Vigan Cathedral

Vigan Cathedral, canonically known as the Metropolitan Cathedral of the Conversion of St. Paul the Apostle is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Vigan, Ilocos Sur, Philippines. It serves as the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site declaration for the Historic Town of Vigan in 1999.[1]

Vigan Cathedral
Metropolitan Cathedral of the Conversion of St. Paul the Apostle
Catedral Metropolitana de la Conversión de San Pablo Apóstol
Façade of the Conversion of St. Paul Cathedral in Ilocos Sur
Vigan Cathedral
Location in the Philippines
17.574843°N 120.388841°E / 17.574843; 120.388841
LocationVigan, Ilocos Sur
CountryPhilippines
DenominationRoman Catholic
History
StatusCathedral
DedicationSaint Paul
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Architectural typeChurch building
StyleEarthquake Baroque
Administration
ArchdioceseNueva Segovia
Clergy
ArchbishopMarlo Mendoza Peralta

History

When Juan de Salcedo came to Vigan, he renamed the town to Villa Fernandina in honor of the young son of King Philip II. Upon the orders of Salcedo in 1574, the first temporary church of Vigan was built out of wood and thatch.[2][3] With Salcedo is Augustinian priest Alonso de Alvarado who first attempted to Christianize the Ilocos region.[3] The need to construct a permanent church and convent in Vigan was decided by the Augustinian Chapter on April 30, 1575. It became the first parish in Northern Luzon.[4] The plans to construct the church failed since in 1577, the Augustinians vacated Ilocos.[3] The Franciscans then came to Ilocos with Father Sebastian de Baesa as priest of Vigan. In 1591, the supervision was transferred to the secular clergy. Father Gabriel dela Cruz became the first secular priest of Vigan until 1598. When the Augustinians returned to Ilocos in 1586, they also handled Vigan alternately with the secular clergy. On February 14, 1622, Vigan was officially transferred from the Augustinians to the secular.[5]

The first church was built in 1641[5] and was damaged by earthquake in 1619 and 1627. A third church was burned in 1739. Upon the request of then Bishop Juan de la Fuente Yepes, the seat of the Diocese of Nueva Segovia was transferred from Lal-lo, Cagayan to Ciudad Fernandina de Vigan (present-day Vigan) through a ceremonial procession on September 7, 1758.[6] With the transfer of the seat of the Diocese, the church of Vigan became a cathedral on that same year. Governor General Jose de Basco ordered the establishment of a new church in 1786. The fourth and present-day church was built from 1790 to 1800 under the Augustinians.[7] It was occupied by the revolutionists under Colonel Juan Villamor in 1896 and by the American forces under Lieutenant Colonel James Parker in 1899.[2]

Features

The church is predominantly in Earthquake Baroque style with large buttresses on its side. It also has Neo-Gothic, Romanesque and Chinese inspired embellishments. In its interior are silver-paneled main altar, three naves, 12 minor altars and brass communion handrails.[7] South of the cathedral is a separate 25 metres (82 ft) bell tower with a weather rooster on top, which symbolizes Saint Peter. The only remaining Archbishop's Palace in the Philippines built during the Spanish colonization is located in Vigan, beside the cathedral. The church also contains remains of former bishops of the Diocese of Nueva Segovia,[5] as well as the remains of Ilocano poet Leona Florentino (her and her husband Elias de los Reyes' grave marker can be seen on a column near the side door facing Plaza Burgos).

Notes
  1. "Historic Town of Vigan". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  2. National Historical Institute 1993, p. 88
  3. Dela Torre 2006, p. 153
  4. Dela Torre 2006, p. 2
  5. Dela Torre 2006, p. 154
  6. "Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia". CBCP Online. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  7. "St. Paul's Cathedral". Vigan.ph. Retrieved 3 April 2015.

Bibliography
  • Dela Torre, Visitacion (2006). The Ilocos Heritage. Makati City: Tower Book House. ISBN 978-971-91030-9-7.
  • Historical Markers: Regions I-IV and CAR (in Filipino). Manila: National Historical Institute (Philippines). 1993. p. 88. ISBN 9715380611.

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