Verticordia dichroma

Verticordia dichroma is a flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a much-branched shrub with rounded leaves and spikes of scented, deep red and golden-coloured flowers.

Verticordia dichroma
Verticordia dichroma var. syntoma
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Verticordia
Subgenus: Verticordia subg. Eperephes
Section: Verticordia sect. Pennuligera
Species:
V. dichroma
Binomial name
Verticordia dichroma

Description

Verticordia dichroma is a shrub which grows to a height of 0.3–2 m (1–7 ft) and which has one to a number of stems at its base. The leaves are egg-shaped to almost round, 2–4 mm (0.08–0.2 in) long and often have irregularly toothed margins.[2]

The flowers are scented and arranged in spike-like groups on erect stems 1.5–2 mm (0.06–0.08 in) long and the flowers open at about the same time as each other. The floral cup is top-shaped, about 3 mm (0.1 in) long, has 5 ribs and is glabrous and smooth. The sepals are deep red in colour, or deep red with yellow, 4–5.6 mm (0.16–0.22 in) long, with 10 to 12 feathery lobes. The petals are golden-yellow with red spots, egg-shaped, 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long, about 2.5 mm (0.1 in) wide with a fringe 1.5–2.5 mm (0.06–0.1 in) long and with deeply-divided, ear-shaped appendages. The style is about 6 mm (0.2 in) long, bent and has long hairs on its sides. Flowering time is from late October to December.[2]

Taxonomy and naming

Verticordia dichroma was first formally described by Alex George in 1991 and the description was published in Nuytsia. The type collection was made by Alex and Elizabeth George "west of [the] North West Coastal Highway, north of No.8 Tank" which is 62 km (40 mi) north of the Kalbarri turnoff.[3][4] The specific epithet (dichroma) "is from the Greek di- (two-) and chroma (colour), in reference to the flowers which are bicoloured when they open."[2][4]

In the same paper, George described two varieties and the names have been accepted by the Australian Plant Census:[4]

  • Verticordia dichroma A.S.George var. dichroma which has leaves 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long, sepals 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in) long, petals 6–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and flowers in groups of 12 or more;[2][5]
  • Verticordia dichroma var. syntoma A.S.George which has shorter leaves, sepals and petals and fewer flowers per group than the type variety.[2][6]

George placed this species in subgenus Eperephes, section Pennuligera along with V. comosa, V. lepidophylla, V. chrysostachys, V. aereiflora, V. x eurardyensis, V. muelleriana, V. argentea, V. albida, V. fragrans, V. venusta, V. forrestii, V. serotina, V. oculata, V. etheliana and V. grandis.[4]

Distribution and habitat

Both varieties grow in deep sand, often with other verticordias, in heath and shrubland.

Conservation

Both varieties of V. dichroma are classified as "Priority Three" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife[7][9] meaning that they are poorly known and known from only a few locations but are not under imminent threat.[10]

Use in horticulture

Both varieties of V. dichroma are worthy of cultivation in gardens due to their spectacular flowers. They are difficult to propagate from cuttings but once established are hardy plants. They are more difficult to grow in eastern Australia.[2]

References
  1. "Verticordia dichroma". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  2. Elizabeth A. (Berndt) George; Margaret Pieroni (illustrator) (2002). Verticordia: the turner of hearts (1st ed.). Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. pp. 374–377. ISBN 1-876268-46-8.
  3. "Verticordia dichroma". APNI. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
  4. George, Alex (1991). "New taxa, combinations and typifications in Verticordia (Myrtaceae : Chamelaucieae)". Nuytsia. 7 (3): 231–394.
  5. "Verticordia dichroma subsp. dichroma". APC. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  6. "Verticordia dichroma subsp. syntoma". APC. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  7. "Verticordia dichroma dichroma". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  8. Paczkowska, Grazyna; Chapman, Alex R. (2000). The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue. Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. p. 406. ISBN 0646402439.
  9. "Verticordia dichroma syntoma". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  10. "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
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