UPF2

Regulator of nonsense transcripts 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UPF2 gene.[5][6][7]

UPF2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1UW4, 2WJV, 4CEK, 4CEM
Identifiers
Aliases	UPF2, HRENT2, smg-3, UPF2 regulator of nonsense transcripts homolog (yeast), regulator of nonsense mediated mRNA decay, UPF2 regulator of nonsense mediated mRNA decay
External IDs	OMIM: 605529 MGI: 2449307 HomoloGene: 6101 GeneCards: UPF2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 10 (human)[1] Band 10p14 Start 11,920,022 bp[1] End 12,043,170 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2|2 A1 Start 5,951,469 bp[2] End 6,056,703 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • GO:0001948 protein binding • telomeric DNA binding • RNA binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • perinuclear region of cytoplasm • exon-exon junction complex • cell nucleus • cytosol • polysome • cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule Biological process • liver development • nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay • mRNA export from nucleus • animal organ regeneration Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	26019	326622
Ensembl	ENSG00000151461	ENSMUSG00000043241
UniProt	Q9HAU5	A2AT37
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_015542 NM_080599	NM_001081132
RefSeq (protein)	NP_056357 NP_542166	NP_001074601
Location (UCSC)	Chr 10: 11.92 – 12.04 Mb	Chr 2: 5.95 – 6.06 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes a protein that is part of a post-splicing multiprotein complex, the exon junction complex, involved in both mRNA nuclear export and mRNA surveillance. mRNA surveillance detects exported mRNAs with truncated open reading frames and initiates nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). When translation ends upstream from the last exon-exon junction, this triggers NMD to degrade mRNAs containing premature stop codons. This protein is located in the perinuclear area. It interacts with translation release factors and the proteins that are functional homologs of yeast Upf1p and Upf3p. Two splice variants have been found for this gene; both variants encode the same protein.[7] UPF2 has recently been shown to alter adult behavior via alterations in hippocampal synaptic spine density and the late long-term potentiation of neurons.[8]

Interactions

UPF2 has been shown to interact with UPF1,[5][9][10][11][12] UPF3A[9][12] and UPF3B.[9][12][13][14]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000151461 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000043241 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Mendell JT, Medghalchi SM, Lake RG, Noensie EN, Dietz HC (Dec 2000). "Novel Upf2p orthologues suggest a functional link between translation initiation and nonsense surveillance complexes". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (23): 8944–57. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.23.8944-8957.2000. PMC 86549. PMID 11073994.
6. Serin G, Gersappe A, Black JD, Aronoff R, Maquat LE (Jan 2001). "Identification and characterization of human orthologues to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Upf2 protein and Upf3 protein (Caenorhabditis elegans SMG-4)". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (1): 209–23. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.1.209-223.2001. PMC 88795. PMID 11113196.
7. "Entrez Gene: UPF2 UPF2 regulator of nonsense transcripts homolog (yeast)".
8. Notaras, Michael; Allen, Megan; Longo, Francesco; Volk, Nicole; Toth, Miklos; Li Jeon, Noo; Klann, Eric; Colak, Dilek (2019-10-21). "UPF2 leads to degradation of dendritically targeted mRNAs to regulate synaptic plasticity and cognitive function". Molecular Psychiatry: 1–20. doi:10.1038/s41380-019-0547-5. ISSN 1476-5578. PMID 31636381. S2CID 204812259.
9. Lejeune F, Li X, Maquat LE (Sep 2003). "Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in mammalian cells involves decapping, deadenylating, and exonucleolytic activities". Molecular Cell. 12 (3): 675–87. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00349-6. PMID 14527413.
10. Schell T, Köcher T, Wilm M, Seraphin B, Kulozik AE, Hentze MW (Aug 2003). "Complexes between the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway factor human upf1 (up-frameshift protein 1) and essential nonsense-mediated mRNA decay factors in HeLa cells". The Biochemical Journal. 373 (Pt 3): 775–83. doi:10.1042/BJ20021920. PMC 1223536. PMID 12723973.
11. Yamashita A, Ohnishi T, Kashima I, Taya Y, Ohno S (Sep 2001). "Human SMG-1, a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase, associates with components of the mRNA surveillance complex and is involved in the regulation of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay". Genes & Development. 15 (17): 2215–28. doi:10.1101/gad.913001. PMC 312771. PMID 11544179.
12. Lykke-Andersen J, Shu MD, Steitz JA (Dec 2000). "Human Upf proteins target an mRNA for nonsense-mediated decay when bound downstream of a termination codon". Cell. 103 (7): 1121–31. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00214-2. PMID 11163187. S2CID 18417600.
13. Lehner B, Sanderson CM (Jul 2004). "A protein interaction framework for human mRNA degradation". Genome Research. 14 (7): 1315–23. doi:10.1101/gr.2122004. PMC 442147. PMID 15231747.
14. Lykke-Andersen J (Dec 2002). "Identification of a human decapping complex associated with hUpf proteins in nonsense-mediated decay". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (23): 8114–21. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.23.8114-8121.2002. PMC 134073. PMID 12417715.

