Timeline of Łódź

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Łódź, Poland.

Timeline of the Łódź history
Affiliations

Kingdom of Poland 1300s–1569

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569–1793
Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1807
Duchy of Warsaw 1807-1815
Russian Empire 1815–1916
Kingdom of Poland 1916–1918
Republic of Poland 1918–1939
Third Reich 1939–1945
People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989

 Republic of Poland 1989–present

Prior to 19th century

See also: Timeline of Łódź (to 1820)

• 1793
  • Town becomes part of South Prussia.
  • Population: 190.[1]

19th century

See also: Timeline of Łódź (1821-1918)

• 1806 - Town joins the Napoleonic Duchy of Warsaw.
• 1815 - Town becomes part of Russian client state Congress Poland per Congress of Vienna.
• 1820 - Antoni Czarkowski becomes mayor.
• 1824 - Lodka settlement developed.[2]
• 1827 - K.F. Wendisch factory in business.[2]
• 1828 - Slazaki settlement developed.[2]
• 1829 - Population: 4,273.[1]
• 1837 - Ludwig Geyer factory in business.[2]
• 1839 - White Factory built.
• 1852 - Industrialist Karl Scheibler in business.
• 1860 - Population: 31,500.[3]
• 1861 - Stara Synagogue built.
• 1863 - Lodzer Zeitung German-language newspaper begins publication.
• 1866 - Koluszki-Łódź railway begins operating.
• 1867 - Congress Poland becomes part of the Russian Empire.
• 1868 - Łódź Fabryczna railway station built.
• 1872 - Moscow-Łódź railway begins operating.[2]
• 1878 - Manufaktura textile mill built.
• 1881
  • Great Synagogue built.
  • Population: 49,592.[4]
• 1884 - Alexander Nevsky Cathedral built.
• 1888 - Karl Scheibler's Chapel built.
• 1892 - Izrael Poznański factory built.
• 1897 - Population: 314,780.[3]
• 1899 - Hazomir Choral Society founded.[5]
• 1900 - Population: 351,570.[6]

20th century

1900s-1940s

See also: Timeline of Łódź (1918–1939), Timeline of Łódź (1939–1945), Timeline of Łódź (1945–1989)

• 1901 - Krzemiński cinema active.[7]
• 1902 - Łódź Kaliska railway station built.
• 1904 - Ezras Israel Synagogue built.
• 1905 - 21–25 June: Łódź insurrection.
• 1910 - Widzew Łódź football club formed.
• 1914
  • 11 November: Battle of Łódź begins near city.[8]
  • December: Germans in power.
• 1915 - Bałuty becomes part of city.[9]
• 1918 - City becomes part of Poland.[10]
• 1920 - Catholic Diocese of Łódź established.
• 1922 - City becomes capital of Łódź Voivodeship (province).
• 1925 - Łódź Airport opens.
• 1930
  • Stadion Widzewa (stadium) opens.
  • Municipal Museum of History and Art inaugurated.[11]
• 1931 - Museum of Ethnography established.[12]
• 1939
  • 6–8 September: Battle of Łódź; Germans in power.
  • 12 October – 4 November: City becomes seat of Nazi German General Government of occupied Poland.
  • November: City becomes part of the German Reich.
  • City renamed "Litzmannstadt."
  • Łódź Ghetto formed.
• 1945
  • 17 January: City taken by the Soviet Army.
  • Łódź University of Technology and Public Academy of Arts established.
  • Dziennik Łodzki newspaper begins publication.[13]
• 1948 - National Film School in Łódź established.

1950s-1990s

See also: Timeline of Łódź (1945–1989), Timeline of Łódź (since 1989)

• 1957 - Russkiĭ Golos newspaper begins publication.[14]
• 1958 - Łódź Heat Power Stations commissioned.
• 1960 - Central Museum of Textiles established.
• 1967 - Grand Theatre opens.[15]
• 1968 - Ballet festival begins.[15]
• 1973 - National choreographic competition begins.[15]
• 1974 - Population: 784,000.[16]
• 1975
  • Stadion ŁKS (stadium) built.
  • Museum of the City of Łódź active.[17]
• 1981 - Protest against food shortage.

