State Route 1002 (Lehigh County, Pennsylvania)

State Route 1002 (SR 1002), locally known as Tilghman Street and Union Boulevard, is a major 13.8 mi (22.2 km) long east–west road in the Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton metropolitan area of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The majority of the roadway is the former alignment of U.S. Route 22, maintained by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation as a Quadrant Route, and is not signed except on small white segment markers.[2]

State Route 1002
Main Street; Tilghman Street; Union Boulevard
Route information
Maintained by PennDOT
Length13.794 mi[1] (22.199 km)
Existed1987[2]–present
Major junctions
West endSR 3014 (Church Street) in Fogelsville[3]
  PA 100 in Fogelsville
US 22 near Kuhnsville
I-476 / Penna Turnpike NE Extension in S. Whitehall Township
PA 309 in S. Whitehall Township
PA 145 in Allentown
East end PA 378 in Bethlehem[3]
Location
CountiesLehigh
Highway system

Tilghman Street begins at Pennsylvania Route 100 in Fogelsville, though SR 1002 continues west on Main Street (also old US 22) to the intersection of Church Street (SR 3014). It becomes Union Boulevard just east of the bridge over the Lehigh River in Allentown; SR 1002 ends at the interchange with Pennsylvania Route 378 in Bethlehem. Union Boulevard continues over Monocacy Creek, which forms the border between Lehigh and Northampton Counties, and ends in downtown Bethlehem.

The highway attracts more than the average traffic for roads in the Lehigh Valley. An average of 21,018 vehicles use it in South Whitehall Township and 21,706 in Allentown each day.[4]

History

When the state began taking over state highways through the Sproul Road Bill, signed May 31, 1911,[5] this system did not include the direct Allentown-Harrisburg route that Interstate 78 and the parallel Tilghman Street now form part of. The main route to Harrisburg, which would soon become the William Penn Highway, left Allentown further south, on Hamilton Boulevard (now Pennsylvania Route 222 and U.S. Route 222); the portion near Allentown was Legislative Route 157 (LR 157). Another route west from Allentown (LR 163, later U.S. Route 309) ran northwest from Allentown via Walbert Avenue to Schnecksville. Travelers could continue via New Tripoli to Lenhartsville, and then along a route approximating the present I-78 to Harrisburg. From Allentown east to downtown Bethlehem, LR 159 used Hanover Avenue and Broad Street. No state highways existed within the city limits of Allentown.[6][7]

The William Penn Highway was organized as an alternative to the Lincoln Highway being parallel to the Pennsylvania Railroad west of Harrisburg. The route's New York Extension, adopted in 1916, passed through Allentown. The state assigned the Pennsylvania Route 3 designation to this road in 1924, and in 1926 it became part of U.S. Route 22.[8] The road west from Allentown, now College Heights Boulevard, Broadway, Tilghman Street, and Main Street, was designated LR 443 in 1925,[9] and soon the entire shortcut between Allentown and Harrisburg was designated Pennsylvania Route 43.[10] The New York Times was recommending use of this cutoff by early 1931[10] and the American Association of State Highway Officials officially moved US 22 to PA 43 on June 8, 1931. The Pennsylvania Department of Highways moved the William Penn Highway name to match.[8] Tilghman Street and Union Boulevard (then Union Street) were once local streets in Allentown and Bethlehem, with no bridge over the Lehigh River connecting them;[11][12] Allentown built that bridge in 1929.[13]

Built in 1928, the viaduct is the oldest bridge on SR 1002.

Prior to 1931, there were no state highways in Allentown or a number of other major cities in the state. However, the state did define paths through these cities for the public; in Allentown, US 22 used Hamilton Street, and PA 43 entered on Liberty Street and turned south on 17th Street to reach Hamilton Street.[14] The Pennsylvania General Assembly passed, on June 22, 1931, a law defining state highways through these cities and changing routes in other cities. LR 443 was defined to use College Heights Boulevard and Tilghman Street to 15th Street, where LR 157 continued along Tilghman Street and Union Boulevard to the Allentown-Bethlehem line. LR 159 was redefined to begin at the same point, continuing on Union Boulevard to Main Street in downtown Bethlehem (and beyond to Easton).[15][16] The newest part of Tilghman Street includes the bridge over Little Cedar Creek in Trexler Park west of Cedar Crest Boulevard, which dates to 1936,[13] and bypasses the older route via Broadway and College Heights Boulevard. Tilghman Street and Union Boulevard became a major long-distance traffic route, and as of 1999 had eight diners as a reminder of this past importance.[17]

1939 map of Tilghman Street (old US 22)

