Tsuneko Gauntlett

Tsuneko Yamada Gauntlett (ガントレット恒, October 26, 1873 – November 29, 1953), born Yamada Tsune, was a Japanese temperance, suffrage, and peace activist. In 1937 she was international president of the Pan-Pacific Women's Association.

Tsuneko Gauntlett
Tsuneko Gauntlett and her husband, in 1949
Born
Yamada Tsune

(1873-10-26)October 26, 1873
Anjō, Aichi, Japan
DiedNovember 29, 1953(1953-11-29) (aged 80)
Tokyo, Japan
NationalityJapanese, with British citizenship from 1898 to 1941
Other namesTsune Gauntlett, C. T. Gauntlett
Spouse(s)George Edward Luckman Gauntlett
RelativesKosaku Yamada (brother)

Early life

Yamada Tsune was born in what is now part of the city of Anjō, Aichi, the daughter of a samurai, Yamada Kenzō. Her younger brother was composer Kosaku Yamada. She was educated at the Sakurai Girls' School, where one of her teachers was Yajima Kajiko.[1]

Career

Tsuneko Gauntlett taught at the Kyōai Girls' School in Maebashi as a young woman. She also worked as a translator. She was active with the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in Japan from the early 1890s. She attended the international meeting of the WCTU in London in 1920. She served as the organization's president in Japan after World War II.[1]

Gauntlett was also a leader in the Japan Woman's Suffrage Association, with Kubushiro Ochimi.[2] She was vice-chair of the Japanese delegation to the first Pan-Pacific Women's Congress in Hawaii in 1928, and spoke on work against human trafficking.[3] She and Utako Hayashi presented a peace petition to British prime minister Ramsay MacDonald at the London Naval Conference in 1930,[4] and she spoke about her London experiences in San Francisco later that year.[5]

Gauntlett returned to Hawaii for another Pan-Pacific Women's Congress in 1935.[6] She was elected president of the Pan-Pacific Women's Association, succeeding Australian biologist Georgina Sweet, and presided when the organization met in 1937, in Vancouver.[7][8][9] In 1939, she was vice-president of the Pan-Pacific Women's Association, and head of the Japanese Federation of Women's Organizations.[10][11][12]

Gauntlett wrote short biographies of Japanese women leaders, including "Madam Kajiko Yajima: A Brief Sketch of Her Life" (1934)[13] "Miss Uta Hayashi, a brief sketch of her life" (1934),[14] and "Dr. Yayoi Yoshioka: A Brief Sketch of Her Life" (1934).[15]

Marriage, citizenship, and children

Yamada Tsune married British educator George Edward Luckman Gauntlett in 1898. Their interracial wedding required a letter from Queen Victoria. Because of the marriage, Tsuneko Gauntlett became a British citizen, until 1941 when both Gauntletts became Japanese citizens, using the family name "Ganto" as an approximation of "Gauntlett". The Gauntletts had six children together; two of their daughters (Frances and Kathleen) remained British citizens and lived in Canada and England during World War II; two of their children (Winifred and Owen) married Japanese people and lived in Japan during the war; their daughter Amy lived in Japan with her South African husband, and their youngest son Trevor became a Japanese citizen in 1941.[1]

Death

Tsuneko Gauntlett died in 1953, aged 80 years,[16] at her home in Shinjuku, Tokyo. "Mrs. Gauntlett devoted most of her life to the betterment of Japanese women's status," summarized one American newspaper obituary.[17] Her grave is with her husband's, in Tama Cemetery in Tokyo.[1]

References
  1. Gauntlett, Saiko. "Edward Gauntlett (1868-1956), English Teacher, Explorer, Missionary" in Britain and Japan: Biographical Portraits Volume 6 (Global Oriental 2007): 301-306.
  2. Hatano, Rieko. "Women's Equality Day observed across the DLA Distribution Yokosuka, Ja". Defense Logistics Agency. Retrieved 2019-11-10.
  3. Shibahara, Taeko (2011). ""The Private League of Nations": The Pan-Pacific Women's Conference and Japanese Feminists in 1928". U.S.-Japan Women's Journal (41): 3–24. ISSN 2330-5037. JSTOR 42772312.
  4. Ogawa, Manako (2007). "The "White Ribbon League of Nations" Meets Japan: The Trans-Pacific Activism of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1906–1930"*"". Diplomatic History. 31 (1): 21–50. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7709.2007.00601.x. ISSN 0145-2096. JSTOR 24916019.
  5. "Center Group will Hear Parley Talk". The San Francisco Examiner. May 13, 1930. p. 12. Retrieved November 9, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. "Kauai Arranges Japanese Fete". The Honolulu Advertiser. January 31, 1935. p. 12. Retrieved November 9, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. "Women of East, West to Meet in Vancouver". The Vancouver Sun. April 17, 1937. p. 14. Retrieved November 9, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. "Mrs. Gauntlett to Speak Today at Luncheon". The Honolulu Advertiser. August 10, 1937. p. 7. Retrieved November 9, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. "Famous Women in Conference". The Province. July 10, 1937. p. 5. Retrieved November 10, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. "German Revolution Scouted by Visitor". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. December 28, 1939. p. 13. Retrieved November 9, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. Moore, Adrienne (February 8, 1940). "Japan Expects Women to Forego Feminist Rewards". Dayton Daily News. p. 27. Retrieved November 9, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. "Japanese Christian Women Assist Chinese Refugees". The Vancouver Sun. June 4, 1938. p. 13. Retrieved November 10, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. Gauntlett, C. Tsune (1934). Madam Kajiko Yajima: A Brief Sketch of Her Life.
  14. Gauntlett, C. Tsune (1934). Miss Uta Hayashi, a brief sketch of her life. Tokyo: Home Press. OCLC 29922904.
  15. Gauntlett, C. Tsune (1934). Dr. Yayoi Yoshioka: A Brief Sketch of Her Life. Home Press.
  16. "Japan Feminist Dies". The Los Angeles Times. November 30, 1953. p. 22. Retrieved November 9, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. "Mrs. Tsuneko Gauntlett, 83, Dies in Tokyo". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. December 3, 1953. p. 6. Retrieved November 9, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
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