1814 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1814.
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Events
- January 14 (January 2 O.S.) – The Imperial Public Library in Saint Petersburg opens to the public.
- January 26 – Actor Edmund Kean makes his London début in the leading rôle of Shylock at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.
- February 1 – Lord Byron's semi-autobiographical tale in verse The Corsair is published by John Murray in London and sells 10,000 copies on this day[1] and over 25,000 in the first month, going through seven editions. His Lara sells 6,000 copies on publication in the summer.[2] Walter Scott is to say of Byron's poetry: "He beat me out of the field in description of the stronger passions and in deep-seated knowledge of the human heart."
- July 7 – Walter Scott's Waverley, his first work of fiction and a major early historical novel in English, is published anonymously by Archibald Constable in Edinburgh, a week after Scott finishes it. It sells out in two days.[3]
- July 28–September 13 – English poet Percy Bysshe Shelley abandons his pregnant wife and runs away to France and Switzerland with the 16-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, accompanied by her stepsister Jane Clairmont, also 16.[4]
- August 24 – Burning of Washington (War of 1812): The British burn the original Library of Congress, at this time housed in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.
- September 12–15 – Battle of Baltimore (War of 1812): American lawyer Francis Scott Key, witnessing the bombardment of Baltimore, Maryland, from a British ship, writes "Defence of Fort McHenry". His brother-in-law arranges to have the poem published in a broadside with a recommended tune on September 17; on September 20 both the Baltimore Patriot and The American print it. The song quickly becomes popular – seventeen newspapers from Georgia to New Hampshire reprint it. In 1931, it is adopted as "The Star-Spangled Banner" as the national anthem of the United States.[5]
- September 21 After arrangements have been made for the United States Library of Congress, destroyed in August's Burning of Washington, to be re-stocked by purchase of the personal library of ex-President Thomas Jefferson, Jefferson writes to Samuel H. Smith, saying that there is "no subject to which a Member of Congress may not have occasion to refer".[6]
- November 29 – In London, The Times newspaper is printed using a revolutionary steam press for the first time.[7] It runs at a rate of 1100 copies per hour.
- Late – The first edition of the second volume of the Brothers Grimm's Grimms' Fairy Tales appears, dated 1815.
- unknown dates
- The earliest known printed Arabic language version of One Thousand and One Nights begins publication in Calcutta by the British East India Company.
- Alfred de Vigny enrols as an officer in the Maison du Roi, the King's guard of Louis XVIII of France.[8]
New books
Fiction
- Jane Austen (anonymously) – Mansfield Park[9]
- Fanny Burney – The Wanderer: or, Female Difficulties (last novel)
- Mary Brunton – Discipline
- Adelbert von Chamisso – Peter Schlemihls wundersame Geschichte (Peter Schlemihl's Miraculous Story)
- Selina Davenport – The Hypocrite
- Maria Edgeworth – Patronage
- Pierce Egan – The Mistress of Royalty
- Jane Harvey
- Auberry Stanhope
- Ethelia: a Tale
- Ann Hatton – Conviction
- Laetitia Matilda Hawkins – Rossane; or A Father's Labour Lost
- William Henry Hitchener – The Towers of Ravenswold
- Christian Isobel Johnstone – The Saxon and the Gaël
- Mary Meeke – Conscience
- Lady Morgan – O'Donnell
- Anna Maria Porter – The Recluse of Norway
- Regina Maria Roche – Trecothick Bower
- Walter Scott – Waverley
- Louisa Stanhope – Madelina: A Tale Founded on Facts
- Takizawa Bakin (Kyokutei Bakin, 曲亭 馬琴) – Nansō Satomi Hakkenden (南總里見八犬傳, The Eight Dog Chronicles, publication begins)
- Elizabeth Thomas – The Prison-House
- Jane West – Alicia de Lacy
Children
- Maria Elizabeth Budden – Always Happy!!: Or, Anecdotes of Felix and his Sister Serena. A Tale