Further reading

• Wilson KF, Fortes P, Singh US, Ohno M, Mattaj IW, Cerione RA (Feb 1999). "The nuclear cap-binding complex is a novel target of growth factor receptor-coupled signal transduction". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (7): 4166–73. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.7.4166. PMID 9933612.
• Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ishikawa KI, Hirosawa M, Ohara O (Feb 2000). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XVI. The complete sequences of 150 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Research. 7 (1): 65–73. doi:10.1093/dnares/7.1.65. PMID 10718198.
• Lykke-Andersen J, Shu MD, Steitz JA (Dec 2000). "Human Upf proteins target an mRNA for nonsense-mediated decay when bound downstream of a termination codon". Cell. 103 (7): 1121–31. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00214-2. PMID 11163187. S2CID 18417600.
• Yamashita A, Ohnishi T, Kashima I, Taya Y, Ohno S (Sep 2001). "Human SMG-1, a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase, associates with components of the mRNA surveillance complex and is involved in the regulation of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay". Genes & Development. 15 (17): 2215–28. doi:10.1101/gad.913001. PMC 312771. PMID 11544179.
• Lykke-Andersen J, Shu MD, Steitz JA (Sep 2001). "Communication of the position of exon-exon junctions to the mRNA surveillance machinery by the protein RNPS1". Science. 293 (5536): 1836–9. doi:10.1126/science.1062786. PMID 11546874. S2CID 389385.
• Lejeune F, Ishigaki Y, Li X, Maquat LE (Jul 2002). "The exon junction complex is detected on CBP80-bound but not eIF4E-bound mRNA in mammalian cells: dynamics of mRNP remodeling". The EMBO Journal. 21 (13): 3536–45. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf345. PMC 126094. PMID 12093754.
• Lykke-Andersen J (Dec 2002). "Identification of a human decapping complex associated with hUpf proteins in nonsense-mediated decay". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (23): 8114–21. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.23.8114-8121.2002. PMC 134073. PMID 12417715.
• Chiu SY, Serin G, Ohara O, Maquat LE (Jan 2003). "Characterization of human Smg5/7a: a protein with similarities to Caenorhabditis elegans SMG5 and SMG7 that functions in the dephosphorylation of Upf1". RNA. 9 (1): 77–87. doi:10.1261/rna.2137903. PMC 1370372. PMID 12554878.
• Gehring NH, Neu-Yilik G, Schell T, Hentze MW, Kulozik AE (Apr 2003). "Y14 and hUpf3b form an NMD-activating complex". Molecular Cell. 11 (4): 939–49. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00142-4. PMID 12718880.
• Schell T, Köcher T, Wilm M, Seraphin B, Kulozik AE, Hentze MW (Aug 2003). "Complexes between the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway factor human upf1 (up-frameshift protein 1) and essential nonsense-mediated mRNA decay factors in HeLa cells". The Biochemical Journal. 373 (Pt 3): 775–83. doi:10.1042/BJ20021920. PMC 1223536. PMID 12723973.
• Lejeune F, Li X, Maquat LE (Sep 2003). "Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in mammalian cells involves decapping, deadenylating, and exonucleolytic activities". Molecular Cell. 12 (3): 675–87. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00349-6. PMID 14527413.
• Ohnishi T, Yamashita A, Kashima I, Schell T, Anders KR, Grimson A, Hachiya T, Hentze MW, Anderson P, Ohno S (Nov 2003). "Phosphorylation of hUPF1 induces formation of mRNA surveillance complexes containing hSMG-5 and hSMG-7". Molecular Cell. 12 (5): 1187–200. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00443-X. PMID 14636577.
• Kadlec J, Izaurralde E, Cusack S (Apr 2004). "The structural basis for the interaction between nonsense-mediated mRNA decay factors UPF2 and UPF3". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 11 (4): 330–7. doi:10.1038/nsmb741. PMID 15004547. S2CID 23042477.
• Lehner B, Sanderson CM (Jul 2004). "A protein interaction framework for human mRNA degradation". Genome Research. 14 (7): 1315–23. doi:10.1101/gr.2122004. PMC 442147. PMID 15231747.
• Lejeune F, Ranganathan AC, Maquat LE (Oct 2004). "eIF4G is required for the pioneer round of translation in mammalian cells". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 11 (10): 992–1000. doi:10.1038/nsmb824. PMID 15361857. S2CID 3093989.