1894 in the United Kingdom

1894 in the United Kingdom

Other years

1892 | 1893 | 1894 | 1895 | 1896

Constituent countries of the United Kingdom

England | Ireland | Scotland | Wales

Sport

1894 English cricket season Football: England | Scotland

Events from the year 1894 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

• Monarch – Victoria
• Prime Minister – William Ewart Gladstone (Liberal) (until 2 March); Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery (Liberal) (starting 5 March)
• Parliament – 25th

Events

• 15 February – 04:51 GMT, French anarchist Martial Bourdin attempts to destroy the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London with a bomb.[1]
• 1 March – Local Government Act (coming into effect December 1894–January 1895) creates a system of urban and rural districts with elected councils, with elected parish councils in rural areas, reforms the boards of guardians of poor law unions, and gives women, irrespective of marital status, the right to vote and stand in local (but not national) elections.[2]
• 3 March – William Ewart Gladstone (at the age of 84) resigns as Prime Minister over high Navy estimates.[2]
• 5 March – Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery becomes Prime Minister and forms a minority Liberal Party government.
• 11 April – Britain establishes a Protectorate over Uganda.[2]
• 12 April – the annual Budget establishes death duties.[2]
• 21 April – debut of the George Bernard Shaw play Arms and the Man in London.[3]
• 14 May – Blackpool Tower opened in Blackpool, Lancashire.
• 21 May – the Manchester Ship Canal is officially opened, linking the previously landlocked city of Manchester to the Irish Sea.[3]
• 23 June – a firedamp explosion at Albion Colliery, Cilfynydd, Glamorgan, kills 290 coal miners and 123 horses underground.[4][5]
• 30 June – Tower Bridge in London opened for traffic.[3]
• 2 August – death duties introduced.[3]
• September – British Association for the Advancement of Science inaugurates an Ethnographic Survey of the United Kingdom.[6]
• 28 September – Michael Marks forms the partnership of Marks & Spencer with Thomas Spencer,[7] opening its first store in Manchester.[8]
• 13 October – Everton and Liverpool Football Clubs meet in the first Merseyside derby.[3]
• December – Frederick Bremer, a plumber and gasfitter from Walthamstow, runs the first British four-wheeled petrol-engined motor car (self-built) on the public highway.[9][10]

Undated

• Argon discovered by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay.
• Patrick Manson develops the thesis that malaria is spread by mosquitoes.
• Alfred Harmsworth buys the London Evening News newspaper.[11]
• Grace Kimmins founds the Guild of the Poor Brave Things for the education of crippled boys.
• The National College of Music is founded by the Moss family in London.

Publications

• Edward Carpenter's book Homogenic Love, and its place in a free society.
• Arthur Conan Doyle's collection The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes.
• George du Maurier's novel Trilby (serialised).
• Robert Hichens' anonymous satirical novel The Green Carnation.[12]
• Anthony Hope's novel The Prisoner of Zenda; also his collected sketches The Dolly Dialogues, the first major commission for the illustrator, Arthur Rackham.
• Rudyard Kipling's story collection The Jungle Book (in book form).
• The Yellow Book begins publication (April).

Births

• 10 February – Harold Macmillan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1986)
• 7 March – Frank Halford, aeronautical engineer (died 1955)
• 5 April – Chesney Allen, entertainer and singer (died 1982)
• 9 May – Benjamin Graham, born Grossbaum, economist in the United States (died 1976 in France)
• 1 June – Percival Mackey, pianist, composer and bandleader (died 1950)
• 6 June – Violet Trefusis, writer and socialite (died 1972)
• 23 June – Prince Edward of York (later Edward VIII, then Duke of Windsor; died 1972 in France)
• 26 July – Aldous Huxley, author (died 1963)
• 28 July – Freda Dudley Ward, born Winifred Birkin, socialite (died 1983)
• 13 September – J. B. Priestley, novelist and playwright (died 1984)
• 24 September – Tommy Armour, golfer (died 1968)
• 24 November – Herbert Sutcliffe, cricketer (died 1978)

Deaths

• 20 January – Robert Halpin, mariner and cable layer (born 1836)
• 27 January – Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins, sculptor and natural history artist (born 1807)
• 8 February – R. M. Ballantyne, Scottish author of juvenile fiction (born 1825) (died in Rome)
• 15 February – Martial Bourdin, French anarchist (born 1868) (accidentally kills himself while attempting to blow up the Royal Observatory, Greenwich)
• 9 April – Arthur Hill Hassall, physician, microbiologist and chemical analyst (born 1817) (dies in Sanremo)
• 29 April – Augusta Theodosia Drane, religious writer and Catholic prioress (born 1823)
• 23 May – Brian Houghton Hodgson, civil servant, ethnologist and naturalist (born 1800)
• 14 June – John Coleridge, 1st Baron Coleridge, Lord Chief Justice (born 1820)
• 1 September – Boston Corbett, Union Army soldier who shot and killed Abraham Lincoln's assassin, John Wilkes Booth (born 1832)
• 5 September – Augusta Webster, poet (born 1837)
• 3 December – Robert Louis Stevenson, Scottish author (born 1850) (dies in Samoa)
• 19 December – James Allen Harker, entomologist (born 1847)
• 24 December – Frances Buss, pioneer of women's education (born 1827)
• 29 December – Christina Rossetti, poet (born 1830)

References

1. "Propaganda by Deed". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 17 February 2008.
2. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 321–322. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
3. Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
4. "Albion Colliery". BBC Wales. 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2010.
5. "Albion Colliery Cilfynydd". Welsh Coal Mines. Retrieved 15 October 2010.
6. Urry, James (1993). "Englishmen, Celts and Iberians: the Ethnographic Survey of the United Kingdom, 1892–1899". Before Social Anthropology: Essays on the History of British Anthropology. Studies in Anthropology and History. Chur; Reading: Harwood Academic. pp. 83–101. ISBN 3-7186-5292-7.
7. "Michael Marks". Spartacus. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2010.
8. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 29 July 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
9. "Motoring Firsts". Beaulieu: The National Motor Museum Trust. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
10. Sadler, Nigel (1999). The Story of the Bremer Car. Walthamstow: Vestry House Museum. ISBN 0-901974-43-9.
11. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 448–449. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
12. Leavis, Q.D. (1965). Fiction and the Reading Public (rev. ed.). London: Chatto & Windus.

See also