St Michael's Church, Melksham

St Michael's Church is the Church of England parish church in the town of Melksham, Wiltshire, England.

St Michael's, Melksham
Church of St Michael and All Angels
St Michael's, Melksham
Location in Wiltshire
51.3726°N 2.1409°W / 51.3726; -2.1409
OS grid referenceST903637
LocationMelksham, Wiltshire
CountryEngland
DenominationAnglican
History
StatusParish church
Architecture
Functional statusActive
StylePerpendicular
Years built12th, 14th–16th centuries, 1845
Administration
ParishMelksham
DeaneryBradford on Avon
ArchdeaconryWilts
DioceseSalisbury
ProvinceCanterbury
Listed Building – Grade II*
Reference no.1021707[1]

The church stands some 200 metres northwest of the town's marketplace. With 12th-century origins, the building was altered and enlarged in the 14th and 15th centuries, and restored in the 19th. It is a Grade II* listed building.[1]

History

Domesday Book in 1086 recorded a church at Melchesha.[2] In 1220 the living became a possession of the canonry of Salisbury Cathedral, continuing to the present day.[3]

Architecture

The church has a chancel and five-bay nave, with north and south aisles and north and south chapels, and a west tower.

Pevsner wrote: "... it is a big church, and so it is all the more remarkable that its Norman predecessor was just as big."[4] The chancel dates from the 12th century, evidenced externally by a string course decorated with cylindrical billet, and internally by the outlines of decorative arcades on the north and south walls, together with a remnant of an arch in the northeast corner.[5]

The church was enlarged in the 14th century, and in the mid-15th a clerestory was inserted and a chapel was added on the south side of the chancel.[3] The Lady Chapel was built later that century at the east end of the south aisle and was linked to the holders of the manor, at that time the Brounckers;[3] the chapel was refitted in 1909.[1]

Extensive remodelling in 1845 by T.H. Wyatt included moving the four-stage 16th-century tower from the crossing to the west end, and adding a vestry and chapel on the north side.[1] In 1881 the chancel was restored.[3] The fine carved limestone reredos of 1894 is by C.E. Ponting, and the carved oak chancel screen is of the same date. Stained glass in the nave and chancel is by Ward and Hughes, 1884, and the Lady Chapel has glass of 1897 by Kempe.[1]

The eight bells in the tower were recast by John Taylor & Co in 1924.[6]

Churchyard

A chest tomb from the early 19th century is Grade II* listed;[7] many further tombs and memorials are Grade II listed.

Parish

From the 13th century, chapelries of Melksham were at Seend and Erlestoke, the latter some seven miles distant; for a short time from the 14th century there was another at Shaw. Each of these places gained their own parishes in the 19th century.[3][8]

Chapels of ease were built in the northern Forest area of Melksham (St Andrew, 1876)[9] and at Beanacre, now in Melksham Without civil parish (St Barnabas, 1886; the 14th-century stone font came from St Michael's).[10] Today these two churches, together with St Michael's, are served by the Melksham Team Ministry.[11]

In 1954, the southernmost part of Melksham parish, namely the area south of the Devizes branch line, was transferred to the parish of Steeple Ashton with Semington.[12]

Notable clergy
  • Bohun Fox, vicar 1697–1750, author of two anti-Quaker pamphlets (1707);[13] founded and endowed a school for poor boys.[14] His charity continued beyond 1953[3] but is no longer extant.
  • Robert Martineau, curate 1938–1941, later Bishop of Huntingdon and Bishop of Blackburn
  • Hugh Dickinson, curate c.1957, later Dean of Salisbury

References
  1. Historic England. "Church of St Michael (1021707)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  2. Melksham in the Domesday Book
  3. Chettle, H.F.; Powell, W.R.; Spalding, P.A.; Tillott, P.M. (1953). Pugh, R.B.; Crittall, Elizabeth (eds.). "Victoria County History: Wiltshire: Vol 7 pp91-121 – Parishes: Melksham". British History Online. University of London. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  4. Pevsner, Nikolaus; Cherry, Bridget (revision) (1975) [1963]. Wiltshire. The Buildings of England (2nd ed.). Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. pp. 342–343. ISBN 0-14-0710-26-4.
  5. "St Michael and All Angels, Melksham, Wiltshire". Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture. King's College London. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  6. "Melksham, St Michael & All Angels". Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  7. Historic England. "Turner memorial (1021708)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
  8. "No. 23973". The London Gazette. 6 May 1873. pp. 2242–2245.
  9. Historic England. "Church of St Andrew (1286098)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  10. Historic England. "Church of St Barnabas (1285597)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  11. "Melksham: St Michael & All Angels". A Church Near You. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  12. "No. 40267". The London Gazette. 31 August 1954. p. 5021.
  13. Joseph Smith (1873). Bibliotheca Anti-Quakeriana, Or, A Catalogue of Books Adverse to the Society of Friends. Joseph Smith. p. 191.
  14. "Fox's Charity School, Melksham". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
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