Verner Lehtimäki

Verner Lehtimäki (8 June 1890 - 5 April 1938), was a Finnish Socialist, soldier, pilot, aerospace engineer and revolutionary.

Verner Lehtimäki
Verner Lehtimäki as a Soviet pilot
Born	8 June 1890 Vahto, Grand Duchy of Finland
Died	5 April 1938 (aged 47) Soviet Union
Allegiance	Red Finland  Great Britain Soviet Russia  Soviet Union
Service/branch	Red Guards Murmansk Legion Baltic Fleet Soviet Naval Air Force
Years of service	1918–1923
Rank	Colonel (British Royal Navy)
Battles/wars	Finnish Civil War North Russia Intervention Russian Civil War

Early life

Lehtimäki was born as a peasant's son in Vahto, a small rural municipality in the province of Southwest Finland. He had two brothers who were also enthusiastic socialists. Lehtimäki's younger brother Hjalmar (1896–1934) was a Red Guard leader in the Finnish Civil War. The elder brother, Konrad Lehtimäki (1886–1937), was an author, journalist and a member of Finnish Parliament.

Verner Lehtimäki went to the sea at early age and later emigrated to the United States. He worked first in a New Mexico ranch and in the 1910s on a Mississippi riverboat. In 1916 Lehtimäki moved to Russia where he had a job in a local Vauxhall dealer in Saint Petersburg. After the February Revolution in 1917 Lehtimäki lost his job and started smuggling guns for Finnish revolutionaries. Later the same year Lehtimäki returned Finland, which was then an autonomous part of Russia.

Finnish and Russian Civil Wars

In the 1918 Finnish Civil War, Lehtimäki fought in the Battle of Vilppula as a commander of a cavalry unit. After the war, Lehtimäki fled to the Soviet Russia and joined the Allied North Russia Intervention as a leader of British organized Murmansk Legion which was composed of former Finnish Red Guards. He was promoted as Colonel by the Royal British Navy. In 1920 he became a pilot in Soviet Russia. Lehtimäki served in the Baltic Fleet as a seaplane pilot and took part on the suppression of the Kronstadt Revolt in March 1921. He was awarded with the Order of the Red Banner. Lehtimäki later graduated from the Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy in Moscow and served as an engineer in the Soviet Naval Air Force in Saint Petersburg.

Years in China, United States and Soviet Union

In 1923 Lehtimäki moved to China with his brother Hjalmar. Lehtimäki worked in a customs office in Shanghai, but he was most likely spying for the Soviets. His wife, a Swiss opera singer Lilly Leemann, was performing with the Shanghai Municipal Orchestra.[1][2] A year later Lehtimäki brothers left to United States where Verner studied aviation and worked for several aviation companies in San Francisco, Chicago and New York. He was also trading airplanes to Soviet Union where Lehtimäki returned 1932. There he worked in Leningrad as an engineer in the aircraft manufacturing. Lehtimäki took the Soviet citizenship in 1936. His brother Hjalmar died of stomach cancer in Moscow 1934.

Verner Lehtimäki was arrested during the Stalin's Great Purge in January 1938. He was accused of connections with Finnish socialist Oskari Tokoi who had turned counter-revolutionary. Lehtimäki was executed on 5 April 1938. He was rehabilitated after Stalin's death in 1957.

Sources

• Harjula, Mirko: "Suomalaiset Venäjän sisällissodassa 1917–1922", Finnish Literature Society, Helsinki 2006. ISBN 951-746-742-7.
• Lehtimäki, Kimmo: "Verner Lehtimäki – Punapäällikkö", Revontuli Publishing, Jyväskylä 2005. ISBN 952-5170-41-1.

References

1. Punapäällikkö Verner Lehtimäki -näyttely Lenin-museossa Työväenperinne (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 March 2014.
2. Shanghai Municipal Orchestra Concert Programmes Arts & Humanities Research Council. Retrieved 19 March 2014.