded in late January for the losses it had suffered and in 1988 the XXX Sappers Battalion was awarded a Silver Medal of Military Valour for its conduct in Ukraine and Russia.[2][5]
Cold War
During the 1975 army reform the Italian Army reorganized the XXXI Sappers Fortification Battalion into the 3rd Engineer Battalion "Verbano" with the 30th, 31st, and 32nd companies, each of which carried on the traditions of one of the three World War II-era battalions.
Recent times
On 1 September 2002 the 32nd Engineer Battalion was reformed in Turin by reorganized the 2nd Railway Engineer Battalion of the Railway Engineer Regiment. The battalion was merged on the same date with the Engineer Company of the Alpine Brigade "Taurinense" and entered the brigade as its engineer unit.[4][1]
On 29 September 2004 the battalion was renamed XXX Sappers Battalion and entered in the newly formed 32nd Engineer Regiment, thus unifying and continuing the traditions of two of the World War II battalions in one unit. On 15 December 2016 the regiment moved from Turin to Fossano.[4][1]
Current structure
As of 2019 the 32nd Engineer Regiment consists of:[6]
- Regimental Command, in Fossano
- 5th Command and Logistic Support Company
- XXX Sappers Battalion
- 3rd Mobility Support Company "Folgore"
- 4th Deployment Support Company "Uragano"
- 6th Sappers Company "Tormenta"
- 9th Sappers Company "Valanga"
The Command and Logistic Support Company fields the following platoons: C3 Platoon, Transport and Materiel Platoon, Medical Platoon, Commissariat Platoon, and EOD Platoon. Each of the two sapper companies fields a Command Platoon, an Advanced Combat Reconnaissance Teams Platoon, and two sapper platoons. The Deployment Support Company and Mobility Support Company field the battalion's heavy military engineering vehicles: Biber bridgelayers, Dachs armored engineer vehicles, cranes, excavators, Medium Girder Bridges etc. The sapper companies and Command and Logistic Support Company are equipped with VTLM "Lince" and VTMM "Orso" vehicles.
See also
External links
References
- "2° Reggimento Genio Guastatori - La Storia". Italian Army. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
- "32° Reggimento Genio Guastatori - Il Medagliere". Italian Army. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
- "32° Reggimento Genio Guastatori". Italian Army. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
- "La Storia del 32° Reggimento Genio Guastatori". Associazione Nazionale Genieri e Trasmettitori d'Italia. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- "XXX btg.gua". Gruppo Nazionale Guastatori del Genio. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
- "32° Reggimento Genio Guastatori". Ministero della Difesa. Retrieved 4 December 2019.