USB3 Vision

USB3 Vision[1] is an interface standard introduced in 2013 for industrial cameras.[2] It describes a specification on top of the USB standard, with a particular focus on supporting high-performance cameras based on USB 3.0.[3] It is recognized as one of the fastest growing machine vision camera standards.[4] As of October 2019, version 1.1 is the latest version of the standard.[1]

USB3 Vision Logo

The standard is hosted by the AIA and developing a product implementing this standard must pass compliance tests and be licensed.[5] As of late 2019, there are 42 companies that license this standard.[6] The standard itself for reference or evaluation may be requested free of charge.[7]

The standard is built upon many of the same pieces as GigE Vision, being based on GenICam, but utilizes USB ports instead of Ethernet.[8] Some of the benefits of this standard include simple plug and play usability, power over the cable, and high bandwidth.[9][10] Additionally, it defines locking connectors that modify the standard USB connectors with additional screw-locks for industrial purposes.[11]

Technology

The standard covers four major areas:[12]

  • Device Detection
  • Register Access
  • Streaming Data
  • Event Handling

The standard defines a specific USB Class ID (Class 0xEF, Subclass 0x05) for identifying the device.[13] As the standard is defined at a protocol layer, the software vendor providing the driver may be a different entity than the company designing the camera.[12]

Register Access includes mandatory USB3 vision registers as well as camera specific registers which may control parameters such as shutter speed or integration time, gamma correction, white balance, etc. The later register types are diverse across cameras. The camera specific registers can be queried via a XML schema file which is part of the GenICam standard. The GenICam standard has a Standard Feature Naming Convention so that vendor agnostic software can be created. The GenICam standard is independent of the transfer protocol. This standard and GigE Vision are examples of wire protocols which pair with the GenICam standard. This contrasts with Camera Serial Interface; the Camera Command Set (CCS) is part of that standard for controlling camera parameters. For many real devices, the vendors provide alternate methods such as I2C to access the full set of parameters that a specific device may support. These can include lighting synchronization and separate motor controls for optical focusing elements.

Implementations

References
  1. "Vision Online". Vision Online. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
  2. Zheng Liu; Hiroyuki Ukida; Pradeep Ramuhalli (24 September 2015). Integrated Imaging and Vision Techniques for Industrial Inspection: Advances and Applications. Springer. p. 10. ISBN 9781447167419. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  3. Hornberg, Alexander (2017). Handbook of Machine and Computer Vision: The Guide for Developers and Users. John Wiley & Sons. p. 454. ISBN 9783527413430.
  4. "Interfaces in Machine Vision: A Newcomer Disrupts the Market". www.qualitymag.com. Retrieved 2019-05-21.
  5. "Vision Online". Vision Online. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
  6. "Vision Online". Vision Online. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
  7. "Vision Online". Vision Online. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
  8. "USB3 Vision STEMMER IMAGING". STEMMER IMAGING. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
  9. "USB3 Vision". Pleora Technologies. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
  10. Liu, Zheng (2015). Integrated Imaging and Vision Techniques for Industrial Inspection: Advances and Applications. Springer. p. 10. ISBN 9781447167419.
  11. "USB 3.0 Machine Vision | Newnex". www.newnex.com. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
  12. "USB3 Vision - Industrial image processing". www.matrix-vision.com. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
  13. "Defined Class Codes | USB-IF". USB. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
  14. "Linux USB3 Zero Copy Wiki". Retrieved 2020-03-17.
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