St John the Baptist's Church, Stanwick

St John the Baptist's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Stanwick St John, North Yorkshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building,[1] and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.[2] The site of the church is recognised as a Scheduled Monument, and it stands within the earthworks of Stanwick Camp,[2] a settlement originating in the early Iron Age.[3]

St John the Baptist's Church, Stanwick
St John the Baptist's Church, Stanwick, from the southeast
St John the Baptist's Church, Stanwick
Location in North Yorkshire
OS grid referenceNZ 185 119
LocationStanwick St John, North Yorkshire
CountryEngland
DenominationAnglican
WebsiteChurches Conservation Trust
History
DedicationJohn the Baptist
Architecture
Functional statusRedundant
Heritage designationGrade I
Designated4 February 1969
Architect(s)Anthony Salvin (1868 restoration)
Architectural typeChurch
StyleGothic, Gothic Revival
Completed1868
Specifications
MaterialsStone rubble, roofs in stone slate, artificial stone slate and lead

History

The present church dates from the 13th century,[1] although the discovery of a 9th-century cross shaft in the churchyard suggests that there was an earlier church on the site.[2] It was "heavily restored" in 1868 by Anthony Salvin.[1] St John's was vested in the Trust on 1 June 1990.[4]

Architecture
Monument of Sir Hugh Smithson, 1st Baronet (d.1670), St John the Baptist's Church, Stanwick, Yorks.[5]
Mural monument to Sir Hugh Smithson, 3rd Baronet, who married Elizabeth Langdale, daughter of Marmaduke Langdale, 2nd Baron Langdale, Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick, Yorks.

Exterior

The church is constructed in stone rubble, and the roofs are in stone slate, artificial stone slate and lead. Its plan consists of a four-bay nave with a south aisle and a south porch, a three-bay chancel with a north vestry that was added in the 19th century, and a west tower. The tower is in three stages, and has quoins and stepped diagonal buttresses. In the lowest stage, the west face has a lancet window above a central buttress, and there is a similar lancet window on each face in the middle stage. In the top stage are two-light bell openings, and the summit has a battlemented parapet. On the ground, on the west side, is a medieval stone coffin lying on its side. On the north side is a five-sided stair turret that was added in the 19th century. The porch has stepped diagonal buttresses, and an arched doorway over which is a sundial. The inner door dates from the 13th century. Incorporated in the fabric of the south aisle are carved stones dating from the Anglo-Saxon and medieval periods. It has a 19th-century single-light west window, two three-light windows in the south wall dating from the 19th century and a three-light, 13th-century east window. In the north wall of the church are three two-light windows containing Decorated and Perpendicular tracery. The chancel contains a priest's doorway and a number of windows, including a three-light east window with Decorated tracery. The vestry has a two-light 19th-century window.[1]

Interior

Internally there is a four-bay south arcade, a tower arch and a chancel arch. In the north wall of the chancel is a recumbent effigy and in the south wall is a 19th-century piscina and a stepped triple sedilia. In the south aisle is another piscina and an aumbry. The font dates from the 19th century and has a 17th-century carved canopy. The church contains a number of tombs and monuments to the memory of the Smithson family. On the east wall of the chancel are boards painted with the Lord's Prayer, Creeds, and the Commandments. Over the chancel arch are the royal arms of George III, and around the church are hatchments.[1] The organ was built in 1866 by John Fincham of London.[6] There is a ring of three bells, all cast by Samuel I. Smith, two in 1677, and the third in 1685.[7]

External features

In the environs of the church are seven structures each of which is designated as a Grade II listed building. To the south of the south aisle are four sandstone tombstones dating from the 18th century,[8] and on the east side of the porch is another group of four tombstones from the same period.[9] To the south of the porch are two memorials, one to William Newcomb who died in 1752,[10] and the other to Richard Slater dating from the early 18th century.[11] South of the chancel is an Anglo-Saxon cross-shaft dating probably from the 9th century.[12] To the north-northeast of the church are two wells built in the late 19th century for the Duke of Northumberland and possibly designed by Anthony Salvin. The smaller one is some 150 metres from the church around a spring,[13] and this feeds the other well about 100 metres from the church.[14]

See also

References
  1. Historic England, "Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick St. John (1167219)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 5 October 2012
  2. Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick, North Yorkshire, Churches Conservation Trust, retrieved 18 October 2016
  3. Historic England, "Stanwick Late Iron Age oppidum, Iron Age and medieval settlement, early Christian church and sculpture and post-medieval emparkment, Stanwick St. John (1016199)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 December 2013
  4. Diocese of Ripon and Leeds: All Schemes (PDF), Church Commissioners/Statistics, Church of England, 2010, retrieved 3 April 2011
  5. Further reading: The Smithson Monuments at Stanwick, North Yorkshire by Bulter, L., published in Journal of the Church Monument Society Volume XV, 2000. 6pp, 4 b/w pls
  6. Yorkshire, North Riding (Yorkshire, North), Stanwick St. John, British Institute of Organ Studies, retrieved 24 August 2010
  7. Stanwick St John S John Bapt, Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers, retrieved 24 August 2010
  8. Historic England, "4 tombstones in a line approximately 5 metres south of south-west of the Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick St. John (1131894)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 5 October 2012
  9. Historic England, "Group of 4 tombstones approximately 2 metres east of porch of the Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick St. John (1296975)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 5 October 2012
  10. Historic England, "Newcomb memorial approximately 7 metres south of porch of the Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick St. John (1167271)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 5 October 2012
  11. Historic England, "Slater memorial approximately 6 metres south of porch of Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick St. John (1316958)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 5 October 2012
  12. Historic England, "Saxon cross-shaft approximately 3 metres south of chancel of Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick St. John (1131895)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 5 October 2012
  13. Historic England, "Well approximately 150 metres north-north-east of Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick St. John (1131896)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 5 October 2012
  14. Historic England, "Well approximately 100 metres north-north-east of Church of St John the Baptist, Stanwick St. John (1167290)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 5 October 2012
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