Zeaxanthin epoxidase

Zeaxanthin epoxidase (EC 1.14.13.90, Zea-epoxidase) is an enzyme with systematic name zeaxanthin,NAD(P)H:oxygen oxidoreductase.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

zeaxanthin + 2 NAD(P)H + 2 H+ + 2 O2 violaxanthin + 2 NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O (overall reaction)
(1a) zeaxanthin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 antheraxanthin + NAD(P)+ + H2O
(1b) antheraxanthin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 violaxanthin + NAD(P)+ + H2O
Zeaxanthin epoxidase
Identifiers
EC number1.14.13.90
CAS number149718-34-3
Databases
IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
PRIAMprofile
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum

Zeaxanthin epoxidase is a flavoprotein (FAD) that is active under conditions of low light.

References
  1. Büch K, Stransky H, Hager A (November 1995). "FAD is a further essential cofactor of the NAD(P)H and O2-dependent zeaxanthin-epoxidase". FEBS Letters. 376 (1–2): 45–8. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(95)01243-9. PMID 8521963.
  2. Bugos RC, Hieber AD, Yamamoto HY (June 1998). "Xanthophyll cycle enzymes are members of the lipocalin family, the first identified from plants". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (25): 15321–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.25.15321. PMID 9624110.
  3. Thompson AJ, Jackson AC, Parker RA, Morpeth DR, Burbidge A, Taylor IB (April 2000). "Abscisic acid biosynthesis in tomato: regulation of zeaxanthin epoxidase and 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase mRNAs by light/dark cycles, water stress and abscisic acid". Plant Molecular Biology. 42 (6): 833–45. doi:10.1023/A:1006448428401. PMID 10890531.
  4. Hieber AD, Bugos RC, Yamamoto HY (October 2000). "Plant lipocalins: violaxanthin de-epoxidase and zeaxanthin epoxidase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. 1482 (1–2): 84–91. doi:10.1016/s0167-4838(00)00141-2. PMID 11058750.
  5. Frommolt R, Goss R, Wilhelm C (July 2001). "The de-epoxidase and epoxidase reactions of Mantoniella squamata (Prasinophyceae) exhibit different substrate-specific reaction kinetics compared to spinach". Planta. 213 (3): 446–56. doi:10.1007/s004250100589. PMID 11506368.
  6. Frommolt R, Goss R, Wilhelm C (2001). "Erratum Report. The de-epoxidase and epoxidase reactions of Mantoniella squamata (Prasinophyceae) exhibit different substrate-specific reaction kinetics compared to spinach". Planta. 213 (3): 492. doi:10.1007/s004250100619.
  7. Matsubara S, Morosinotto T, Bassi R, Christian AL, Fischer-Schliebs E, Lüttge U, Orthen B, Franco AC, Scarano FR, Förster B, Pogson BJ, Osmond CB (October 2003). "Occurrence of the lutein-epoxide cycle in mistletoes of the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae". Planta. 217 (6): 868–79. doi:10.1007/s00425-003-1059-7. PMID 12844265.
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