Tamarix dioica

Tamarix dioica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Tamaricaceae
Genus:	Tamarix
Species:	T. dioica
Binomial name
	Tamarix dioica; Roxb. ex Roth
Synonyms
	Tamarix gallica Wight.

Tamarix dioica is a twiggy shrub or small tree that grows in saline habitats in western Asia. Common names include ghaz and khagal in Pakistan,[1] lal jhau, urusia, ban jhau, nona-gach, urichiya in Bangladesh and nona jhau in the Sunderbans.[2]

Description

Tamarix dioica is a shrub or small tree with reddish bark which grows to a maximum height of 6 m (20 ft). The leaves are greyish-green, tiny and scale-like, overlapping each other along the stem. Male and female flowers grow on separate plants. The inflorescences are racemes up to 8 cm (3 in) long with pink or purple flowers[2][3]

Distribution and habitat

Tamarix dioica is native to Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Burma.[3] It is one of the dominant plants of dwarf semi-shrub desert vegetation in flood plains and dry riverbeds where it occurs in association with Salvadora persica and Vachellia nilotica subsp. indica.[4]

Uses

Tamarix dioica is used in traditional medicine as a diuretic and a carminative,[1] as an astringent,[2] and for the treatment of inflammation of the liver and spleen. An extract of the leaves has been shown to have antifungal activity. Phytochemical screening reveals the presence of several unusual phytochemicals and further investigation needs to be undertaken to determine whether any of these are a potential source of useful drugs.[1]

References

Samejoa, Muhammad Qasim; Sumbula, Adeela; Shaha, Shahnila; Memona, Sara Bano; Chundrigara, Shahjabeen (2013). "Phytochemical screening of Tamarix dioica Roxb. ex Roch". Journal of Pharmacy Research. 7 (2): 181–183. doi:10.1016/j.jopr.2013.02.017.
"Tamarix dioica". Medicinal plants of Bangladesh. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
"Tamarix dioica". Flora of Pakistan. efloras.org. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
Perry, R.A.; Goodall, D.W. (1979). Arid Land Ecosystems: Volume 1: Structure, Functioning and Management. CUP Archive. p. 256. ISBN 978-0-521-21842-9.

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[Samejoa-1] Samejoa, Muhammad Qasim; Sumbula, Adeela; Shaha, Shahnila; Memona, Sara Bano; Chundrigara, Shahjabeen (2013). "Phytochemical screening of Tamarix dioica Roxb. ex Roch". Journal of Pharmacy Research. 7 (2): 181–183. doi:10.1016/j.jopr.2013.02.017.

[Bangladesh-2] "Tamarix dioica". Medicinal plants of Bangladesh. Retrieved 21 February 2016.

[Pakistan-3] "Tamarix dioica". Flora of Pakistan. efloras.org. Retrieved 21 February 2016.

[4] Perry, R.A.; Goodall, D.W. (1979). Arid Land Ecosystems: Volume 1: Structure, Functioning and Management. CUP Archive. p. 256. ISBN 978-0-521-21842-9.