Trypanosoma vivax

Trypanosoma vivax is a parasite species in the genus Trypanosoma. It causes the disease nagana, also known as animal trypanosomiasis, affecting cattle or wild mammals such as the nyala. It is mainly occurring in West Africa, although it has spread to South America.[1]

Trypanosoma vivax
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
(unranked):
Excavata
Phylum:
Sarcomastigophora
Class:
Kinetoplastida
Order:
Trypanosomatida
Genus:
Trypanosoma
Species:
T. vivax
Binomial name
Trypanosoma vivax
Synonyms

Trypanosoma caprae
Trypanosoma angolense

Symptoms of T. vivax include "rapid weight loss, lethargy, weakness, clumsiness, pale mucosa, swelling of superficial lymph nodes, anemia, and fluctuating pyrexia, causing[...]a drop in animal productivity."[2]

A novel proline racemase of medical and veterinary importance has been described in T. vivax (B8LFE4).[3]

The smallest variable surface glycoprotein (40 kDa in size) to date has been found in T. vivax, which bears little carbohydrate.[4]

It also produces vivapain, a cysteine peptidase.[5]

References
  1. Batista JS, Rodrigues CM, García HA, Bezerra FS, Olinda RG, Teixeira MM, Soto-Blanco B (2011). "Association of Trypanosoma vivax in extracellular sites with central nervous system lesions and changes in cerebrospinal fluid in experimentally infected goats". Veterinary Research. 42 (63): 1–7. doi:10.1186/1297-9716-42-63. PMC 3105954. PMID 21569364.
  2. Camejo, María; Spencer, Lilian; Núñez, Armando (15 December 2014). "TNF-alpha in bulls experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax: A pilot study". Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 162 (3–4): 192–197. doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.10.010. PMID 25464824.
  3. Chamond N, Cosson A, Coatnoan N, Minoprio P (June 2009). "Proline racemases are conserved mitogens: characterization of a Trypanosoma vivax proline racemase". Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 165 (2): 170–9. doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.02.002. PMID 19428664.
  4. Gardiner, Peter R.; Nene, Vishvanath; Barry, Michele M.; Thatthi, Ravi; Burleigh, Barbara; Clarke, Michael W. (1996). "Characterization of a small variable surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma vivax". Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology. 82 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02687-4. PMID 8943146.
  5. Vather, Perina. "Vivapain : a cysteine peptidase from Trypanosoma vivax". hdl:10413/4775. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

Further reading
  • Camejo, Maria; Nunez, Armando; Spencer, Lilian (December 2014). "TNF-alpha in bulls experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax: A pilot study". Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology (Thesis). 162 (3–4): 197. doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.10.010. PMID 25464824.

"Trypanosoma vivax". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

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