St John's Church, Barmouth
St John's Church, Barmouth, Gwynedd, Wales was built between 1889 and 1895 and designed by the Chester architects Douglas and Fordham. The foundation stone was laid by Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom. The bulk of the cost of construction was donated by Mrs Sarah Dyson Perrins in memory of her husband James Dyson Perrins (father of Charles William Dyson Perrins) of Lea & Perrins.
| Church of Saint John the Evangelist | |
|---|---|
 Photo of St John's Church taken from Barmouth Beach | |
| |
| Denomination | Church in Wales |
| Website | broardudwy |
| History | |
| Status | Parish Church |
| Founded | 1889 |
| Dedication | St John the Evangelist |
| Consecrated | April 1895 |
| Associated people | Mrs Sarah Perrins, Canon Edward Hughes |
| Architecture | |
| Functional status | Active |
| Heritage designation | II* |
| Designated | 31 January 1995 |
| Architect(s) | John Douglas & Daniel Fordham |
| Style | Restrained Perpendicular |
| Years built | 1889-1895 |
| Groundbreaking | August 1889 |
| Completed | April 1895 |
| Construction cost | £33,500 |
| Specifications | |
| Capacity | 1,000 seated (reduced to 620) |
| Materials | Local stone & Cheshire Sandstone |
| Bells | 8 (Change Ringing, Ellacombe, Clock Chime) |
| Tenor bell weight | 22-1-1 |
| Administration | |
| Parish | Bro Ardudwy[1] |
| Deanery | Meirionydd Synod |
| Diocese | Bangor |
| Clergy | |
| Rector | Rev. Anthony Hodges |
The church belongs to the Church in Wales. It is a grade II* listed building, and was given this status by Cadw on 31 January 1995.[2] It is part of the Bro Ardudwy Ministry Area.
History
In 1830, a new church was opened in Barmouth on the quayside dedicated to Saint David. This church was built to accommodate an increasing population since the ancient church in Llanaber is over a mile away from the town centre.
During this period the railways had not reached this part of the Welsh coast and as such Barmouth was still reliant on the maritime industry. This changed in the 1860s with the arrival of the railway resulting in a vast increase in the number of tourists.
Soon after the Reverend Edward Hughes became rector of the parish of Llanaber and Barmouth in 1887 he realised that Barmouth needed a larger place of worship. Many trials were carried out in St David's to try and increase the seating capacity but these attempts proved fruitless.
During 1887 Reverend Hughes proposed the idea of building a larger place of worship to the Churchwardens and the Parochial Church Council, who agreed and the work of finding a suitable location began.
With Barmouth's geographical location between the mountains and sea, building locations were limited. However a donation of a rocky precipice above the town was accepted as the final choice.
A design by architects Douglas and Fordham was chosen and fundraising efforts begun. An unexpected donation of £15,000 from Mrs Sarah Perrins, widow of James Dyson Perrins and mother of Charles William Dyson Perrins was gratefully received and provided funding for the chancel, central tower, lady chapel and vestry to be built as a memorial to her late husband. Mrs Sarah Perrins and her family owned a holiday home in Barmouth called Plas Mynach and would have been aware of the need to build a larger church.
St John's took seven years to build between the laying of the foundation stone in 1889 by Princess Beatrice of Battenburg to its consecration in November 1895 by Bishop Cambell of Bangor. There were some setbacks during the construction stages, most notably during the evening of September 11th 1891, on the same day that the local Catholic church, St Tudwal's was opened. During this stage the church was almost finished, the roofs had not yet been slated, the tower was almost completed. At some point during the evening the tower collapsed into the church destroying most of the un-slated roofs and most of the walls on the mountainside of the building. Douglas and Fordham blamed the collapse on blasting operations behind the church that were aimed at allowing more light into the building.
St John's was finally rebuilt and furnished due to the financial kindness of Mrs Perrins and her family.
Items of Interest
Font
The Font located at the back of the church is a free-copy of Danish sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen's font in Copenhagen Cathedral and is sculpted out of pure marble.
The church font
Thorwaldsen's Font in Copenhagen Cathedral
The lectern decorated for the 2007 Harvest Festival. "The Seed is the Word" on one of the copper plates can be made out
Lectern
The lectern was made in Frome. It is made of wrought iron and copper and represents the Sower and the Seed.
