2015 Valencia City Council election

The 2015 Valencia City Council election, also the 2015 Valencia municipal election, was held on Sunday, 24 May 2015, to elect the 10th City Council of the municipality of Valencia. All 33 seats in the City Council were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with regional elections in thirteen autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.

2015 Valencia City Council election
24 May 2015
All 33 seats in the City Council of Valencia
17 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered582,804 0.5%
Turnout420,307 (72.1%)
2.7 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Rita Barberá Joan Ribó Fernando Giner
Party PP Compromís C's
Leader since 1991 7 May 2010 28 March 2015
Last election 20 seats, 52.5% 3 seats, 9.0% Did not contest
Seats won 10 9 6
Seat change 10 6 6
Popular vote 107,435 97,114 64,228
Percentage 25.8% 23.3% 15.4%
Swing 26.7 pp 14.3 pp New party
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Joan Calabuig Jordi Peris Amadeu Sanchis
Party PSPV–PSOE VALC AC
Leader since 3 October 2010 10 April 2015 2004
Last election 8 seats, 21.8% Did not contest 2 seats, 8.7%[lower-alpha 1]
Seats won 5 3 0
Seat change 3 3 2
Popular vote 58,338 40,927 19,639
Percentage 14.0% 9.8% 4.7%
Swing 7.8 pp New party 4.0 pp
Mayor before election

Rita Barberá
PP

 Elected Mayor

Joan Ribó
Compromís

The unveiling of a string of corruption scandals during the 2011–2015 period, coupled with a heavily criticised abuse of power and a perceived poor management of the economic situation, had taken its toll in the ruling People's Party (PP), which went on to suffer a dramatic decline, losing over half of its vote share and city councillors and scoring its worst result since 1991. The election turned into a surprising close race between the PP and Valencianist coalition Compromís, which nearly overcame the PP as the most-voted political force.

The Socialist Party of the Valencian Country (PSPV), unable to capitalize on the PP losses, continued on its long-term decline and fell to fourth place, its votes being swayed away by both Compromís and newly created Podemos-led Valencia in Common coalition. Centrist Citizens (C's), contesting a municipal election for the first time, turned into the third political force thanks to its caption of disenchanted PP voters, while historical United Left of the Valencian Country (EUPV), standing within the Acord Ciutadà coalition (Valencian for "Citizen Agreement"), was expelled from the City Council.

As a result of the election, with the PP unable to command a majority of seats in the City Council even with the support of C's, incumbent Mayor Rita Barberá was ousted from office after 24 years in power, being succeeded by Compromís candidate Joan Ribó. The 2015 election marked the end of the two decade-long PP political dominance over both the city and the whole of the Valencian Community, losing control of the regional government, as well as that of all provincial capitals and most major cities in the region, to left-wing coalitions and alliances.

Electoral system

The City Council of Valencia (Valencian: Ajuntament de València, Spanish: Ayuntamiento de Valencia) was the top-tier administrative and governing body of the municipality of Valencia, composed of the mayor, the government council and the elected plenary assembly.[1] Elections to the local councils in Spain were fixed for the fourth Sunday of May every four years.[2]

Voting for the local assembly was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over eighteen, registered and residing in the municipality of Valencia and in full enjoyment of their political rights, as well as resident non-national European citizens and those whose country of origin allowed Spanish nationals to vote in their own elections by virtue of a treaty. Local councillors were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each local council. Parties not reaching the threshold were not taken into consideration for seat distribution.[1][2] Councillors were allocated to municipal councils based on the following scale:

Population Councillors
<100 3
101–250 5
251–1,000 7
1,001–2,000 9
2,001–5,000 11
5,001–10,000 13
10,001–20,000 17
20,001–50,000 21
50,001–100,000 25
>100,001 +1 per each 100,000 inhabitants or fraction
+1 if total is an even number

The mayor was indirectly elected by the plenary assembly. A legal clause required that mayoral candidates earned the vote of an absolute majority of councillors, or else the candidate of the most-voted party in the assembly was to be automatically appointed to the post. In the event of a tie, a toss-up would determine the appointee.[1]

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of a determined amount of the electors registered in the municipality for which they were seeking election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. For the case of Valencia, as its population was between 300,001 and 1,000,000, at least 5,000 signatures were required.[2]

Background

People's Party (PP) candidate Rita Barberá was appointed to a sixth term as Mayor of Valencia after her party won a fifth consecutive absolute majority in the City Council in the 2011 election. Then-ruling Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) had suffered a serious decline in popular support nationwide after Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's government had been forced to approve unpopular austerity measures to try to tackle the economic situation. The PP benefitted from the PSOE's collapse, which helped cement its landslide victory by an absolute majority of seats in the 2011 general election held on 20 November and paving the way for the investiture of Mariano Rajoy as new Prime Minister.

