Wills Creek (Ohio)

Wills Creek is a tributary of the Muskingum River, 92.2 mi (148.4 km) long, in eastern Ohio in the United States. Via the Muskingum and Ohio Rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River. It drains an area of 853 mi² (2,209 km²).[2]

Wills Creek
Wills Creek near its mouth, flowing from Wills Creek Dam
Location
Country	U.S.
Physical characteristics
Mouth
• location	Muskingum River on the border of Muskingum and Coshocton counties
• elevation	715 ft (218 m)[1]
Length	92.2 mi (148.4 km)[2]
Basin size	853 sq mi (2,210 km^2)[2]
Discharge
• location	USGS gauge, Wills Creek Dam at Wills Creek
• average	883.5 cu ft/s (25.02 m^3/s), water years 1985-1991[3]
Discharge
• location	mouth
• average	1,025.4 cu ft/s (29.04 m^3/s) (estimate)[4]
Basin features
Tributaries
• right	Leatherwood Creek

The United States Board on Geographic Names settled on "Wills Creek" as the stream's name in 1963. According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as "Cou-wach-en-ink" and as "Will's Creek."[1]

Wills Creek is formed by a confluence of short forks near Pleasant City in southern Guernsey County,[5] and initially flows northwardly through Byesville, Cambridge and Kimbolton. Near Kimbolton it turns westwardly and flows through southeastern Coshocton and northeastern Muskingum Counties, past Plainfield, to its mouth at the Muskingum River,[6] 8 mi (13 km) south of the city of Coshocton.[5]

Near its mouth, a flood-control dam causes the creek to form Wills Creek Lake.[7]

2005 flood

On January 16, 2005 the Wills Creek Dam 40°09′22″N 81°50′51″W became the only dam in the Army Corps of Engineers Huntington District's history (established 1938) to reach its spillway elevation and have water flow uncontrolled over the top of the spillway.[8] On that day Wills Creek Lake was 37 feet (11 m) above its normal level of 749 feet (above sea level), and spanned 20,452 acres (82.77 km²), causing it to be the largest man-made lake in the state of Ohio.

This extreme event was caused by an average of 5-8 inches of rain falling over Central Indiana and Ohio during January 4–14, 2005. This rain combined with snow melt and saturated ground to produce record breaking runoff. Other reservoirs in the Huntington District also set pool level records, including Alum Creek, Deer Creek, Delaware Lake, Paint Creek, Atwood Lake, Bolivar Dam, Charles Mill Lake, Dillon Lake, Dover Dam and Mohawk Dam.[9]

See also

• List of rivers of Ohio

References

1. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Wills Creek
2. Ohio Department of Natural Resources. A Guide to Ohio Streams. Chapter 10: Major Ohio Watersheds (pdf)
3. "USGS Surface-Water Annual Statistics for Ohio: USGS 03143500 Wills Creek bl Wills Creek Dam at Wills Creek OH". waterdata.usgs.gov. Archived from the original on 2020-08-08. Retrieved 2020-08-08.
4. United States Environmental Protection Agency. "Watershed Report: Wills Creek". watersgeo.epa.gov. Archived from the original on 2020-08-08. Retrieved 2020-08-08.
5. Columbia Gazetteer of North America entry
6. DeLorme (1991). Ohio Atlas & Gazetteer. Yarmouth, Maine: DeLorme. ISBN 0-89933-233-1
7. Wills Creek Lake website
8. "Wills Creek Dam Reaches Pool of Record!". 2005-12-28. Archived from the original on 2009-01-15.
9. "January 2005 Flood". US Army Corps of Engineers, Huntington District. 2005-03-14. Archived from the original on 2009-01-09.