Tribofilm

Tribofilms (boundary lubricant films,[1] boundary lubricating films,[2] tribo-boundary films[3] or boundary films[4]) are films that form on tribologically stressed surfaces. Tribofilms are mostly solid surface films that result from a chemical reaction of lubricant components or tribological surfaces.

Tribofilms play an important role in reducing friction and wear in lubricated systems. They form as a result of complex mechanochemical interactions between surface materials and lubricants,[5] and the study of tribofilm formation processes is a major field of tribology.

Generally, a tribofilm is any film that forms in a tribosystem "as a result of interaction between chemical components of the [lubricant] with the lubricated surface".[6] The term is mostly used to describe strongly bound films that are formed on tribologically stressed surfaces, such as tribochemical reaction films[1] (for example produced by ZDDP-containing lubricants[7][8]) or polymeric and non-sacrificial reaction films (for example formed by complex esters).[1]

While the definition of the term is flexible, it is usually contrasted to weakly bound surface films that may form due to ionic interactions or lubricant adsorption.

References
  1. Kapsa, Ph.; Martin, J.M. (1982). "Boundary lubricant films: a review". Tribology International. 15 (1): 37–42. doi:10.1016/0301-679x(82)90110-4.
  2. Hsu, S.M.; Gates, R.S. (2005). "Boundary lubricating films: formation and lubrication mechanism". Tribology International. 38 (3): 305–312. doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2004.08.021.
  3. Qu, Jun; Chi, Miaofang; Meyer, Harry M.; Blau, Peter J.; Dai, Sheng; Luo, Huimin (2011-08-01). "Nanostructure and Composition of Tribo-Boundary Films Formed in Ionic Liquid Lubrication". Tribology Letters. 43 (2): 205–211. doi:10.1007/s11249-011-9800-z. ISSN 1023-8883.
  4. Nyberg, Erik; Mouzon, Johanne; Grahn, Mattias; Minami, Ichiro (2017-04-26). "Formation of Boundary Film from Ionic Liquids Enhanced by Additives". Applied Sciences. 7 (5): 433. doi:10.3390/app7050433.
  5. Biswas, S.K (2000). "Some mechanisms of tribofilm formation in metal/metal and ceramic/metal sliding interactions". Wear. 245 (1–2): 178–189. doi:10.1016/s0043-1648(00)00477-4.
  6. Morina, Ardian; Neville, Anne (2007). "Tribofilms: aspects of formation, stability and removal". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 40 (18): 5476–5487. Bibcode:2007JPhD...40.5476M. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/40/18/s08.
  7. Shimizu, Yasunori; Spikes, Hugh A. (2016-12-01). "The Tribofilm Formation of ZDDP Under Reciprocating Pure Sliding Conditions". Tribology Letters. 64 (3): 46. doi:10.1007/s11249-016-0776-6. ISSN 1023-8883.
  8. Gosvami, N. N.; Bares, J. A.; Mangolini, F.; Konicek, A. R.; Yablon, D. G.; Carpick, R. W. (2015-04-03). "Mechanisms of antiwear tribofilm growth revealed in situ by single-asperity sliding contacts" (PDF). Science. 348 (6230): 102–106. Bibcode:2015Sci...348..102G. doi:10.1126/science.1258788. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 25765069.
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