In addition to US 22, Tilghman Street also carried U.S. Route 309 and Pennsylvania Route 29 between 19th Street and Seventh Street. They were moved from Hamilton Street with US 22 in 1931,[14][15][16][18] and to a freeway bypass of Allentown in the late 1950s.[13][19] The Lehigh Valley Thruway, a freeway taking US 22 around Allentown and Bethlehem to the north, was opened on September 21, 1954.[20] With the opening of these two highways, and the western extension of the Thruway in the late 1950s,[13] no signed Traffic Routes remained on Tilghman Street and Union Boulevard, yet the road was still state maintained. It still carried LR 443, LR 157, and LR 159 through the cities, since the Thruway was assigned a new number — LR 772 — but west of the crossing at Kuhnsville, LR 443 was moved to the freeway, and the old route became LR Old 443,[21][22] later LR 443 Parallel.[23]

The road west of Church Street in Fogelsville, which was also a state highway (LR 39084), was removed from the state highway system in the late 1970s.[24] A gap in LR 159 through downtown Bethlehem was created in 1971, at the same time as Washington Avenue and Stefko Boulevard were added to the system as a bypass, with Union Boulevard east of Pennsylvania Route 378 becoming a city street.[25] Thus in 1987, when the new Location Referencing System was adopted, only the portion of Tilghman Street and Union Boulevard between Church Street and PA 378 was assigned a new number: State Route 1002.[26]

In late October 2012, the Tilghman Street Bridge over the Lehigh River was repaved in order to accommodate construction vehicles for the long-awaited beginning of the American Parkway Bridge project.[27]

Route description

Tilghman Street
Tilghman Street Bridge in Allentown

SR 1002 begins at an intersection with Church and Main Streets (State Route 3014) in Fogelsville. It then proceeds east for three-tenths of a mile[1] (0.5 km) as Main Street to an intersection with Pennsylvania Route 100. Upon crossing SR 100, SR 1002 becomes Tilghman Street. As Tilghman Street approaches the limited-access U.S. Route 22, the road splits into two carriageways in preparation for an interchange with US 22, northeast of where US 22 separates from Interstate 78. Past the interchange with US 22, Tilghman Street returns to an undivided roadway and enters the village of Cetronia.[28]

At an intersection with Werley Road, SR 1002 connects to Interstate 476 (the Northeast Extension of the Pennsylvania Turnpike) via a ramp leading to the toll plaza for the nearby I-476/US 22 interchange. SR 1002 continues to the southeast, passing over the turnpike. After turning to the northeast, Tilghman Street has a cloverleaf interchange with Pennsylvania Route 309. SR 1002 enters Allentown one quarter mile west of this interchange just before its intersection with 40th Street. Tilghman Street then re-enters South Whitehall for about one block as it crosses Cedar Crest Boulevard, a local north–south arterial, before entering into the city's incorporated limits for a second time.[28]

In Allentown, Tilghman Street (SR 1002) crosses more than 30 major streets in the city.[29] In the more populated part of the city, SR 1002 intersects the 6th and 7th street one-way couplet forming Pennsylvania Route 145. East of 4th Street, the road uses the Tilghman Street Bridge[13] to cross Jordan Creek and American Parkway. After intersecting Front Street, SR 1002 crosses the Lehigh River on the Tilghman Street Viaduct and becomes Union Boulevard.[13] Tilghman Street is still found in east-side Allentown, but it is not connected to SR 1002 in west-side, center city, and upper east-side Allentown.[30]

Union Boulevard

East of the Tilghman Street Viaduct, SR 1002 traverses numerous streets in the eastern section of Allentown. After the intersection with Fenwick Street, SR 1002 has a solid west–east routing. East of the Irving Street intersection, SR 1002 intersects Airport Road, the main road to Lehigh Valley International Airport. Briefly east of Airport Road, Union Boulevard traverses the other streets of east Allentown. SR 1002 enters the city of Bethlehem from the west as West Union Boulevard.[28]

Approximately 1,500 feet[1] east of the Allentown-Bethlehem boundary, Eaton Avenue is concurrent with SR 1002  for one-tenth of a mile.[1][30] The route turns to the south near the junction with Pennsylvania Avenue before taking an increasingly eastern alignment.[30] Third Avenue provides access to and from PA 378 south. SR 1002 terminates at an interchange with Pennsylvania Route 378.[31] The highway only has access to PA 378 north. The designation continues as W. Union Boulevard upon entering the eastern sections of Bethlehem in Northampton County.[32][33]

Major intersections

The entire route is in Lehigh County.