- Barbara Hofland – Emily and Her Friends
- Mary Martha Sherwood – The History of Little Henry and his Bearer
Drama
- Leigh Hunt – The Descent of Liberty
- René Charles Guilbert de Pixérécourt – The Dog of Montarges
- Richard Lalor Sheil – Adelaide, or the Emigrants
Poetry
- Lord Byron
- The Corsair
- Lara
- Henry Cary – translation of Dante's Divine Comedy (complete in blank verse)
- Adam Oehlenschlager – Helge
- William Wordsworth – The Excursion
Non-fiction
- Elizabeth Craven – Letters from the Right Honorable Lady Craven to his Serene Highness the Margrave of Anspach during her travels through France, Germany and Russia in 1785 and 1786
- Thomas Hartwell Horne – Introduction to the Study of Bibliography
- Legh Richmond – The Dairyman's Daughter (religious tract about Elizabeth Wallbridge)
- Percy Bysshe Shelley – A Refutation of Deism
- Gotthilf Heinrich von Schubert – Die Symbolik der Traüme (The Symbolism of Dreams)
Births
- January 15 – Pierre-Jules Hetzel (P. J. Stahl), French publisher and young people's writer (died 1886)
- January 17 – Mrs. Henry Wood (Ellen Price), English novelist (died 1887)
- February 18 – Samuel Fenton Cary, American author and prohibitionist (died 1900)
- March 9 (February 25 O.S.) – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet (died 1861)
- March 13 – Edward Backhouse Eastwick, Anglo-Indian orientalist and translator (died 1883)[10]
- June 8 – Charles Reade, English novelist and dramatist (died 1884)
- July 23 – George W. M. Reynolds, English popular novelist (died 1879)
- August 28 – Sheridan le Fanu, Irish Gothic writer (died 1873)
- September 17 – Ferenc Pulszky, Hungarian writer and politician (died 1897)
- October 3 – Mikhail Lermontov, Russian poet (died 1841)
- November 6 – William Wells Brown, African-American writer (died 1884)
- December 27 – Jules Simon, French philosopher (died 1896)
Deaths
- January 4 – Johann Georg Jacobi, German poet (born 1740)
- January 21 – Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, French novelist and travel writer (born 1737)
- January 27 – Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher (born 1762)
- February 24 – Julien Louis Geoffroy, French literary critic (born 1743)
- February 27 – Margaret Bingham, English poet and painter (born 1740)
- April 12 – Charles Burney, English music historian and musician (born 1726)
- July 25 – Charles Dibdin, English novelist, playwright and actor (born 1745)
- September 5 – Gottfried Gabriel Bredow, German historian (born 1773)
- October 4 – Samuel Jackson Pratt, English poet, playwright and novelist (born 1749)
- November 10 – Abbé Aubert, French dramatist, poet and journalist (born 1731)
- December 2 – Marquis de Sade, French philosopher, writer and politician (born 1740)
Awards
- Newdigate Prize – John Leycester Adolphus[11]
References
- Jones, Neal T., ed. (1984). A Book of Days for the Literary Year. London; New York: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-01332-2.
- Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
- "Waverley". Walter Scott. Edinburgh University Library. 2011-12-19. Archived from the original on 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-29.
- History of a Six Weeks' Tour.
- Carruth, Gorton (1993). The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates (9th ed.). HarperCollins.
- "Jefferson's Legacy: A Brief History of the Library of Congress". Library of Congress. 2006-03-06. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
- Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 246–247. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- Alfred de Vigny (1914). Lettres inédites de Alfred de Vigny au marquis et à la marquise de La Grange (1827-1861) pub. L. Conard. p. vi.
- "BBC - History - Jane Austen". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
- Robert Henry Mair (1869). Debrett's Illustrated House of Commons and the Judicial Bench. Dean & Son. p. 87.
- Niobe: a prize poem, recited in the Theatre, Oxford, in the year MDCCXIV
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