Bell tower
The tower contains 8 bells by Mear and Stainbank of Whitechapel in London. There is also a clock mechanism in the bell ringing chamber built in 1897, this mechanism also plays the Westminster Chimes using some of the eight bells.
Stained glass windows
St John's has nine stained glass windows by CE Kemp.
The Main East Window shows Christ in His Majesty with disciples and St John the Evangelist. The West window depicts the Risen Christ with Angels. The side windows of the Sanctuary show various scenes of the resurrection: Easter Morning, Woman at the Tomb, Christ with Doubting Thomas and the Charge to St Peter. The three windows of the Lady Chapel show the Annunciation and the Nativity.
Organ
St John's church was designed by John Douglas and Daniel Fordham as previously mentioned. Unlike most churches, their design incorporated a purpose built area for the organ that was to be installed in the church upon completion of the building and not a design that considered the organ an afterthought. This has resulted in an organ that has all parts easily accessible without the need for large panels or pipework to be removed during tuning and maintenance.
Funds for financing the organ were donated by Mrs Perrins' daughter Mrs Sarah Gertrude Potter and since the family were from the Worcester area Nicholson & Co were a natural choice to build the instrument. The organ was built at the Nicholson factory at Palace Yard, Worcester and shipped to Barmouth in large containers by train. The instrument is a three manual organ with a pedal division. It has a total of 34 stops Divided between the manuals in the following configuration:
| Division | Stop Name | Length |
|---|---|---|
| Swell | Clarion | 4 ft |
| Oboe | 8 ft | |
| Cornopean | 8 ft | |
| Mixture | 3 Rks | |
| Wald Flute | 4 ft | |
| Harmonic Piccolo | 2 ft | |
| Viol D'Orchestre | 8 ft | |
| Voix Celeste | 8 ft | |
| Gamba | 8 ft | |
| Lieblich Gedackt | 8 ft | |
| Bourdon | 16 ft | |
| Open Diapason | 8 ft | |
| Great | Trumpet | 8 ft |
| Mixture | 4 Rks | |
| Fifteenth | 2 ft | |
| Twelfth | 3 ft | |
| Harmonic Flute | 4 ft | |
| Principal | 4 ft | |
| Clarabella | 8 ft | |
| Keraulophon | 8 ft | |
| Bourdon | 16 ft | |
| Small Open Diapason | 8 ft | |
| Large Open Diapason | 8 ft | |
| Choir | Clarionet | 8 ft |
| Piccolo | 2 ft | |
| Suabe Flute | 4 ft | |
| Dolce | 8 ft | |
| Clarabella | 8 ft | |
| Dulciana | 8 ft | |
| Gamba | 8 ft | |
| Pedals | Principal | 8 ft |
| Violoncello | 8 ft | |
| Bourdon | 16 ft | |
| Open Diapason | 16 ft |
Each Manual has three combination pedals each.
The Organ also has the following couplers:
- Super Octave to Pedal
- Choir to Great
- Swell to Great
- Swell to Choir
- Pedal to Swell
- Pedal to Great
- Pedal to Choir
and a tremblant on the swell.
The greatest treasure of this organ, however, is its action. For the swell, choir, and pedals traditional tracker action is used, however, the Great uses a Barker lever pneumatics system.
Since it was installed in St Johns in 1895 the organ has not had a major overhaul and except for being cleaned in the 1970s and undergoing annual tuning and maintenance the only modification has been to incorporate a "Discus" electric blower system by Watkins and Watson in the basement sometime in the 1950s. The organ is in such an unaltered and original state that it can still be hand pumped by three volunteers when required!
Prior to 1895 organs in churches in the surrounding area were virtually unheard of, Dolgellau was the only church in the locality that had a barrel organ to accompany services. Indeed, at the time of its construction, this organ was almost as big as the largest organ in North Wales which was located in Bangor Cathedral. By today, this organ is still one of the largest in North Wales (probably ranking between fourth and sixth largest).
Nicholson & Co must have made a remarkable impression with this instrument, over the next 20 years they installed four other pipe organs in churches and chapels in Barmouth alone – only two of these Nicholson organs (apart from this one) remain in Barmouth, one is located in St David's Church and the other one is located in Christ Church.
The Casework of the St John's Organ
The three manual Console
References
- from Church in Wales retrieved 16 October 2015
- Cadw, "St John's Church (Grade II*) (15467)", National Historic Assets of Wales, retrieved 2 April 2019
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to St John's Church, Barmouth. |