Locationmi[1]kmDestinationsNotes
Fogelsville0.0000.000SR 3014 (Church Street)[3]
0.3320.534 PA 100 – Tamaqua, TrexlertownMain Street becomes Tilghman Street east of PA 100.
Kuhnsville2.7714.459 US 22 (Lehigh Valley Thruway) to I-476 – Harrisburg, AllentownPartial interchange with access in only the same direction
South Whitehall Township3.2495.229 I-476 / Penna Turnpike NE Extension – Scranton, PhiladelphiaEntrance ramp to I-476 / Penna Turnpike NE Extension exit 56 (Lehigh Valley); no access to SR 1002 from I-476
4.2616.857 PA 309 – Tamaqua, QuakertownCloverleaf interchange
5.7359.230 SR 1019 (Cedar Crest Boulevard) to US 22 – Balliettsville, DorneyvilleFormerly PA 229[16]
Allentown7.23711.647SR 1017 north (19th Street)Formerly US 309 and PA 29[16]
7.70812.405SR 2003 south (15th Street) – ReadingFormerly part of US 222[16]
8.06212.97512th StreetFormerly US 309 Bypass[14]
8.62513.881 PA 145 south (7th Street) – Quakertown, Philadelphia
8.72814.046 PA 145 north (6th Street)
9.07214.600Tilghman Street Viaduct over the Lehigh RiverTilghman Street becomes Union Boulevard at the east end of the bridge.
9.77415.730 SR 1003 north (Airport Road) to US 22Formerly part of PA 987;[22] access to LVI Airport
Bethlehem13.68422.022 SR 1001 south (3rd Avenue) to PA 378 southFormerly part of PA 191;[34] provides access to and from PA 378 south
13.79422.199 PA 378 northInterchange with single ramp to PA 378 north; traffic from PA 378 north exits at Main Street (former routing of PA 191 north[34]) in downtown Bethlehem
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also
  •  U.S. Roads portal
  •  Pennsylvania portal

References
  1. Bureau of Maintenance and Operations (January 2015). Roadway Management System Straight Line Diagrams (Report) (2015 ed.). Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  2. "Location Referencing System (LRS) -- Definitions, Uses, and Testing" (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. July 19, 2007. Retrieved January 21, 2012.
  3. "PENNDOT VideoLog". PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  4. "Interactive Traffic Volume Map". PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-12.
  5. "Department of Highways". Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
  6. "1915 Lehigh County Map" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
  7. "Map of Pennsylvania Showing State Highways as Adopted Under the Sproul Road Bill" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  8. "William Penn Highway: US 22 in Pennsylvania". Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
  9. Public Law 191, passed April 8, 1925
  10. Dickinson, Leon A. (February 1, 1931). "Highways Into the Deep South". New York Times. p. 136. Retrieved 2009-08-14. Here one meets and follows U.S. Route 22 through Bethlehem to Allentown; then along Route 43 direct to Harrisburg.
  11. Fowler, Thaddeus Mortimer (c. 1922). "Bird's-eye-view of Allentown, Pennsylvania". Library of Congress American Memory Collection. Retrieved 2009-08-14.
  12. Fowler, Thaddeus Mortimer (1894). "West Bethlehem, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania". Library of Congress American Memory Collection. Retrieved 2009-08-14.
  13. nationalbridges.com "National Bridge Inventory" Check |url= value (help). United States Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
  14. "1930 state map, back sde" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  15. Public Law 720, No. 262, passed June 22, 1931
  16. "1941 Lehigh County Map" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-04-09.
  17. Butko, Brian A.; Kevin Joseph Patrick (1999). Diners of Pennsylvania. Stackpole Books. p. 96. ISBN 0-8117-2878-1.
  18. "1930 state map, front sde" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  19. "1960 state map, front sde" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  20. Matt Assad, The Morning Call, Route 22: Fifty years, one billion cars, September 19, 2004
  21. "1960 state map, back sde" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  22. "1960 Lehigh County Map" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  23. "1974 Lehigh County Map" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  24. Public Law 1242, No.428, passed September 27, 1978
  25. Public Law 640, No. 164, passed December 15, 1974
  26. "1985 Lehigh County Map (state route numbers current as of October 1988)" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  27. McEvoy, Colin (October 23, 2012). "Tilghman Street Bridge in Allentown to undergo paving for American Parkway Bridge project". The Express-Times. Easton, PA. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
  28. Google (October 28, 2015). "overview of State Route 1002 in Lehigh County" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
  29. Map of Tilghman and 19th Streets (Map). MapQuest. Retrieved 2007-04-29.
  30. "Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Metropolitan Map" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-04-11.
  31. The eastern terminus of SR 1002 map (Map). MapQuest. Retrieved 2007-04-29.
  32. "2004 Lehigh County Map" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
  33. "Traffic map for Northampton County" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  34. "1970 state map, back side" (PDF). PennDOT. Retrieved 2007-05-03.

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