However, the PP in the city of Valencia had already shown signs of political wear in the 2011 election—when it suffered a slight decrease in support—as a result of Barberá's continuous tenure as city Mayor since 1991, as well as the unveiling of the Gürtel corruption scandal in 2009. The scandal would result in regional President Francisco Camps' resignation in July 2011, just one month after taking office, with Alberto Fabra succeeding him as regional premier.[3][4] The following years saw the unveiling of a series of corruption scandals that affected the PPCV, involving party MPs,[5] mayors,[6] local councillors,[7] two Courts' speakers[8] and that also reached former regional President José Luis Olivas.[9] The regional party leadership also had to cope with accusations of illegal financing[10] as well as possible embezzlement in the additional costs incurred in the Formula 1 project and Pope Benedict XVI's 2006 visit to Valencia, accusations that also reached Barberá's local government.[11][12]

At the same time, both the regional and local governments had to deal with the effects of an ongoing financial crisis. The regional executive was forced to ask for a bailout from the central government headed by Rajoy in July 2012,[13] with its economic situation remaining severe because of high unemployment and debt. The decision of Fabra's government to close down RTVV, the regional public television broadcasting channel, because of financing issues, was also met with widespread protests.[14][15]

The 2014 European Parliament election, which resulted in enormous losses for the PP in the entire Valencian Community, paved the way for the rise of new parties Podemos, Compromís and Citizens, with the PSOE local branch, the Socialist Party of the Valencian Country (PSPV), finding itself unable to gain any of the PP's lost support.[16] As a result, the ruling PP faced the 2015 election with a severe decline in popular support, an increase of electoral competitiveness and the shadow of corruption looming over the local PP leadership.

Parties and leaders

Below is a list of the main parties and coalitions which contested the election:

Parties and coalitions Ideology Candidate
People's Party (PP) Conservatism, Christian democracy Rita Barberá
Socialist Party of the Valencian Country (PSPV–PSOE) Social democracy Joan Calabuig
Commitment to Valencia: Commitment (Compromís) Eco-socialism, Valencian nationalism Joan Ribó
Citizen Agreement (Acord Ciutadà) Democratic socialism, Valencian nationalism Amadeu Sanchis
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) Social liberalism, Radical centrism Eduardo Gómez
Valencia in Common (VALC) Left-wing populism Jordi Peris
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) Liberalism Fernando Giner

Campaign

Slogans
Parties and coalitions Original English translation Refs
PP "Trabajar. Hacer. Crecer." "Work. Do. Grow." [17]
PSPV–PSOE "Gobernar para la mayoría" "To govern for the majority" [17]
Compromís "Amb valentia/Con valentía" "With courage" [18]
Acord Ciutadà "Es tiempo de izquierda/És temps d'esquerres" "It is the time of the left" [17]
UPyD "Libres" "Free" [17]
C's "El cambio" "The change" [17]
VALC "Es ahora" "It is now" [17]

Issues

In April 2015, Compromís denounced Mayor Rita Barberá's expenses using public funds during 2011 and 2014, believing they could be embezzlement as they were not related to municipal functions but to party acts. The leaked bills, a total of 466 throughout the legislature amounting to expenditures worth of 278,000 euros, included payments for air travel, train tickets, car trips, hotels and restaurants. Compromís candidate Joan Ribó commented that "at a time when there are 85,000 unemployed in Valencia and it is the city with the highest number of evictions per capita, it is obscene, unsupportive and unethical to find all these luxury expenses".[19]

During the election campaign, the public prosecutor announced that it would open an investigation of Barberá's expenses, which it would link to the already ongoing investigation on her because of luxury gifts worth 7,600 euros she would have allegedly received between 2007 and 2009 from a public body chaired by herself.[20] The unveiling of such practices was dubbed as the "Ritaleaks case"—in reference to Rita Barberá's name—by opposition parties, which believed that such expenses were part of a larger scheme that maintained an illegal funding of the Valencian PP through public funds.[21] The expenses scandal dominated the political landscape during the campaign, with Barberá herself being frequently booed during outdoor political acts in markets. She responded by saying she was being the target of a defamation campaign orchestrated by Compromís, and denied committing any wrongdoing or misuse of public money.[22]

Another related scandal, the "Imelsa case", shook the PP campaign as EUPV leaked recordings allegedly belonging to public entity Imelsa former director, Marcos Benavent. Such recordings involved senior party officials, such as Xàtiva Mayor and President of the Valencia Deputation Alfonso Rus, in an alleged illegal financing network of the Valencian PP.[23][24] The PP denounced Rus and expelled him from the party just 20 days ahead of the election, but he refused to withdraw as candidate and continued campaigning as an independent; the PP being unable to contest the local election in Xàtiva in a separate list.[25][26]

Opinion polls

The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font. 17 seats were required for an absolute majority in the City Council of Valencia.

Color key:

  Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls   Exit poll

Results
← Summary of the 24 May 2015 City Council of Valencia election results →
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 107,43525.77–26.77 10–10
Commitment to Valencia: Commitment (Compromís) 97,11423.30+14.27 9+6
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 64,22815.41New 6+6
Socialist Party of the Valencian Country (PSPV–PSOE) 58,33814.00–7.76 5–3
Valencia in Common (VALC) 40,9279.82New 3+3
Citizen Agreement (EUPV–EV–ERPV)1 19,6394.71–4.01 0–2
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 5,7571.38–1.45 0±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 4,5181.08+0.63 0±0
Vox (Vox) 3,3530.80New 0±0
We Are Valencian (SOMVAL) 2,9760.71New 0±0
Democratic People (Poble) 2,8770.69New 0±0
Spain 2000 (E–2000) 1,3910.33–0.15 0±0
Blank Seats (EB) 7730.19New 0±0
Together (Junts)2 6460.15+0.08 0±0
Forward (Avant) 5420.13New 0±0
United for Valencia (UxV) 5110.12–0.05 0±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 4460.11±0.00 0±0
Neo-Democrats (Neodemócratas) 3070.07New 0±0
Republican Social Movement (MSR) 2700.06New 0±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 2280.05New 0±0
Blank ballots 4,5681.10–1.08
Total 416,844 33±0
Valid votes 416,84499.18+0.46
Invalid votes 3,4630.82–0.46
Votes cast / turnout 420,30772.12+2.71
Abstentions 162,49727.88–2.71
Registered voters 582,804
Sources[29][30][31]
Popular vote
PP
 
 25.77%
Compromís
 
 23.30%
C's
 
 15.41%
PSPV–PSOE
 
 14.00%
VALC
 
 9.82%
Acord Ciutadà
 
 4.71%
UPyD
 
 1.38%
PACMA
 
 1.08%
Others
 
 3.44%
Blank ballots
 
 1.10%
Seats
PP
 
 30.30%
Compromís
 
 27.27%
C's
 
 18.18%
PSPV–PSOE
 
 15.15%
VALC
 
 9.09%

Aftermath

Consequences

As election results were known, Mayor Rita Barberá conceded defeat to Joan Ribó from Compromís, whose surprise results (9 city councillors and 23.3% of the vote) allowed him to be appointed as new Mayor through an alliance with both the PSPV and the Valencia in Common coalition, as all three commanded an absolute majority of seats together. The PP had hoped to rely on support from newcomer centrist Citizens, but its 6 seats, together with the PP's 10, meant that they fell 1 seat short of an overall majority. Compromís' historic result came mostly at the cost of a declining PSPV, which fell to fourth place and obtained its worst result in history.

In her concession speech, Barberá stated that "I come with dignity, pride and gratitude to all Valencians that have allowed me to be Mayor for 24 years". On her party's result, which lost half of its 2011 vote and city councillors, she commented that "it is a bad result, I will not hide from it".[32] The shock from the PP collapse was such that, in a spontaneous reaction after learning of the election results, Barberá was recorded by cameras as saying "¡Qué hostia!...¡Qué hostia!" (Spanish for "What a whack!... what a whack!") while embracing a party colleague amid tears.[33]

The PP had still hoped that a last-minute failure from the three left-wing parties in reaching an agreement would allow Barberá to be re-elected to the post, as under the Spanish municipal electoral law, the candidate of the most-voted party was to be automatically elected in the event that no other candidate received an absolute majority of votes in the first round. However, on 13 June, Joan Ribó was appointed as new Mayor of Valencia thanks to the votes of the PSPV and VALC. Barberá, who had renounced her seat in the city council the previous day, did not attend Ribó's appointment.[34] The new PP local leader, Alfonso Novo, congratulated Ribó on his election and said the PP would maintain "institutional loyalty, but also firmness and exemplariness" in the new party's role as "opposition and control."[35]