21st century

See also: Timeline of Łódź (since 1989)

• 2002
  • Jerzy Kropiwnicki becomes mayor.
  • Population: 785,134; province 2,612,900.[13]
• 2004 - Łódź Biennale active.[18]
• 2006 - Manufaktura shopping mall opens.
• 2008 - Open-air Museum of the Łódź Wooden Architecture established.
• 2009 - Arena Łódź opens.
• 2010 - Hanna Zdanowska becomes mayor.

See also

• Łódź history
• History of Łódź
• List of mayors of Łódź
• List of years in Poland

References

1. Flatt 1853.
2. Popławska 1986.
3. Adna Ferrin Weber (1899), Growth of Cities in the Nineteenth Century, Studies in History, Economics and Public Law, New York: Macmillan Company, OL 24341630M
4. "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1885. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590469.
5. Donna M. Di Grazia, ed. (2013). Nineteenth-Century Choral Music. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-98852-0.
6. Britannica 1910.
7. Sheila Skaff (2008). The Law of the Looking Glass: Cinema in Poland, 1896-1939. Ohio University Press. ISBN 978-0-8214-1784-3.
8. Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
9. "Lodz". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Archived from the original on 2013.
10. Webster's Geographical Dictionary, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OL 5812502M
11. Jesús Pedro Lorente (2011). Museums of Contemporary Art: Notion and Development. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 978-1-4094-0587-0.
12. "History of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Łódź". Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi. Archived from the original on 16 November 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
13. Europa World Year Book 2004. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 1857432533.
14. "Lodz Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
15. Don Rubin, ed. (2001). "Poland". World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre. 1: Europe. Routledge. p. 634+. ISBN 9780415251570.
16. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
17. "Historia Muzeum" (in Polish). Muzeum Miasta Łodzi. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
18. "Culture.pl". Warsaw: Adam Mickiewicz Institute. Retrieved 30 November 2013.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Polish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• "Lodz", Jewish Encyclopedia, 8, New York, 1907, hdl:2027/osu.32435029752870
• "Łódź", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
• "Lodz", Russia, with Teheran, Port Arthur, and Peking, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1914, OCLC 1328163
• Zygmunt Gostkowski (1959). "Popular Interest in the Municipal Elections of Łódź, Poland". Public Opinion Quarterly. 23 (3): 371–381. doi:10.1086/266889. JSTOR 2746388.
• Bronislawa Kopczynska-Jaworska (1983). "Working Class Traditions in Łódź". Urban Anthropology. 12 (3/4): 217–243. JSTOR 40553010.
• Irena Popławska; Stefan Muthesius (1986). "Poland's Manchester: 19th-Century Industrial and Domestic Architecture in Łódź". Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 45 (2): 148–160. doi:10.2307/990093. JSTOR 990093.

• Zysiak, Agata et al. From Cotton and Smoke: Łódź - Industrial City and Discourses of Asynchronous Modernity, 1897-1994 (Krakow: Jagiellonian University Press, 2019). online review

in other languages

• Oskara Flatt (1853). Opis miasta Łodzi: pod względem historycznym, statystycznym i przemysłowym [Description of Łódź: historical, statistical and industrial] (in Polish). Warszawa: Drukarni gazety codziennej.
• O. Flatt (1866), "Łódź", Tygodnik Illustrowany (in Polish), 13 (330), pp. 28–31
• Alfred Scholz (1904). Die Baumwollindustrie im Lodzer Industrierayon 1823-1903 (in German). Breslau: R. Nischkowsky.
• F. Bielschowski (1912). Die Textilindustrie des Lodzer Rayons (in German). Leipzig.

External links

• "History". City of Łódź.
• Europeana. Items related to Łódź, various dates.
• Map of Łódź, 1967