2 Peter 1

2 Peter 1 is the first chapter of the Second Epistle of Peter in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The author identifies himself as "Simon Peter, a bondservant and apostle of Jesus Christ" and the epistle is traditionally attributed to Peter the Apostle, but there are charges that it is a work of Peter's followers between 60-90 CE.[1][2][3]

2 Peter 1
1 Peter 5:12–end and 2 Peter 1:1–5 on facing pages of Papyrus 72 (3rd/4th century)
BookSecond Epistle of Peter
CategoryGeneral epistles
Christian Bible partNew Testament
Order in the Christian part22

Text

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 21 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:

Relationship with the Epistle of Jude

There is an obvious relationship between the texts of 2 Peter and the Epistle of Jude.[5] The shared passages are:[6]

2 PeterJude
1:53
1:125
2:14
2:46
2:67
2:10–118–9
2:1210
2:13–1711–13
3:2-317-18
3:1424
3:1825

Salutation (1:1–2)
2 Peter 1:1-2 with a commentary in Minuscule 2818.

Verse 1
Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ,
to them that have obtained like precious faith with us through the righteousness of God and our Saviour Jesus Christ:[7]
  • "Simon" (Ancient Greek: Συμεὼν, Symeōn[8]): a transliteration of the Hebrew name (cf. Acts 15:14), used together with "Peter" (as in Matthew 16:16) as a reminder of 'the change grace had brought about in the apostle's life'.[9]
  • "A servant and an apostle": 1 Peter 1 uses only the second title, whereas Jude uses the first.[9] The apostle calls himself with these titles to emphasize his authority as someone who is merely a slave but fully commissioned by his Master for his work.[9]
  • "Obtained" (Greek: λαχοῦσιν, lachousin[8]) or "received",[10] with a meaning of "obtained by lot", implying "grace", not "merit", as the source of this gift.[9]

A call to spiritual growth (1:3–11)

As Christians have obtained the "power" and "promise" for their resources, Peter urges that they "make every effort" (verse 5) to achieve the goal, that is "to grow to be like Jesus", following the steps towards it (verses 5–7):[11]

love
brotherly kindness
godliness
perseverance
self-control
knowledge
goodness
faith[11]

Reasons for the emphasis (1:12–21)

Verse 18
And we heard this voice which came from heaven when we were with Him on the holy mountain.[12]

Reference to Transfiguration of Jesus (Matthew 17:1–12; Mark 9:2–13; Luke 9:28–36)

  • "The holy mountain": the mountain was sacred because it became 'the scene of a divine revelation' (cf. Exodus 3:5; 19:23).[13]

See also

References
  1. Duff 2007, p. 1271.
  2. Davids, Peter H (1982). I Howard Marshall and W Ward Gasque (ed.). New International Greek Testament Commentary: The Epistle of James (Repr. ed.). Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans. ISBN 0802823882.
  3. Evans, Craig A (2005). Craig A Evans (ed.). Bible Knowledge Background Commentary: John, Hebrews-Revelation. Colorado Springs, Colo.: Victor. ISBN 0781442281.
  4. Eberhard Nestle, Erwin Nestle, Barbara Aland and Kurt Aland (eds), Novum Testamentum Graece, 26th edition, (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1991), p. 689.
  5. Callan 2004, p. 42.
  6. Robinson 2017, p. 10.
  7. 2 Peter 1:1 KJV
  8. Greek Text Analysis: 2 Peter 1:1. Biblehub.com
  9. Wheaton 1994, p. 1389.
  10. Note [a] on 2 Peter 1:1 in NKJV
  11. Wheaton 1994, p. 1390.
  12. 2 Peter 1:18 NKJV
  13. Wheaton 1994, p. 1391.

Sources
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