1945 Dunedin North by-election

The 1945 Dunedin North by-election was a by-election held during the 27th New Zealand Parliament in the Dunedin electorate of Dunedin North. The by-election occurred following the death of MP James W. Munro and was won by Robert Walls.

1945 Dunedin North by-election

21 July 1945
Turnout	12,924 (79.77%)
Candidate Robert Walls Norman Jones Party Labour National Popular vote 6,791 6,087 Percentage 52.54 47.09
Member before election James W. Munro Labour Elected Member Robert Walls Labour

Background

Munro, who was first elected to represent Dunedin North for the Labour Party in 1922, died on 27 May 1945.[1] This triggered the Dunedin North by-election, which was contested by Robert Walls for Labour, and Norman Jones for National. Walls obtained 53.1% of the votes and was successful.[2] Walls represented Dunedin North until his death in 1953,[3] and the Labour Party would go on to hold the electorate until 1975.[4]

There was talk of John A. Lee standing as a Democratic Labour (DLP) candidate as soon as the seat fell vacant, though no nomination either on his behalf or another DLP candidate was received before nominations closed.[5]

It was the first time that Jones contested an election; he contested six more elections unsuccessfully before he was finally successful in the Invercargill electorate 30 years later.[6][7]

The by-election was held soon after the 1945 Hamilton by-election, when National had campaigned on withdrawing New Zealand troops from Italy and restricting New Zealand's role in the Pacific War to food supply, though Labour wanted to keep New Zealand troops in the Pacific to "have a say" in the peace. But Peter Fraser wanted to contribute to a Commonwealth force against Japan. He met the Opposition leaders Sidney Holland and Adam Hamilton; noting the divisions in his own caucus. Holland agreed with Fraser not to refer to the matter (which was agitating the whole country) during the campaign. The government held the seat, and in a (non-broadcast) semi-secret session of the House on 2 August agreed to participate in a force against Japan "within the capacity of our remaining resources of manpower". And National's proposal to reduce the total armed forces to 55,000 was accepted.[8]

Previous election

1943 general election: Dunedin North[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Jim Munro	8,038	55.82
	National	Alexander Cassie	5,240	36.39
	People's Movement	Frederick Allan Keane	858	5.95
	Democratic Labour	Cornelius Machin Ross	263	1.82
Informal votes			123	0.85
Majority			2,798	19.43
Turnout			14,399	91.76
Registered electors			15,691

Results

The following table gives the election results:

1945 Dunedin North by-election[10]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Robert Walls	6,791	52.54
	National	Norman Jones	6,087	47.09
Informal votes			46	0.35	-0.50
Majority			704	5.44
Turnout			12,924	79.77	-11.99
Registered electors			16,200

See also

• List of New Zealand by-elections
• 1922 Dunedin North by-election
• 1953 North Dunedin by-election

Notes

1. Wilson 1985, p. 222.
2. "Seat Retained". Auckland Star. LXXVI (172). 23 July 1945. p. 3. Retrieved 11 November 2012.
3. Wilson 1985, p. 243.
4. Wilson 1985, p. 262.
5. "Straight Out Contest". Evening Star (25527). 4 July 1945. p. 4. Retrieved 11 November 2012.
6. Gustafson 1986, pp. 323f.
7. Wilson 1985, p. 209.
8. Hensley, Gerald (2009). Beyond the Battlefield: New Zealand and its allies 1939-45. Auckland: Viking. p. 372. ISBN 9780670074044.
9. "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
10. "Declaration of Result of Poll". Evening Star (25553). 3 August 1945. p. 2. Retrieved 9 November 2018.

References

• Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6.
• Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.