Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR

The Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR (Azerbaijani: Азәрбаjҹан ССР Али Совети, Azərbaycan SSR Ali Soveti; Russian: Верховный Совет Азербайджа́нской ССР tr. Verkhovnyy Sovet Azerbaydzhanskoy SSR) was the supreme soviet (main legislative institution) of the Azerbaijan SSR. In 1994, the Supreme Soviet was renamed to the National Assembly and was officially disbanded in 1995 when a semi-presidential system was implemented.[2]

Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR

Азәрбаjҹан ССР Али Совети (Azerbaijani)
Верховный Совет Азербайджа́нской ССР
(Russian)
Azerbaijan SSR (1938–1991)
Azerbaijan (1991–1995)
Type
Type
History
Established1938
Disbanded1995
Preceded byParliament of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
Succeeded by National Assembly
Leadership
Chairman
Chairman of the Presidium
Elections
Last election
1990

History

During the last session of Azerbaijani Parliament on April 27, 1920 under pressure of the Bolshevik Russian 11th Red Army and ultimatum from Caucasian Committee of the Russian Communist Party which invaded Azerbaijan, the deputies decided to disband the government in favour of the Bolsheviks to avoid bloodshed. Once the Bolsheviks took over, they abolished all structures of the Azerbaijani government and established the Azerbaijan Interim Revolutionary Committee administered by Azerbaijani communists Nariman Narimanov, Aliheydar Garayev, Gazanfar Musabekov, Hamid Sultanov and Dadash Bunyadzade. The Bolsheviks dissolved the Azerbaijani Army, executed its generals and officers, and nationalized private industries.

In May 1921, the first All-Azerbaijan Soviet Session made up of newly elected deputies from all regions of Azerbaijan convened in Baku. The elected deputies were mainly drawn from poor, uneducated, unprepared factory workers and villagers which facilitated complete rule from Moscow. The first session established the Azerbaijan Central Executive Committee consisting of 75 members and its board with 13 members. From 1921 through 1937, nine sessions of All-Azerbaijan Soviets were convened. In 1937, during the 9th session of the All-Azerbaijani Soviets a new Azerbaijan SSR Constitution was ratified and the new legislative body the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR was established.

The first elections to Supreme Soviet took place on June 24, 1938. Out of 310 deputies elected, 107 were workers, 88 collective farmers and 115 educated civil servants. Seventy two of the deputies were women. Due to the authoritarian nature of Soviet rule where most new initiatives were met with hostility, the parliament was virtually ineffective. Due to multiple reforms and restructuring in the government of the Azerbaijan SSR in the 1970s-1980s, the role of the Supreme Soviet increased. Many legislative reforms including the ratification of the new Azerbaijan SSR Constitution of 1977 took place. After the demands of the Armenian SSR to transfer the NKAO region of Azerbaijan to Armenia, the parliament was largely passive and indifferent. On October 18, 1991 the Supreme Soviet passed a resolution confirming the restoration of the independence of Azerbaijan.[3]

Convocations
  • 1st Convocation (1938-1946)
  • 2nd Convocation (1947-1950)
  • 3rd Convocation (1951-1954)
  • 4th Convocation (1955-1959)
  • 5th Convocation (1959-1962)
  • 6th Convocation (1963-1966)
  • 7th Convocation (1967-1970)
  • 8th Convocation (1971-1975)
  • 9th Convocation (1975-1979)
  • 10th Convocation (1980-1984)
  • 11th Convocation (1985-1990)
  • 12th Convocation (1991-1995)

Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet

In May 1990, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR was disbanded. As a result, the powers within the position of the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet were transferred to the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet.

No. Picture Name

(Birth–Death)

 Took office Left office Political party
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
1 Mir Teymur Yagubov

(1904-1970)

 18 July 1938 7 April 1941 CPSU
2 Aziz Aliyev

(1896-1962)

 7 April 1941 6 March 1944 CPSU
3 Sultan Qafarzada

(1908-1955)

 6 March 1944 22 March 1947 CPSU
4 Yusif Yusifov

(1906-1995)

 22 March 1947 26 March 1951 CPSU
5 Agamirza Akhmedov

(1905-1964)

 26 March 1951 18 April 1953 CPSU
6 Mustafa Topchubashov

(1895-1981)

 18 April 1953 25 March 1955 CPSU
7 Abdullah Bayramov

(1912-1977)

 25 March 1955 23 January 1958 CPSU
8 Mirza Ibrahimov

(1911-1993)

 23 January 1958 25 March 1959 CPSU
9 Gazanfar Jafarli

(?-?)

 25 March 1959 26 November 1959 CPSU
10 Ali Tagizada

(?-?)

 26 November 1959 29 March 1963 CPSU
11 Mammad Dadashzade

(1904-1975)

 29 March 1963 5 April 1967 CPSU
12 Mustafa Topchubashov

(1895-1981)

 5 April 1967 1 July 1971 CPSU
13 Suleyman Rustam

(1906-1989)

 1 July 1971 10 June 1989 CPSU
14 Elmira Gafarova

(1934-1993)

 18 May 1990 5 March 1992 CPSU

Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
No. Picture Name

(Birth–Death)

 Took office Left office Political party
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
1 Mir Bashir Gasimov

(1879-1949)

 21 July 1938 23 April 1949 CPSU
2 Nazar Heydarov

(1896-1968)

 18 May 1949 9 March 1954 CPSU
3 Mirza Ibrahimov

(1911-1993)

 9 March 1954 23 January 1958 CPSU
4 Ilyas Abullaev

(1913-1985)

 23 January 1958 25 November 1959 CPSU
5 Saftar Jafarov

(1900-1961)

 25 November 1959 18 November 1961 CPSU
6 Mammad Isgandarov

(1914-1985)

 29 December 1961 25 December 1969 CPSU
7 Kurban Khalilov

(1906-2000)

 25 December 1969 30 December 1985 CPSU
8 Suleiman Tatliev

(1925-2014)

 30 December 1985 22 June 1989 CPSU
9 Elmira Gafarova

(1934-1993)

 22 June 1989 18 May 1990 CPSU

See also

References
  1. Toy parliament until September 1990
  2. Азәрбајҹан мәтбуат салнамәси (in Russian). Палатасы. 1984.
  3. "Milli Məclisin tarixi. Azərbaycan SSR Ali Soveti (1920-1991-ci illər)" [The history of Milli Majlis. Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR (1920-1991)]. Retrieved 2010-12-01.
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