Yongjia School

Yongjia School of Thought (Chinese: 永嘉学派; Pinyin: Yǒngjiā Xuépài) was a Chinese school of thought that advocated for privatization, market economy, pragmatism, free trade, tax cut, and challenged Confucianism. It became one of the three dominant schools of thought during the Song Dynasty along with "Li School of Thought" led by Zhu Xi and "Universal Mind School of Thought" led by Lu Jiuyuan.[1][2] Particularly, it was a leading force that gave rise to the economic prosperity of Song Dynasty in China and has close ties to the prosperity of market economy and private economy during the period.[3][4][5]

Background

The Yongjia School of Thought emerged in response to the social and political crises in southern Song, specifically the attempt on the part of Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan to establish their authority over Confucian Classics and was aggravated by the military threat from the north and the corruption in the government.[6] The school itself was named after Yongjia, now called Wenzhou, and composed mainly of scholars from Wenzhou (then Yongjia). It began with the need to contend with the changing intellectual climate and was initiated by the Yongjia scholars such as Zhou Xingji and Xue Jixuan.[6] It was further promoted by the materialist thinkers Ye Shi and Chenliang, who elevated the social status of those people who engaged in commercial and merchant activities.[7] Ye Shi is noted for amending the mainstream Confucian ideology by focusing more on business, rejecting the ideas such as the giving of high priority to justice and low priority to profit.[8] The school finally evolved into extremely unique school of thought in Chinese history, advocating for the importance of commerce, privatization, market economy, free trade, currency market while China by tradition values agriculture, concepts, and thoughts that were distinctly different.[5][9]

References
  1. http://www.cssn.cn/zhx/zx_zxlp/201505/t20150519_1952034.shtml
  2. http://gxzk.guoxue.com/Html/2014-03-06/1116.html
  3. 舒斯林 (December 2015). 儒学基本常识（读酷国学百科版）. ISBN 9787561361412.
  4. Chuan, Shang (2014-04-28). Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty Vol 1. ISBN 9781681240220.
  5. http://news.66wz.com/system/2010/09/02/102055072.shtml
  6. Yao, Xinzhong (2015). The Encyclopedia of Confucianism: 2-volume set. London: Routledge. ISBN 9781317793489.
  7. Zhang, Li (2001). Strangers in the City: Reconfigurations of Space, Power, and Social Networks Within China's Floating Population. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. p. 51. ISBN 0804740305.
  8. Yu, Jianxing; Zhou, Jun; Jiang, Hua (2012). A Path for Chinese Civil Society: A Case Study on Industrial Associations in Wenzhou, China. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. p. 45. ISBN 9780739170076.
  9. http://zj.zjol.com.cn/news/655083.html


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