The Plague of Doves
The Plague of Doves is a 2008 New York Times bestseller and the first entry in a loosely-connected trilogy by Ojibwe author Louise Erdrich.[1] The Plague of Doves follows the townsfolk of Pluto, North Dakota, who are plagued by a farming family's unsolved murder from generations prior.[1] The novel incorporates Erdrich's multiple narrator trope that is present in other works including the Love Medicine series.[1] Its sequel is the National Book Award winning novel The Round House. Erdrich concluded the "Justice" trilogy with LaRose in 2016.[2]
 Cover of the Harper Perennial edition | |
| Author | Louise Erdrich |
|---|---|
| Cover artist | Fritz Metsch |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Fiction |
| Publisher | HarperCollins Publishers Harper Perennial |
Publication date | 2008 |
| Media type | Novel |
| Pages | 352 |
| ISBN | 978-0-06-051513-3 |
| Preceded by | The Game of Silence (2005) |
| Followed by | The Porcupine Year (2008) |
Background
The central plot for The Plague of Doves revolves around an act of racism that took place in the early 20th century.[1] Peter G. Beidler outlines how Louise Erdrich's plot for the novel was influenced by real-life events that happened in North Dakota in the late 1890s.[3] As he explains, a white family, the Spicers, were murdered by a group of Native Americans. While the murderers were tried and sentenced to death for their crimes, the citizens of the town believed the three witnesses, also Native Americans, were guilty as well.[3] Nine months after the trial, the citizens stormed the jailhouse where the men were being held, overpowered the guards, and proceeded to hang the three men in question.[3] One of the men was a 19-year-old boy named Paul Holy Track, believed to be the direct influence for Erdrich's character, the thirteen-year-old Holy Track.[3][1]
Character List
- Evelina Harp: The novel's first named narrator. She matures throughout the novel while exploring notions of bisexuality and uncovering Pluto's past.[1]
- Mooshum/ Seraph Milk: Evelina's grandfather who tells her about the reservation's past.[1]
- Shamengwa: Mooshum's brother. He is a violinist with a crippled arm who later tutors Corwin Peace.[1]
- Judge Antone Bazil Coutts: The tribal judge. He is the novel's second narrator. He has an affair with Dr. Cordelia Lochren.[1]
- Corwin Peace: Evelina's elementary school crush. He is a mischievous delinquent born out of wedlock, and he matures under Shamengwa's tutelage.[1]
- Billy Peace: Marn Wolde's husband with familial connections to the area's past. He becomes a spiritual leader to his family and the community.[1]
- Marn Wolde: Billy Peace's wife. He is the novel's third narrator. She seeks eccentric spirituality to escape her self-described prison.[1]
- Uncle Warren Wolde: Marn Wolde's uncle. He is a senile man in a mental hospital whose past actions have shaped the entire town.[1]
- Dr. Cordelia Lochren: The novel's last narrator. She is the surviving child of a family massacre; she harbors prejudices in her later years.[1]
Summary
The novel begins with a family's grisly murder resulting in a baby being the only surviving member.[1] A young girl named Evelina, who struggles with her sexuality in grade school, listens to her grandfather's, Mooshum's, tales of Pluto, North Dakota's past.[1] In 1896, a flock of doves terrorized the town and the people within it.[1] Mooshum also explains how he was the only surviving member of a lynch mob who sought answers about the murders that resulted in an orphaned child.[1] This trauma caused Mooshum to flee the town for years before returning to the reservation, married and ready to start a family.[1] Upon returning, Mooshum and his brother, Shamengwa, develop a dependency on alcohol.[1] These tales leave Evelina with more questions than answers, and Mooshum is hesitant to divulge everything.[1] Evelina is nervous to express the attraction she has for both her teacher and her classmate.[1]
Next enters Billy Peace, whose union with the woman who rejected Mooshum's romantic advances results in a child out of wedlock.[1] After the kidnapping of Billy's child's mother backfires, he goes to join the army.[1] The army is Billy's introduction to religion.[1] When Billy returns home, he starts a church.[1] Billy marries Marn Wolde who both bond over running away from a past issues.[1] Marn is eventually not happy with her marriage or with the way Billy disciplines their children or how he interacts with her.[1] Marn murders her husband and flees Pluto with her children in tow.[1]