Just seven months later, on 26 January 2016, a major police operation in Valencia would result in the arrest of several high-ranking members from the Valencian PP regional and local branches, as a consequence of the ongoing investigation on the PP's corruption in the region during its time in government.[36] Several days later, on 1 February, all 10 PP city councillors in the Valencia City Council, including Novo himself, would be charged for a money laundering offense, related to the party's illegal financing in the Valencian Community.[37] Judicial investigation pointed to former Mayor Rita Barberá also being involved in the scandal—that also covered the possible illegal funding of her 2015 election run[38]—with her arrest or imputation only being prevented by the fact she had legal protection as an incumbent senator.[39]

Investiture vote
Investiture
Ballot → 13 June 2015
Required majority → 17 out of 33
17 / 33
 Y
10 / 33
 N
6 / 33
 N
Blank ballots
0 / 33
Absentees
0 / 33
Sources[31]

Notes
  1. Aggregated data for EUPV, VyE and ERPV in the 2011 election.

References
Opinion poll sources
  1. "Sondeo a pie de urna. Datos de FORTA". FORTA (in Spanish). 24 May 2015.
  2. "Encuestas y resultados - elecciones autonómicas y municipales del 24 de mayo de 2015". GAD3 (in Spanish). 28 May 2015.
  3. "La Alcaldía de Valencia se pone a tiro de Ciudadanos". El Mundo (in Spanish). 16 May 2015.
  4. "Intención de voto en el Ayto. de Valencia. Gráfico". El Mundo (in Spanish). 16 May 2015.
  5. "El PP depende de C's para gobernar en Madrid, Valencia, Sevilla y Málaga". Público (in Spanish). 15 May 2015.
  6. "El PP pierde la mayoría absoluta en Valencia y dependería de Ciudadanos para gobernar". Telecinco (in Spanish). 15 May 2015.
  7. "Barberá baja nueve concejales pero duplica en votos al PSPV". ABC (in Spanish). 15 May 2015.
  8. "Ada Colau empata con Trias, Barberá se estrella en Valencia y Podemos tiene la llave en Sevilla". Público (in Spanish). 3 May 2015.
  9. "Tracking de sondeos en las capitales: la derecha sólo puede esperar que Ciudadanos salve al PP". Público (in Spanish). 3 May 2015.
  10. "La izquierda puede con Barberá y C's". Levante-EMV (in Spanish). 10 May 2015.
  11. "VALENCIA, Abril 2015. Sondeo SigmaDos". Electograph (in Spanish). 4 May 2015.
  12. "El PP podría perder Generalitat y Ayuntamiento de Valencia, incluso con el apoyo de Ciudadanos". Cadena SER (in Spanish). 23 April 2015.
  13. "El ObSERvatorio de la Cadena SER. Estudio preelectoral de Valencia (24/4/2015)" (PDF). MyWord (in Spanish). 24 April 2015.
  14. "Preelectoral elecciones autonómicas y municipales 2015. Ciudad de Valencia (Estudio nº 3066. Marzo-Abril 2015)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 7 May 2015.
  15. "El PP se echa a la calle para recuperar a las clases medias". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 8 May 2015.
  16. "El partido de Rivera disputa la hegemonía a Barberá en Valencia". El País (in Spanish). 19 April 2015.
  17. "Clima político en la Comunidad Valenciana/Abril de 2015". Metroscopia (in Spanish). 19 April 2015.
  18. "Ciudadanos, la sorpresa decisiva en Valencia". El Mundo (in Spanish). 6 April 2015.
  19. "Encuesta electoral: Ayuntamiento de Valencia". El Mundo (in Spanish). 6 April 2015.
  20. "VALENCIA, Marzo 2015. Sondeo SigmaDos". Electograph (in Spanish). 24 March 2015.
  21. "Un sondeo del PSPV no da opción al PP en Valencia pero sí en Alicante". El Mundo (in Spanish). 21 March 2015.
  22. "Sondeo del PSPV para las municipales". El Mundo (in Spanish). 21 March 2015.
  23. "VALENCIA, Enero 2015. Sondeo interno PP". Electograph (in Spanish). 24 February 2015.
  24. "Una encuesta encargada por el PP acerca a Rita Barberá a la mayoría absoluta en Valencia". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 25 February 2015.
  25. "El reparto del poder territorial en España en 2015" (PDF). desarrollando-ideas.com (in Spanish). 31 October 2014.
  26. "Un sondeo de Compromís augura que habrá batalla y da la victoria al 'tripartito' y Rita Barberá cae más que Fabra a la espera del caso Nóos" (PDF). El Mundo (in Spanish). 19 April 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 May 2013.
  27. "En el PSPV no se acaban de creer sus propias encuestas". El Mundo (in Spanish). 30 January 2013.
  28. "Barberá perdería la mayoría absoluta, según un sondeo del PSPV". La Razón (in Spanish). 30 January 2013.
Other
  1. "Ley 7/1985, de 2 de abril, Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local". Law No. 7 of 2 April 1985. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  2. "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  3. "Francisco Camps resigns" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2011-07-21.
  4. "Alberto Fabra replaces Camps at the head of the PPCV and the Generalitat" (in Spanish). El País. 2011-07-21.
  5. "The presence of 20% of accused MPs divides the Valencian PP" (in Spanish). El País. 2013-06-29.
  6. "Judge charges Castedo again for benefitting the constructor Ortiz" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2014-09-19.
  7. "The PP has fifty defendants in municipal offices" (in Spanish). El País. 2015-01-10.
  8. "Juan Cotino, accused for the contracts with Gürtel during the Pope's visit" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2014-11-10.
  9. "Olivas, imputed for tax fraud in the advising of Vicente Cotino" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2014-06-02.
  10. "The Judge processes 19 people for the illegal financing of the Valencian PP" (in Spanish). El País. 2014-12-16.
  11. "The corruption in the Valencian PP, from A to Z" (in Spanish). El Diario. 2014-08-11.
  12. "The Valencian bonfire of PP corruption" (in Spanish). El País. 2014-11-16.
  13. "The Valencian Community asks for a bailout" (in Spanish). Público. 2012-07-20.
  14. "Fabra closes down the Valencian television after Justice's overthrowing of the ERE" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2013-11-05.
  15. "Protests for the closing down of Channel 9 encircle Fabra and isolate the PP" (in Spanish). El Diario. 2013-12-04.
  16. "The PP vote collapses in the largest cities and gives the key to minority parties" (in Spanish). El País. 2014-05-06.
  17. "Así son los lemas para las elecciones del 24-M". ABC (in Spanish). 7 May 2015. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  18. Beltrán, Adolf (8 April 2015). "Compromís se ofrece como opción capaz de gestionar reformas y pactos". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  19. "Compromís brings to the Prosecutor Rita Barberá's expenditures" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2015-05-23.
  20. "Prosecution investigates 7,600 euros in luxury gifts for Rita Barberá" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2014-12-28.
  21. "Prosecution will also investigate Barberá for the 'Ritaleaks case'" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2014-12-28.
  22. "Rita Barberá suffers another boycott attempt during an election campaign act" (in Spanish). ABC. 2015-05-18.
  23. "Imelsa case: Rus counts money in a recording; "one thousand, two thousand, three thousand... two million pesetas"" (in Spanish). 20 Minutos. 2015-05-03.
  24. "The 'Imelsa case' disturbs Fabra and Barberá's campaigns" (in Spanish). El País. 2015-05-09.
  25. "Fabra expels Rus for corruption just 20 days before the election" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2015-05-03.
  26. "Alfonso Rus will be Xàtiva PP candidate despite being suspended" (in Spanish). ABC. 2015-05-22.
  27. "Electoral Results Consultation. European Parliament. May 2014. Valencia Municipality". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  28. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. November 2011. Valencia Municipality". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  29. "Local election results, 24 May 2015, in Valencia, Valladolid, Zamora, Zaragoza, Ceuta and Melilla provinces" (PDF). Central Electoral Commission (in Spanish). Retrieved 11 February 2018.
  30. "Electoral Results Consultation. Municipal. May 2015. Valencia Municipality". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  31. "Eleccions municipals a València (1979 - 2015)". Historia Electoral.com (in Catalan). Retrieved 30 September 2017.
  32. "Rita Barberá's debacle, Joan Ribó could be Mayor of Valencia" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2015-05-25.
  33. "Rita Barberá's 'whack'" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2015-05-25.
  34. "Joan Ribó, Mayor of Valencia" (in Spanish). Levante EMV. 2015-06-13.
  35. "Barberá's absence from the local authority marks some moments of the new City Council's constitution" (in Spanish). Europa Press. 2015-06-13.
  36. "24 arrested in an anti-corruption operation centered in Valencia" (in Spanish). El País. 2016-01-26.
  37. "Judge charges all PP city councillors for money laundering of Barberá's illegal funds" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2016-02-01.
  38. "Génova demands Rita Barberá to explain her campaign" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 2016-02-01.
  39. "Corruption investigation in Valencia points to Rita Barberá" (in Spanish). El País. 2016-01-26.
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