An older Evelina, now working at the diner, runs into Marn.[1] The interaction recalls Evelina's former attractions to Marn's nephew.[1] Evelina is also given information from her former crush and teacher that causes her to suffer mentally.[1] While at the mental hospital, Evelina meets with patients but takes note of the weird actions of one in particular named Warren Wolde.[1] Warren Wolde dies in the hospital after hearing Corwin Peace play the violin while visiting Evelina.[1] His death unravels some of the town's hidden mystery.[1]
Themes
Ojibwe and Métis History
Métis and Ojibwe history is featured throughout the novel.[1] The Métis connection comes to the forefront with the character Mooshum noting Louis Riel as a personal hero. Evelina also mentions a picture of Riel that her mother kept on display. The characters frequently refer to Riel and imagine what could have been had he succeeded in establishing a Michif nation. Furthermore, throughout the novel the characters speak in both Michif and Anishinaabe.[1] As Corrine Bancroft argues, Erdrich's novel allows readers "to face the way history still bleeds into the present and challenges us to develop a type of responsibility that is attentive to different and possibly incommensurate human experiences."[4]
Crime
Crime and punishment are two prominent themes in The Plague of Doves. Critic Lara Feigel notes that Erdrich offers several moments where the issues of what constitutes justice emerge as central to the plot.[5] In addition to the main plot regarding the family's murder, there are other instances of criminal enterprises. For example, Billy Peace plans to rob John Wildstrand of $10,000.[1] For his part, Wildstrand also suggests that the two kidnap of Neve who is his current wife. They agree upon this plan and Billy kidnaps Neve, then makes John tie himself up, and John goes the extra mile to fake tears in front of Neve.[1]
Dedication and Love
Feigel also explains how the world that Erdrich builds is entangled with love and dedication.[5] For example, Joseph and Bull's journey through the storm exemplifies this factor by showcasing their determination to stick together and withstand a cold storm.[1] Evelina and Corwin also remain loyal friends throughout the novel.[1]
Reception
The Plague of Doves received many favorable reviews that often deemed it a challenging, and more than often multilayered book at the time of its release. It was named a “Best Book of The Year” by The Washington Post, Chicago Tribune, San Francisco Chronicle, and The Christian Science Monitor.[1]
In a review from The New York Times, Bruce Barcott mentions that Erdrich has created “an often gorgeous, sometimes maddeningly opaque portrait of a community strangled by its own history.”[4] In another, Michiko Kakutani of The New York Times states that Erdrich "uses several characters to narrate alternating chapters, giving us a choral story that unfolds from multiple perspectives."[6]
Additionally, the book was also selected as a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in 2009. In the same year, the novel also won the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award, which is awarded to books that have made a vital contribution to understanding racism and human diversity.[7]
References
- Erdrich, Louise (2008). The Plague of Doves (1st Harper Perennial ed.). Harper Perennial. p. 352. ISBN 9780060515133.
- "PressReader.com - Your favorite newspapers and magazines". www.pressreader.com.
- Beidler, Peter G. Murdering Indians : a documentary history of the 1897 killings that inspired Louise Erdrich's the Plague of Doves. McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-7564-3.
- Bancroft, Corinne (14 September 2018). "The Braided Narrative". Narrative. pp. 262–281. doi:10.1353/nar.2018.0013.
- Feigel, Lara. "The Plague Of Doves". The Guardian. The Guardian. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
- Kakutani, Michiko (13 November 2019). "Louise Erdrich's Novel 'The Plague of Doves' Looks at the Tangled Roots of a Town's Family Trees". The New York Times. The New York times.
- "The Plague of Doves". Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards.